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Summary
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text
Deutsch: Text in SVG:
Vorlauf
Rücklauf
Energieeffizienz
50-60°C (70°C) (Ultra-Niedrigtemperatur Fernwärme <50°C)
~25°C
<70°C
<100°C
>100°C
<45°C
<200°C
<80°C
1G / 1880-1930
4G / 2020-2050
3G / 1980-2020
2G / 1930-1980
Entwicklung (Fernwärmegeneration) / Zeitraum Stand der Technik
Fernwärmenetz
Fernkältenetz
Energieeffizienz /Temperaturlevel
1. Generation: Dampf
Dampfbetriebenes System, Dampfleitungen in Betonführungen
Heißwassersystem mit Druckleitungen, schwere Anlagenteile, große vor Ort errichtete Technik
vorgedämmte Leitungen, Industrialisierte kompakte, Übergabestationen mit Wärmedämmung, Wärmezählung und Überwachung
4. Generation
Niedriger Energiebedarf, Intelligentes Energiesystem (optimale Wechselwirkungen zwischen Energiequellen, Verteilung und Verbrauch), Zweiwegesystem
2. Generation: vor Ort errichtetes System
3. Generation: Vorgefertigtes System
Dampfspeicher
Kohle, Müll
Nahwärme
KWK Kohle, KWK Erdöl
Solare Fernwärme
Bioenergie, Bioenergie KWK
KWK Müll, KWK Öl, KWK Kohle
Heizwerke Müll, Öl, Kohle
Müllheizkraftwerk KWK
Potentielle zukünftige Energiequellen
industrielle Biomassekonversion
Fernwärme
Industrieabwärme
Rechenzentren
Saisonale Wärmespeicher
Geothermie
Stromüberschüsse, Ökostrom
2-Wege-Nutzung, z.B. Supermarkt (Prosumer)
Zentrale Fernkältewerke
zentrale Großwärmepumpen
Nutzung auch in Niedrigenergiehäusern (möglich)
Kältespeicher
Solare Fernwärme
Wärmespeicher
Bioenergie, KWK
English: Text in SVG:
Biomass, CHP Biomass
CHP waste, CHP oil, CHP coal
Gas waste, Oil, Coal
Future energy source
Biomass conversion
2-way District Heating e.g. supermarket
Centralised district cooling plant
Centralised heat pump
Coldstorage
Industry surplus
Heatstorage
CHP Biomass
CHP coal, CHP oil
Steamstorage
Local District Heating
Data center
Seasonal heat storage
Geothermal
PV, Wave, Wind surplus, Electricity
CHP waste incineration
Also low energy buildings
Coal, Waste
District Heating
Large scale solar
Development (District Heating generation) / Period of best available technology
District heating grid
District cooling grid
Large scale solar
Energy efficiency / temperature level
1G: STEAM
Steam system, steam pipes in concrete ducts
2G: IN SITU
Pressurised hot-water system, Heavy equipment, Large ”build on site” stations
3G: PREFABRICATED
Pre-insulated pipes, Industrialised compact substations (also with insulation), Metering and monitoring
4G: 4th GENERATION
Low energy demands, Smart energy (optimum interaction of energy sources, distribution and consumption), 2-way DH
DH flow
Energy efficiency
50-60°C (70°C) (ULTDH <50°C)
~25°C
<70°C
<100°C
>100°C
<45°C
<200°C
DH return
<80°C
1G / 1880-1930
4G / 2020-2050
3G / 1980-2020
2G / 1930-1980
English Picture showing the 4 different generations of district heating systems, including the heat sources
Swedish Bild som visar utvecklingen över tid av fyra generationer fjärrvärme
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Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment
current 17:23, 12 July 2018 1,362 × 1,003 (1.16 MB) Mrmw small changes
20:45, 11 July 2018 1,362 × 1,003 (191 KB) Mrmw {{Information |description ={{en|1=a}} |date = |source =a |author =a }}
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