Streptomyces hygroscopicus
| Streptomyces hygroscopicus | |
|---|---|
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| Streptomyces hygroscopicus colonies | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Streptomycetales |
| Family: | Streptomycetaceae |
| Genus: | Streptomyces |
| Species: | S. hygroscopicus
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| Binomial name | |
| Streptomyces hygroscopicus (Jensen, 1931) Yüntsen et al., 1956 [1]
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| Subspecies | |
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Streptomyces hygroscopicus is a bacterial species in the genus Streptomyces. It was first described by Hans Laurits Jensen in 1931.[3]
Biochemistry
[edit]Cultures of different strains of S. hygroscopicus can be used to produce several chemical compounds or enzymes.
Small molecules
[edit]Immunosuppressants
[edit]Sirolimus (also known as rapamycin) is an antifungal and immunosuppressant that has been isolated from S. hygroscopicus from soil samples from Easter Island.[4] Ascomycin is another immunosuppressant produced by some strains of S. hygroscopicus; it has a similar structure to sirolimus and can be used to treat autoimmune diseases and skin diseases and can help prevent rejection after an organ transplant.
Antibiotics
[edit]The antibiotics geldanamycin, hygromycin B, nigericin, validamycin, and cyclothiazomycin are found in S. hygroscopicus.
Experimental cancer drugs
[edit]Indolocarbazoles can be found in S. hygroscopicus .
Anthelmintics and insecticides
[edit]Milbemycin and milbemycin oxime can be found in S. hygroscopicus cultures.
Herbicide
[edit]S. hygroscopicus also produces the natural herbicide bialaphos.[5]
Enzymes
[edit]The enzymes alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (GDP-forming), carboxyvinyl-carboxyphosphonate phosphorylmutase, and hygromycin-B kinase can be isolated from cultures of S. hygroscopicus.
References
[edit]- ^ Page Streptomyces file 2 (File 2: Streptomyces felleus - Streptomyces mutomycini) on Bacterio.net. Retrieved 12 December 2015
- ^ Streptomyces hygroscopicus on biocyc.org
- ^ Jensen, HL (1931). "Contributions to our knowledge of the Actinomycetales. II. The definition and subdivision of the genus Actinomyces, with a preliminary account of Australian soil Actinomycetes". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 56: 345–370.
- ^ Vézina C, Kudelski A, Sehgal SN (October 1975). "Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic". Journal of Antibiotics. 28 (10): 721–6. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.28.721. PMID 1102508.
- ^ Murakami, Takeshi; Anzai, Hiroyuki; Imai, Satoshi; Satoh, Atsuyuki; Nagaoka, Kozo; Thompson, Charles J. (October 1986). "The bialaphos biosynthetic genes of Streptomyces hygroscopicus: Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene cluster". Molecular and General Genetics. 205 (1): 42–53. doi:10.1007/BF02428031. S2CID 32983239.
External links
[edit]
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