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Ung County

Coordinates: 48°37′N 22°18′E / 48.617°N 22.300°E / 48.617; 22.300
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Ung County
Comitatus Unghvariensis (Latin)
Ung vármegye (Hungarian)
Komitat Ung (German)
Ужаньска жупа (Rusyn)
Užská župa (Slovak)
Comitatul Ung (Romanian)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(11th century-1544)
County of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom
(1544-1564)
County of the Kingdom of Hungary
(1564-1920, 1938-1945)
Coat of arms of Ung
Coat of arms

CapitalUngvár (now Uzhhorod)
Area
 • Coordinates48°37′N 22°18′E / 48.617°N 22.300°E / 48.617; 22.300
 
• 1910
3,230 km2 (1,250 sq mi)
Population 
• 1910
162,089
History 
• Established
11th century
• Treaty of Trianon
4 June 1920
• Merged into Szabolcs-Ung County
1923
• County recreated (First Vienna Award)
2 November 1938
• Disestablished
1945
Today part ofUkraine
(2,795 km2)

Slovakia
(419 km2)

Hungary
(16 km2)

Ung County (in Latin: comitatus Unghvariensis; Hungarian: Ung (vár)megye; also in Slovak: Užský komitát/ Užská župa / Užská stolica; Romanian: Comitatul Ung) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now mostly in western Ukraine, a smaller part in eastern Slovakia, and a very small area in Hungary.

Geography

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Map of Ung county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)
Map of Ung, 1891.

Ung county shared borders with the Austrian crownland Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Bereg, Szabolcs and Zemplén. It was situated between the Carpathian Mountains in the north, the rivers Tisza and Latorca (present-day Latorica) in the south, and the river Laborc (present-day Laborec) in the west. The rivers Latorca and Ung (present-day Uzh) flowed through the county. Its area was 3230 km² around 1910.

Capitals

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Initially, the capital of the county was the Uzhhorod Castle (Hungarian: Ungvári vár), later the town of Ungvár (present-day Uzhhorod).

History

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Ung is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. In the aftermath of World War I, most of Ung county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. The town of Záhony and the village of Győröcske remained in Hungary, which was merged into Szabolcs-Ung County in 1923.

Following the provisions of the First Vienna Award, all but the westernmost part of the county became part of Hungary again in November 1938, and the county was recreated. In 1939, following the annexation of the remainder of Carpathian Ruthenia after Czechoslovakia became abolished, the rest of the territories became part of Hungary again, however those were assigned to the administrative branch offices of Ung.

After World War II, as the 1920 borders were restored, the westernmost part was returned to Czechoslovakia. The rest (except Záhony and Győröcske) became part of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian SSR, Zakarpattia Oblast, while a small part remained in Hungary.

Demographics

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Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).
Population by mother tongue[a]
Census Total Ruthenian Hungarian Slovak German Other or unknown
1880[1] 126,707 42,095 (34.25%) 39,479 (32.12%) 36,920 (30.04%) 3,614 (2.94%) 795 (0.65%)
1890[2] 135,247 46,521 (34.40%) 37,182 (27.49%) 40,035 (29.60%) 10,318 (7.63%) 1,191 (0.88%)
1900[3] 153,266 55,742 (36.37%) 46,306 (30.21%) 42,876 (27.97%) 7,099 (4.63%) 1,243 (0.81%)
1910[4] 162,089 61,711 (38.07%) 53,824 (33.21%) 36,364 (22.43%) 8,383 (5.17%) 1,807 (1.11%)
Population by religion[b]
Census Total Greek Catholic Roman Catholic Calvinist Jewish Other or unknown
1880 126,707 65,128 (51.40%) 27,466 (21.68%) 17,238 (13.60%) 16,423 (12.96%) 452 (0.36%)
1890 135,247 72,190 (53.38%) 28,836 (21.32%) 18,056 (13.35%) 15,599 (11.53%) 566 (0.42%)
1900 153,266 83,936 (54.76%) 32,904 (21.47%) 19,003 (12.40%) 16,776 (10.95%) 647 (0.42%)
1910 162,089 89,149 (55.00%) 34,549 (21.31%) 20,092 (12.40%) 17,587 (10.85%) 712 (0.44%)

Nowadays, some Romanians living in the area of Poroshkovo also inhabit the area of Ung. They are known as volohi in Romanian.[5]

Subdivisions

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In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Ung county were:

Districts (járás)
District Capital
  Nagyberezna Nagyberezna (now Velykyi Bereznyi)
  Nagykapos Nagykapos (now Veľké Kapušany)
  Perecseny Perecseny (now Perechyn)
  Szerednye Szerednye (now Serednye)
  Szobránc Szobránc (now Sobrance)
  Ungvár Ungvár (now Uzhhorod)
Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város)
  Ungvár (now Uzhhorod)

The towns of Veľké Kapušany and Sobrance are now in Slovakia; the other towns mentioned are in Ukraine.

Notes

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  1. ^ Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.
  2. ^ Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.

References

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  1. ^ "Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
  2. ^ "A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
  3. ^ "A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
  4. ^ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
  5. ^ Peiu, Petrisor (February 2, 2020). "Și ei sunt români. Și ei sunt ai noștri. Și ei au nevoie de România". Ziare.com (in Romanian).