Mene

Mene; Temporal range: 58.7–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Thanetian to Present
	Mene maculata
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Carangiformes
Family:	Menidae; Fitzinger, 1873
Genus:	Mene; Lacépède, 1803
Species
	Mene maculata; †Mene rhombea; †Mene purdyi; †Mene oblonga; †Mene phosphatica; †Mene triangulum; †Mene novaehispaniae; †?Mene kapurdiensis;
Synonyms
	Meneus Rafinesque, 1815; Gasteronemus Agassiz, 1833;

The moonfish of the genus Mene, the sole extant genus of the family Menidae, are disk-shaped fish which bear a vague resemblance to gourami, thanks to their thread-like pelvic fins. Today, the genus is represented only by Mene maculata of the Indo-Pacific, where it is a popular food fish, especially in the Philippines, where it is known as bilong-bilong, chabita, hiwas or tahas.^[2]

As a genus, Mene has a long fossil history, with species found in marine sediments throughout the Cenozoic Era.^[3] The earliest accepted species, M. purdyi from the Paleocene of Peru, resemble later species, such as M. rhombea of the Monte Bolca lagerstätte, and even the living species, M. maculata. Experts remain undecided whether the Tunisian species, M. phosphatica is from the Lower Paleocene, thus making it older than M. purdyi, or whether it is from the Ypresian epoch of the Eocene. Almost all of the species are known primarily from the Paleogene; the Neogene record is rather sparse, if not totally nonexistent, with some otoliths found in Miocene strata, and no whole or even partial specimens known from Pliocene or Pleistocene strata.

The first species of the genus to be described was not the extant M. maculata, but rather the extinct fossil species Mene rhombea; however, M. rhombea was not initially classified in Mene, with the genus name being coined for the extant species.

Anatomical and recent molecular studies strongly suggest a relationship with the pomfrets, dolphinfishes, remoras and the jacks in the order Carangiformes.^[4]

Mene sp, from Fur Formation, Denmark
Mene rhombea, from Bolca
Mene oblonga and Mene rhombea restorations

Timeline

References

^ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2007-12-25.
^ Small-scale fisheries of San Miguel Bay, Philippines: options for management and research. ISBN 971-10-2208-7.
^ Matt Friedman, and G. David Johnson. “A New Species of Mene (Perciformes: Menidae) from the Paleocene of South America, with Notes on Paleoenvironment and a Brief Review of Menid Fishes.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, pp. 770–83. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4524505.
^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 380. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.

External links

"A new species of Mene (Perciformes: Menidae) from the Paleocene of South America, with notes on paleoenvironment and a brief review of menid fishes."

[1] Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2007-12-25.

[2] Small-scale fisheries of San Miguel Bay, Philippines: options for management and research. ISBN 971-10-2208-7.

[3] Matt Friedman, and G. David Johnson. “A New Species of Mene (Perciformes: Menidae) from the Paleocene of South America, with Notes on Paleoenvironment and a Brief Review of Menid Fishes.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 25, no. 4, 2005, pp. 770–83. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4524505.

[Nelson5-4] J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 380. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.

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