List of best-selling automobiles
This article's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. (December 2012) |
Since the introduction of the Benz Patent Motorwagen in 1886, some passenger cars and light trucks can claim to being the highest selling vehicles in the automobile markets.
While references to verify the manufacturers' claims have been included, there is always the possibility of inaccuracy or hyperbole. A single vehicle can be sold concurrently under several nameplates in different markets, as with for example the Nissan Sunny; in such circumstances manufacturers often provide only cumulative units sold figures for all models. As a result, there is no definitive standard for measuring units sold; Chrysler minivans has sold over 16 million worldwide, while Volkswagen has claimed its Beetle is the best-selling car in history, as it did not substantially change throughout its production run.[1] By contrast, Toyota has applied the Corolla nameplate to 12 generations since 1966, which have sold over 50 million through 2021.[2]
World's bestsellers
[edit]Four cars have been widely acknowledged as the "bestselling automobile in the world" since Ford built its millionth Model T on December 10, 1915. The Model T itself remained the highest seller until forty five years after production ceased in 1927. On February 17, 1972 Volkswagen claimed that the Ford had been surpassed by the Beetle, when the 15,007,034th was manufactured.[1] Although the Model T has subsequently been credited with 16.5 million units sold, the error is inconsequential in light of the Beetle reaching 21 million.[3] The Model T was eventually surpassed within Ford by the Ford F-Series, a pickup truck that is directly descended from the Model T roadster pickup.
The Beetle remained the bestselling vehicle in the car industry until the late 1990s,[4] when it was overtaken by the Toyota Corolla, due to the Corolla's good fuel mileage.[5] However, this was an example of the modern practice of applying a brand name across a wide range of vehicles, and retaining it for marketing purposes even as the car changes drastically.[6] While the first Corolla in 1966 was rear-wheel drive and rode on a 2286 mm wheelbase, the current hybrid and all-wheel drive models share a 2640 mm wheelbase and use a mechanically unrelated platform.[7] Sales of the Beetle were also surpassed by its successor, the Volkswagen Golf.
The original model Lada produced by AvtoVAZ of Russia, is the most numerous vehicle ever marketed without any major design change during its production history, with over 20 million units sold between 1970 and mid-2012. The Lada, sometimes known as the "Classic" in the West, was originally based on the 1960s Fiat 124 but mechanically upgraded to cope with poor roads and harsh climates. Between 1970 and 1979, some 5 million cars had been produced. These were marketed as the VAZ-2101 (1200 sedan), VAZ-2102 (1200 estate), VAZ-2103 (quad headlights, higher-spec. interior than 1200), VAZ-2106 (improved 2103). Between 1980 and 2012 over 15 million more Ladas were produced, and these were badged for various export markets such as Rivas (UK), Signets (Canada), and Novas (Germany). The car was also built under licence in several countries (production figures unknown). Although various updates were made to the car's bumpers, steering columns, and interior fittings, as well as other minor mechanical improvements throughout its production life, the basic Fiat 124 derived design remained unchanged.
Image | Automobile | Production | Units sold | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ford Model T | 1908–1927 | 16,500,000[8] | The first car to achieve one million, five million, ten million and fifteen million units sold. By 1914, it was estimated that nine out of every ten cars in the world were Fords.[8] | |
Lada "Classic" | 1970–2012[9] | 17,750,000[10] | The number does not include the platform's archetype Fiat 124 and its other license-built examples (e.g. SEAT 124, SEAT 1430). | |
Volkswagen Beetle | 1938–2003 | 21,529,464[3] | The first car to achieve twenty million units sold.[1] | |
Toyota Corolla | 1966–present | 50,000,000 by 2021[2] | The 50 million milestone was reached in 2021. However, the model type has been different over the years.[2] |
National bestsellers
[edit]Country | Image | Automobile | Years sold | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | Ford Falcon | 1960–2016 | Over 3,578,689.[11] | |
Argentina | Toyota HiLux | 1960–present | Approximately 17,700,000, number reached in 2017.[12] | |
Bangladesh | Toyota Corolla | 1966–present | [13][14] | |
Brazil | Volkswagen Gol[15] | 1980–2023 | 7,000,000, number reached on December 12, 2022.[16] | |
China | Wuling Hongguang | 2010–present | 4,549,592 to December 2020.[17] | |
Czech Republic | Škoda Octavia | 1996–present | Over 6,000,000 to 2016.[18] | |
France | Renault Clio | 1990–present | 12,300,000 to 2013.[19] | |
Germany | Volkswagen Golf[15] | 1974–present | Over 25,000,000 to 2006.[20] | |
India | Maruti Suzuki Alto | 2000–present | 5,000,000 until 2024.[21] | |
Indonesia | Toyota Avanza | 2003–present | 2,021,838 units sold from 2004 to December 2023 in three generations.[22][23][24][25][26] | |
Italy | Fiat Uno | 1983–1995 (in Italy) | Over 8,000,000.[27] | |
Japan | Toyota Corolla | 1966–present | Over 50,000,000 | |
Malaysia | Proton Saga | 1985–present | 1,900,000 since 1985.[28] | |
the Netherlands | DAF 44 | 1966–1974 | 167,902[29] | |
Poland | Polski Fiat 126p | 1973–2000 | 3,318,674 in Poland.[30][31] | |
Romania | Dacia 1300 | 1969–2004 | 1,959,730 sold in Romania.[32][33] | |
Spain | SEAT Ibiza | 1984–present | 3,949,597 up to 2008.[34] | |
Sweden | Volvo 200 Series | 1974–1993 | 2,862,573.[35] | |
Turkey | Renault Symbol | 1999–2021 | 260,000 up to 2013.[36][37] | |
United Kingdom | Mini | 1959–2000 | 5,505,874.[38] | |
United States | Ford F-Series | 1948–present | Over 40,000,000.[39] | |
Vietnam | Toyota Vios | 2013–present | 67,787 up to 2018. |
Brand bestsellers
[edit]Current brands
[edit]Brand | Image | Automobile | Production | Units sold & notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alfa Romeo | Alfa Romeo Alfasud | 1972–1989 | 1,017,387.[40] | ||
Alpine | Alpine A110 (2017) | 2017–present | 18,985.[41][42] | ||
Aston Martin | Aston Martin DBX | 2020–present | 10,675 to end of 2023.[43][44][45][46] | ||
Audi | Audi A4 | 1994–present | Over 7,500,000 to 2019[47] | ||
Baojun | Baojun 510 | 2017–present | 972,042 to 2021.[48] Notable for being a highest-selling newly introduced automobile nameplate in world's history.[49] | ||
BMW | BMW 3 Series | 1975–present | Over 14,000,000 to 2015. | ||
Buick | Buick LeSabre | 1959–2005 | Over 6,000,000.[50] | ||
Bugatti | Bugatti Type 40 | 1926–1930 | Approximately 800.[51] | ||
BYD | BYD F3 | 2005–2022 | 1,684,904, excluding exports.[52] | ||
Cadillac | Cadillac De Ville | 1959–2005 | Approximately 3,870,000 excluding early Series 62 hardtops, 1981–1988, 1991–93, and 2000–05. (Total production for 1981–1988, 1991–93 and 2000–05 is unknown but a good guess is over 1,300,000.)[53][54] | ||
Chevrolet | Chevrolet Impala | 1958–2020 | Over 13,000,000 to 1996.[55] | ||
Chrysler | Chrysler Newport | 1961–1981 | Approximately 1,920,000 (excluding early Newport hardtops).[53][54] | ||
Citroën | Citroën 2CV | 1948–1990 | 3,872,583. Including commercial variants, the total figure is approximately nine million[56] | ||
Dacia | Dacia Sandero | 2008–present | over 2,700,000 (includes the Stepway version). | ||
De Tomaso | De Tomaso Pantera | 1970–1991 | 7,260 produced over a single generation[57] | ||
Dodge | Dodge Coronet | 1949–1959 1965–1976 |
Approximately 2,060,000 in six generations not counting 1949–53 4-doors, 1953 coupes, Dodge Chargers and Super Bees. (Production of 1949–53 4-doors and 1953 coupes is unknown but a reasonable guess is about 400,000 total. | ||
Ferrari | Ferrari 360 | 1999–2004 | Over 17,000 coupés and convertibles.[58] | ||
Fiat | Fiat Uno | 1983–present | Approximately 8,800,000 worldwide to 2004. Sold over six million in Western Europe before being replaced by the Punto in 1995, while production continued in South Africa, Poland and Brazil.[59] | ||
Ford | Ford F-Series | 1948–present | Over 40,000,000. America's bestselling vehicle for 40 consecutive years;[39] 33,900,000 in 12 generations to May 2010.[60] | ||
Haval | Haval H6 | 2012–present | 3,892,260 between 2012 2022, excluding exports.[61] | ||
Henry J | Henry J Deluxe | 1951–1954 | 43,400.[53] | ||
Hindustan | Hindustan Ambassador | 1958–2014 | Almost 4,000,000.[62] | ||
Holden | Holden Commodore | 1978–2019 | 3,130,000 to 2013.[63] | ||
Honda | Honda Civic | 1972–present | Over 27,000,000 up to 2021.[64] | ||
Hyundai | Hyundai Elantra | 1990–present | 14,400,000 up to 2022.[65] | ||
Jaguar | Jaguar XJ | 1968–2019 | 800,000 up to 2005.[66] | ||
Jeep | Jeep Cherokee (XJ) | 1984–2014 | 2,884,172 in North America until 2001; production continued in China until 2005.[67] | ||
Koenigsegg | Koenigsegg Jesko | 2021–present | 125.[68] | ||
Lada/AvtoVAZ | Lada Riva VAZ-2105/04/07 |
1980–2014 | 13,500,000 until exports to Europe were discontinued in 1997. Production continues in Egypt.[69] | ||
Lamborghini | Lamborghini Urus | 2018–present | over 20,000[70] | ||
Lancia | Lancia Ypsilon | 1996–present | over 870,000 to 2005.[71] | ||
Land Rover | Series/Defender | 1948–2016 2020–present |
over 2,000,000 (approx)[72] | ||
Lincoln | Lincoln Town Car | 1981–2011 | Approximately 2,290,000 not counting 2005–2011. (Production of 2005–2011 is unknown but a reasonable guess is about 160,000.)[54][73] | ||
Lotus | Lotus Elise | 1996–2021 | over 35,000 produced over two generations to 2021.[74] | ||
Maserati | Maserati Biturbo | 1981–1994 | Over 38,000[75] | ||
Mazda | Mazda Familia | 1963–2003 | Over 10,000,000 up to 1995.[76] | ||
Mercedes-Benz | Mercedes-Benz C-Class | 1993–present | 6,900,000 to November 2006.[77] | ||
Mitsubishi | Mitsubishi Lancer | 1973–2017 | Over 6,000,000 to the end of 2006.[78] Production continues in Taiwan and China | ||
Nissan | Nissan Sunny/ Sentra/ Pulsar/ Almera | 1966–present | Over 15,900,000.[69] Ten generations, and four nameplates depending on marketplace. | ||
Opel/Vauxhall | Opel Corsa | 1982–present | Over 18,000,000 sold worldwide in 25 years and in 4 generations up to 2007. 10 million of them were sold only in Europe.[79] The best-selling car in the world in 1998 surpassing the Toyota Corolla with 910,839 sales, at that time being produced in four continents and was sold under five marques with five different body styles.[80] | ||
Perodua | Perodua Myvi | 2005–present | 1,400,000 since 2005 up to 2023.[81] | ||
Peugeot | Peugeot 206 | 1998–2013 | Approximately 10,000,000 to 2018 in a single generation.[82] | ||
Porsche | Porsche 911 | 1963–present | 1,000,000 produced up to 2017.[83] | ||
Proton | Proton Saga | 1985–present | 1,900,000 since 1985. | ||
Renault | Renault Clio | 1990–present | 12,300,000 across four generations up to 2013.[19] | ||
Rolls-Royce | Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow | 1965–1980 | 29,030 produced over a single generation.[84] | ||
SEAT | SEAT Ibiza | 1984–present | 3,949,597 up to 2008.[34] The sales of the fourth generation of the SEAT Ibiza, as well as those of its derivatives (such as the SEAT Córdoba and the SEAT Inca, or the rebadged versions) are not included in the figures. | ||
Smart | Smart Fortwo | 1998–present | Over 1,700,000 by early-2015.[85][86] | ||
Subaru | Subaru Legacy | 1988–present | Over 3,600,000 to 2008.[87][88] | ||
Škoda | Škoda Octavia | 1996–present | Over 6,000,000 to 2016.[18] | ||
Tatuus | Tatuus FR2000 | 2000–2007 | Approximately 930 chassis.[89][90] | ||
Toyota | Toyota Corolla | 1966–present | 50,000,000 up to 2021[2] | ||
Tesla | Tesla Model Y | 2020–present | 2,160,000 up to December 2023[91] | ||
Volkswagen | Volkswagen Golf | 1974–present | 35,000,000 across seven generations by 2019.[92] Became Volkswagen's bestseller in 2002.[93] | ||
Volvo | Volvo 200 Series | 1974–1993 | 2,862,573 saloon, estate and coupe models over a spell of 19 years.[35] | ||
ZAZ | Zaporozhets | 1960–1994 | 3,422,444.[94] |
Defunct brands
[edit]Brand | Image | Automobile | Production | Units sold & notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
American Motors | AMC Hornet | 1970–1977 | Approximately 860,000.[53][54] | |
Autobianchi | Autobianchi A112 | 1969–1986 | 1,254,178.[95] | |
Checker | Checker Marathon | 1961–1982 | 10,559 not counting taxicabs and private sales for 1961–63, 1976 and 1980–82 (private sales for 1961–62, 1976 and 1980–82 are unknown).[53][54] | |
Continental | Continental Mark II | 1956–1957 | 3,012 (only car produced by the short lived Continental division of the Ford Motor Company).[53] | |
Crosley | Crosley | 1939–1942 1946–1949 |
62,210 before introduction of series names in 1950 (does not include 1949 Hot Shot).[53][96] | |
DeSoto | DeSoto Custom | 1939–1942 1946–1952 |
Approximately 570,000.[53][96] | |
Eagle | Eagle Talon | 1990–1998 | Approximately 200,000.[97] | |
Edsel | Edsel Ranger | 1958–1960 | 50,803.[53] | |
Excalibur | Excalibur Series II | 1970–1982 | 2,230.[98] | |
Facel | Facellia | 1960–1964 | 1,500[99] | |
Frazer | Frazer Standard | 1947–1951 | Approximately 90,000.[53] | |
FSO | FSO 125p | 1967–1991 | 1,445,699[100] | |
Hudson | Hudson Super Six | 1916–1928 1933 1940–1942 1946–1951 |
Approximately 600,000 not counting 1916–17 and 1940–42. (Production for 1916–17 and 1940–42 is unknown but a reasonable guess is about 80,000.)[53][96] | |
Imperial | Imperial Crown | 1957–1970 | Approximately 127,000.[53] | |
Kaiser | Kaiser Deluxe | 1949–1953 | Approximately 130,000.[53] | |
Mercury | Mercury Cougar | 1967–1997
1999–2002 |
2,972,784, excludes Ford Cougar sold in Europe and Australia. | |
Messerschmitt | Messerschmitt KR200 | 1955–1964 | 30,286 | |
Metropolitan | Metropolitan | 1958–1961 | 55,215 as a separate marque under AMC.[101] | |
Nash | Nash Statesman | 1950–1956 | Approximately 340,000.[53] | |
Oldsmobile | Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme | 1961–1999 | 11,900,000 across several platforms and generations.[102] | |
Packard | Packard Eight | 1933–1936 1938 1942 1948–1950 |
Approximately 250,000.[53][96] | |
Peel | Peel Trident | 1965–1966 | 82 in a single generation.[103] | |
Plymouth | Plymouth Fury | 1959–1978 | Approximately 3,680,000 (counting VIPs, but not counting 1959 and 1962 Sport Furys and 1975–77 Gran Furys).[53][54] | |
Pontiac | Pontiac Grand Am | 1973–1975, 1978–1980, 1985–2005 | Over 4,000,000. | |
Rambler | Rambler Classic | 1961–1966 | Approximately 1,460,000 (including those produced in 1966 under AMC).[53][54] | |
Saab | Saab 900 | 1978–1993 | 908,810.[104] in the first generation. | |
Saturn | Saturn S-Series | 1991–2002 | Approximately 2,210,000 not counting 2002 (sales of 2002 are unknown).[105] | |
Simca | Simca 1100 | 1967–1982 | 2,139,400, figures include a small number of complete knock down (CKD) kits and commercial versions.[106] | |
Studebaker | Studebaker Champion | 1939–1942 1946–1958 |
Approximately 1,320,000.[53][96] | |
Trabant | Trabant 601 | 1957–1991 | Over 3,000,000.[107] | |
Willys | Willys 77 | 1933–1936 | Approximately 68,000.[108] | |
Zastava | Zastava 101 | 1971-2008 | 1,045,458 |
Class bestsellers
[edit]Class | Image | Automobile | Production | Units sold | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All-electric car | Tesla Model Y | 2020–present | 2,160,000 up to December 2023[91] | Became the first electric vehicle to be the world's bestselling car in 2023.[109] | |
Full-size car | Chevrolet Impala | 1958–1985 1994–1996 2000–2020 |
Over 13,000,000 between its introduction and 1996.[55] | The bestselling car in America in a single year, with 1,046,514 sold in 1965 including the Impala SS.[53] | |
Hybrid electric vehicle | Toyota Prius | 1997–present | 5,000,000 in four generations up to September 2022.[110] Combined sales of the Prius family nameplate totaled over 6,000,000 units in January 2017.[111] |
The world's all-time best selling hybrid electric vehicle.[112] | |
Hydrogen fuel cell car | Toyota Mirai | 2015–present | 26,260 units sold by early 2024 in the United States, Japan, some European markets and the United Arab Emirates.[113] | ||
Pickup truck | Ford F-Series | 1948–present | Over 34,000,000 America's bestselling vehicle for 28 consecutive years;[60] 33,900,000 in 12 generations to May 2010.[60] | World's bestselling truck for 43 consecutive years.[114] | |
Plug-in hybrid | BYD Song DM SUV series | 2017–present | Over 1,050,000 in December 2023 since inception.[115][116][117] | The world's all-time best-selling plug-in hybrid car. It surpassed the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV in 2021. | |
Full-size luxury car | Cadillac De Ville | 1959–2005 | Approximately 3,870,000 excluding early Series 62 hardtops, 1981–1988, 1991–93, and 2000–05. (Total production for 1981–1988, 1991–93 and 2000–05 is unknown but a good guess is over 1,300,000.)[53][54] | ||
Racing car | Porsche 911 GT3 Cup | 1990–present | 5,000th on November 28, 2022.[118][119] | Also accounting for the 911 Carrera Cup produced between 1990 through to 1997. PistonHeads claimed sales went back to the introduction of the GT3 in 1998.[120][121] | |
Formula racing car | Tatuus FR2000 | 2000–2007 | Approximately 930 chassis.[89][90] | ||
Rotary engined car | Mazda RX-7 | 1978–2002 | 811,634 in three generations to 2005.[122] | ||
Single-cylinder car | Iso/BMW/VELAM/Romi Isetta | 1953–1961 | 161,728 in all variations[123] | ||
Four-seat sports car (Pony car) |
Ford Mustang | 1964–present | 10,000,000 in six generations up to 2018.[124] | ||
Two-seat coupe Sports car | Nissan Z-cars | 1969–1999 2003–present |
1,535,000 in five generations up to 2005.[125] | ||
Two-seat convertible sports car | Mazda MX-5 | 1989–present | Over 940,000 in the first two generations to June 2014.[126] | Verified by the Guinness Book of Records as the bestselling two-seater, convertible (open top) sports car in history.[126] | |
Van | Volkswagen Type 2 (Transporter) | 1950–present | Over 12,000,000 in six generations to August 2015[127] | Best-selling van nameplate of all-time.[127] Second-generation T2 sold for 46 years (1967–2013), longest production run of any van and second-longest production of any Volkswagen (except for Type 1 Beetle). |
Fastest-selling
[edit]Class | Image | Automobile | Production | Units sold | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any car | Baojun 510 | 2017–present | 416,883 sold in its first 12 months in the market.[49] | February 2017 – January 2018 | |
Ford Fairmont | 1977–1983 | Previous record holder, 405,780 sold in its first 12 months in the market.[49] | 1978 | ||
All-electric car | BYD Seagull | 2023–present | 364,986 sold in its first 12 months in the market.[128][129] | April 2023 – March 2024 | |
Wuling Hongguang Mini EV | 2020–present | Previous record holder, 328,929 sold in its first 12 months in the market.[130][131] | August 2020 – July 2021 |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Twenty million built and still going strong", Bill Vance, Carguide
- ^ a b c d "A Quick Look Back on the Corolla's 55-Year History with Over 50 Million Customers". Toyota Times. August 13, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
- ^ a b "The 21,529,464th, and Last, Beetle", The New York Times, July 31, 2003
- ^ "Top 5 Best-Selling Cars Ever" Archived February 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Timeforkids.com, January 23, 1998
- ^ " Toyota Corolla", John Pearley Huffman, Edmunds.com, January 5, 2003
- ^ "Toyota Corolla: The World's Favourite Car", Sean O'Grady, The Independent, September 25, 2006
- ^ "2023 Toyota Corolla: Australian updates previewed in Europe". CarExpert. June 3, 2022. Retrieved August 25, 2022.
- ^ a b "Ford Nameplates Join Five Million Club" Archived October 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Mike O'Neill, Ford Motor Company press release, May 5, 2004
- ^ "Lada 2107 production ceases after more than 40 years". April 17, 2012.
- ^ "Lada "Classic" production ends". Drive. Retrieved August 18, 2022.
- ^ "History of Ford Australia's large car", Car Sales, September 9, 2016
- ^ CORPORATION, TOYOTA MOTOR. "Hilux by the Numbers | HISTORY | Hilux 50th Anniversary Special Website | Exclusive Product Stories | Toyota Brand | Mobility". Toyota Motor Corporation Official Global Website. Retrieved August 25, 2022.
- ^ "Bangladesh Automobile Industry: Current Trends and Future". Business Inspection BD. September 6, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ "The most popular car models in Bangladesh". unb.com.bd. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
- ^ a b The Volkswagen Golf is not to be confused with Volkswagen Gol.
- ^ "Este é o último VW Gol de 8,5 milhões que a marca fez no Brasil". December 24, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
- ^ "车型销量排行榜-车型销量" (in Chinese). Drivers' Home. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
- ^ a b "The new Škoda Octavia". Škoda Auto. Archived from the original on May 19, 2010.
- ^ a b "Renault’s New Clio III"; GreenCarCongress.com, June 26, 2005
- ^ "Volkswagen Rabbit Springs into New York – Just in Time for Easter" Archived February 4, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, VW.com, April 10, 2006
- ^ "Only 1 car in India has ever sold 5 million units, it's not i10, Swift or WagonR". April 28, 2024.
- ^ Dio Dananjaya (December 12, 2019). Azwar Ferdian (ed.). "Rayakan Hari Jadi, Toyota Avanza Telah Laku 1,8 Juta Unit" [Celebrating Birthday, the Avanza Has Been Sold 1.8 Million Units]. Kompas (in Indonesian). Indonesia. Retrieved September 22, 2020.
- ^ Kurniawan, Ruly (January 16, 2022). Azwar Ferdian (ed.). "Penjualan Meroket, Toyota Avanza Kembali Jadi Raja Low MPV" [Sales Skyrocketed, The Toyota Avanza Became The King of Low MPV Again]. Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Indonesia: Kompas Gramedia. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
- ^ Andrianto, Robertus (January 14, 2022). "Ini Mobil Terlaris 2021! Kamu Beli Juga?" [This is the Best Selling Car of 2021! You Buy Too?]. CNBC Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved January 14, 2022.
- ^ Rahadiansyah, Rangga (January 17, 2023). "Honda Brio Salip Avanza di Lap Terakhir, Ini 20 Mobil Terlaris 2022" [Honda Brio Overtakes Avanza on the Last Lap, These Are 20 Best Selling Cars of 2022]. Detik Oto (in Indonesian). Indonesia: Transmedia. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
- ^ "10 Mobil Terlaris 2023" [10 Best Selling Car in 2023]. CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian). Indonesia: Transmedia. January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ Varvelli, Riccardo; Varvelli, Maria Ludovica (2009). Marchionne, la Fiat e gli altri. Milan: Il Sole 24 Ore. p. 167. ISBN 978-88-6345-103-0.
- ^ "PROTON - PROTON LAUNCHES THE NEW 2022 SAGA". August 18, 2022. Archived from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ "44". Models. Classic Daf. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 24, 2007.
- ^ "Wiki 126p", Wiki 126p article, February 2, 2013
- ^ "Fiat 126 – krótka historia". Motofakty.pl. October 12, 2000. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
- ^ "Peste un milion de maşini Dacia, achiziţionate înainte de 1990, sunt încă în circulaţie". zf.ro. March 11, 2013.
- ^ http://www.automobileromanesti.ro/images/mari/Dacia/dacia-1959730.jpg [bare URL image file]
- ^ a b "SEAT Ibiza, a 25 year success story" Archived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, SEAT.com, May 7, 2009
- ^ a b Volvo Car Production Statistics Archived August 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Volvo Owners' Club
- ^ http://www.radikal.com.tr/ekonomi/70_ulke_arasinda_en_cok_renault_symbol_turkiyede_satiliyor-899069 ; radikal.com.tr, National newspaper, June 26, 2008
- ^ http://www.internethaber.com/fluence-symbol-otomobil-tarih-uretim--402362h.htm ; internethaber.com, National newspaper, July 26, 2013
- ^ " Mini: The world's favourite small car?" Archived October 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Ian Nicholls, Austin-Rover.co.uk, October 27, 2005
- ^ a b Bruce, Chris (January 27, 2022). "Ford Just Built Its 40-Millionth F-Series Pickup Truck". Motor1.com. US: Motor1. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
- ^ "History of Alfasud". Carsfromitaly.net. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
- ^ "2022 sales results: Alpine increases the pace again". Newsroom Alpine. January 18, 2023. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
- ^ Padeanu, Adrian (January 17, 2024). "Alpine Sold Over 4,000 Sports Cars In 2023". Motor1.
- ^ "Aston Martin Lagonda 2020 Annual Report" (PDF). Aston Martin Lagonda. p. 29.
- ^ "Aston Martin Lagonda Annual Report And Accounts 2021" (PDF). Aston Martin Lagonda. p. 78.
- ^ "Aston Martin Lagonda Annual Report And Accounts 2022" (PDF). Aston Martin Lagonda. p. 48.
- ^ "Aston Martin Lagonda Annual Report And Accounts 2023" (PDF). Aston Martin Lagonda. p. 39.
- ^ magazine, C. A. R. (May 8, 2019). "Audi A4 turns 25! Here's how many have been sold worldwide..." CAR Magazine. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
- ^ "Baojun 510 China auto sales figures". carsalesbase.com. March 14, 2017. Archived from the original on May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
- ^ a b c Gasnier, Matt (May 17, 2018). "China 2018 Test Drives: Baojun 510". Best Selling Cars Blog. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
- ^ Buick LeSabre, Edmunds.com, 2005
- ^ Bugatti. "Bugatti Models". Bugatti. Archived from the original on September 21, 2014. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ "BYD F3 - Sales in China". www.chinamobil.ru. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Kowalke, Ron (1997). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946–1975. Krause publications. ISBN 0-87341-521-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Flammang, James Standard Catalog of American Cars 1976–1999 3rd Edition (Iola, WI: Krause Publications, Inc 1999)
- ^ a b "American Car Profile" Archived March 31, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Marit Anne Peterson, SportsCarMarket.com, August 2006
- ^ Overview of Citroën 2CV Archived July 3, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Motorbase.com
- ^ "Yesterday:The Pantera". autorants.com/. Archived from the original on January 20, 2016. Retrieved January 5, 2016.
- ^ "All-Aluminum Ferrari F430 To Replace 360 Modena" Archived February 15, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, Aluminium Now, Vol. 6, no.6, November/December 2004
- ^ "Positive Results for Ford, Fiat", Barbara McClellan, Ward's AutoWorld, May 23, 2005
- ^ a b c http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/news/autoexpressnews/252037/five_topselling_cars_in_the_world.html , Auto Express Magazine, May 2010
- ^ "Haval H6 - Sales in China". www.chinamobil.ru. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ "Importer plans soft top Indian car", BBC News, August 5, 2004
- ^ "GM Holden Launches Production of New Commodore Range" Archived July 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Alan Harman, Ward's AutoWorld, July 19, 2006
- ^ "Honda Unveils Next-Generation Civic Five-Door". hondanews.eu. Retrieved June 11, 2022.
- ^ "It's End Of The Line For The Hyundai Sonata". CarGuide.PH | Philippine Car News, Car Reviews, Car Prices. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
- ^ "2005 Jaguar XJS Supercharged V8 Review". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
- ^ "Jeep Cherokee(XJ) 1984 to 2001" Archived March 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, XJFreak.com website
- ^ "The Koenigsegg Jesko has already sold out". Top Gear. March 20, 2019. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
- ^ a b "Sentra: One of the Best Selling Cars in Automotive History" Archived December 2, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, Nissan Philippines website press release
- ^ "Lamborghini Urus scores new production record". Lamborghini.com. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
- ^ "5 million vehicles assembly in Fiat Melfi's plant". Omniauto.it. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
- ^ "Emission rules to end Land Rover Defender production". BBC News. October 8, 2013. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ Town Car sales figures (1994–2005), Forbes, July 17, 2006
- ^ Silvestro, Brian (December 22, 2021). "The Lotus Elise, Exige, and Evora Have Finally Ended Production". Road And Track.
- ^ "Lost Cars of the 1980s – Maserati Biturbo | Hemmings Daily". blog.hemmings.com. Archived from the original on October 22, 2013.
- ^ "MAZDA:1990–1999 | History", Mazda.com
- ^ " Mercedes-Benz passes 25 million passenger cars" Archived February 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, MotorAuthority.com, November 15, 2006
- ^ "All new 2008 Lancer" Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, AllnewLancer.ca
- ^ , September 28, 2007
- ^ Gasnier, Matt (January 16, 1999). "World 1998: GM Corsa the best-selling car in the world". Best Selling Cars Blog. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
- ^ "4.5 million Perodua Vehicles Registered Since 1994 To June 2023 - Auto News - Caricarz". Caricarz - Car buying at its easiest!. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ "La Peugeot 206 fête ses 20 ans : retour sur une icône de la Marque". www.peugeot.fr (in French). Retrieved January 16, 2019.
- ^ "This Is the One Millionth Porsche 911". Road & Track. May 11, 2017. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
- ^ The Rolls-Royce Motor Car. Anthony Bird and Ian Hallows. Batsford Books. 2002 ISBN 0-7134-8749-6
- ^ "New Vehicle Generation Provides Foundation for Growth 2015". Daimler.com, January 5, 2015. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
- ^ damon lowney (July 18, 2013). "Smart celebrates 1.5 million Fortwo models built, prepares to upgrade factory". Autoblog. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ Nunez, Alex (January 11, 2009). "Subaru Introduction of 2009 Legacy Concept vehicle". Autoblog.com. Retrieved November 11, 2010.
- ^ "Legacy production reaches three million" Archived February 5, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Subaru press release, March 15, 2005
- ^ a b "2000 Tatuus Formula Renault - Kimi Raikkonen Championship Winning Car". silverstoneauctions.com. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
- ^ a b "History: Tatuus brief presentation cars produced and current markets". Tatuus. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
- ^ a b Stelle, Laurelle (December 15, 2023). "Tesla achieves yet another 'record-breaking' milestone for EVs: 'Good luck to anyone who tries to catch it'". The Cool Down. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ "Golf turns 45 – On 29 March 1974, Volkswagen started making Europe's most successful car". Volkswagen Newsroom. Retrieved June 11, 2022.
- ^ "The Glorious Seven". Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
- ^ "ZAZ" Archived January 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Motorbase.com
- ^ "The Autobianchi information site". The Etceterini pages at CarsFromItaly.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2005. Retrieved August 3, 2006. (accessed via the Wayback Machine)
- ^ a b c d e Kimes, Beverly (1996). standard catalog of American Cars 1805–1942. Krause publications. ISBN 0-87341-428-4.
- ^ Flammang, James (1999). Standard Catalog of American Cars 1976–1999. Krause publications. ISBN 0-87341-755-0.
- ^ Flammang, James (1999). 100 Years of the American Auto: Millennium Edition. Publications International. ISBN 0-7853-3484-X.
- ^ "The Facel Vega: Chrysler-powered luxury from France". Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ Zbigniew Boniecki: ...Jest u nas fabryka w Warszawie. Opowieść o FSO (1948) 1951-1996. Warszawa: Daewoo-FSO Motor sp. z o.o, 1999, s. 156. ISBN 83-909310-0-1.
- ^ Nash Metropolitan
- ^ "Final Cutlass Produced", Autointell.net, June 7, 1999
- ^ "1966 Peel Trident". RM Sotheby's. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ "Saab Reaches Four Million Production Milestone", Carpages.co.uk, June 27, 2005
- ^ Saturn S-Series
- ^ "Development of Simca 1100 cars". Rootes-Chrysler.co.uk. Retrieved August 10, 2006.
- ^ "Trabant Canada". Trabant.ca. Archived from the original on October 25, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
- ^ [cite web|url=http://clubs.hemmings.com/clubsites/wokr/gallery/wil_hist.htm%7Caccessdate=February[permanent dead link] 20, 2012]
- ^ Berg, Nik (January 26, 2024). "World's Best-Selling Car Is the Tesla Model Y". Hagerty Media. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
- ^ "World Premiere of All-New Prius in Japan" (Press release). Toyota Global. November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
- ^ "Worldwide Sales of Toyota Hybrids Surpass 10 Million Units" (Press release). Toyota City, Japan: Toyota. February 14, 2017. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
- ^ "Toyota starts sales of 4th generation Prius". Business Insider. Associated Press. December 9, 2015. Archived from the original on June 29, 2020. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
- ^ CORPORATION, TOYOTA MOTOR. "Sales, Production, and Export Results for the First Half (April-September) of FY2024 | Sales, Production, and Export Results | Profile | Company". Toyota Motor Corporation Official Global Website. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
- ^ "F-SERIES HITS 43RD STRAIGHT YEAR AS AMERICA’S BEST-SELLING PICKUP", Ford Motor Company press release, January 6, 2020
- ^ "BYD Song Pro DM - Sales in China". www.chinamobil.ru. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ "2021年全球新能源乘用车销量榜:冠亚军分别是特斯拉、比亚迪、上汽通用五菱-华夏EV网". www.evinchina.com. Retrieved April 30, 2024.
- ^ "【易车销量榜】全国2023年插电混动批发量销量榜-易车榜-易车". car.yiche.com. Retrieved January 21, 2024.
- ^ "Porsche 911 GT3 R & Porsche 911 GT3 Cup – driving Stuttgart's track-only racers back-to-back". evo. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
- ^ Hub, Porsche Motorsport. "5,000 Cup vehicles – a unique success story. | Porsche Motorsport Hub". motorsports.porsche.com. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
- ^ "Cars – GT3 Cup Challenge Great Britain". Porsche. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
- ^ "Porsche's New GT3 RS Cup Racer". www.pistonheads.com. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
- ^ Mazda RX-8 and Rotary Community » Mazda Rotary Engine History Archived February 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Isetta: Ein Auto bewegt die Welt"(Authors = Andy Schwietzer & Manfred Seehusen)
- ^ Ford Mustang#Sales
- ^ "Nissan 350Z Passes 1.5 Million in Sales; Enhanced for 2006 Model Year", TheAutoChannel.com, August 15, 2005
- ^ a b Guinness World Records 2015: Cars. Guinness. 2014. ISBN 9781908843708. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
- ^ a b "Top 20 best-selling vans of all time". Parkers. Retrieved February 14, 2016.
- ^ "2023年12月小型轿车销量排行榜_平行线车网". m.pxx88.com. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
- ^ "2024年3月小型轿车销量排行榜_平行线车网". m.pxx88.com. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
- ^ "2020年8月微型轿车销量排行榜_平行线车网". m.pxx88.com. Retrieved May 2, 2024.
- ^ "2021年7月微型轿车销量排行榜_平行线车网". m.pxx88.com. Retrieved May 2, 2024.