2012 United States presidential election in New York
![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 59.2% (![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Elections in New York State |
---|
![]() |
The 2012 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Voters chose 29 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan.
Barack Obama carried the state of New York by a landslide margin, winning 63.35% of the vote to Mitt Romney's 35.17%.[1] As in previous elections, the Democratic ticket easily won, for the most part due to racking up very large margins in New York City (which in and of itself makes up 42.2% of the state's population) and its metropolitan area. The city alone garnered Obama 1,995,241 votes (or 81.19% of the vote in the city), including Staten Island (Richmond County), which he had failed to carry in 2008. Putnam County, which McCain won in 2008, was the only county in the NYC metropolitan area that Obama lost to Romney. The rest of his votes mostly came from Albany, Buffalo, Ithaca, Rochester, Syracuse, and their respective metropolitan areas, giving him a solid 28.18% lead over Romney. Obama even won in many rural counties. The Republicans won only in some rural parts of upstate and western New York.
New York was 1 of only 6 states to swing in President Obama's favor from 2008 to 2012, giving him the largest percentage of the vote for any presidential candidate in the state since 1964 and the second largest Democratic vote share in the state in history (as well as third most in the state's entire history, behind William Harding in 1920 as well). Similar to New Jersey, some news outlets, such as the New York Times, have proposed that Obama's improved performance in these states – as opposed to worsened performances in areas like the Rust Belt – was due to his handling of Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29.[2] Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg, a Republican-turned-Independent, endorsed Obama due to the federal government's handling of the hurricane.[3]
As of the 2020 presidential election, this is the last time the Democratic nominee won the following counties: Cayuga, Cortland, Franklin, Madison, Niagara, Orange, Oswego, Otsego, Richmond (Staten Island), Seneca, St. Lawrence, Suffolk, Sullivan, Warren, and Washington. This is also the last presidential election in New York in which the Democratic nominee won more counties than the Republican nominee. In subsequent elections, despite Republicans winning more counties, they have been unable to break through the huge Democratic advantage in New York City and its suburbs, ensuring that the state has remained solidly blue.
Primary elections
[edit]Democratic primary
[edit]Incumbent President Barack Obama ran uncontested in the Democratic primary, and it was therefore cancelled.[4]
Republican primary
[edit]![]() | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() Results by county
Romney: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% (Note: Italicization indicates a withdrawn candidacy) |
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Projected delegate count | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AP | CNN |
FOX | |||
![]() |
118,912 | 62.42% | 92 | 92 | |
Ron Paul | 27,699 | 14.54% | 0 | 0 | |
Newt Gingrich | 23,990 | 12.59% | 1 | 0 | |
Rick Santorum (withdrawn) | 18,997 | 9.97% | 0 | 0 | |
Blank | 810 | 0.43% | 0 | 0 | |
Void | 106 | 0.06% | 0 | 0 | |
Scattering | 1 | 0.00% | 0 | 0 | |
Unprojected delegates: | 2 | 3 | 95 | ||
Total: | 190,515 | 100.00% | 95 | 95 | 95 |
The 2012 New York Republican presidential primary took place on April 24, 2012.[6][7]
By county, Romney won a plurality in every county, and a majority in all but six: Niagara, Cattaraugus, Wyoming, Orleans, Schuyler, Herkimer and Oswego.
Paul finished second in most counties. Santorum finished second in Otsego County. Gingrich finished second in two geographic areas: a cluster of counties in the Catskills and Hudson Valley (Orange, Rockland, Sullivan, and Westchester) and in most of the counties of Western New York (Allegany, Cattaraugus, Erie, Genesee, Niagara, and Wyoming), in addition to Herkimer and Oneida counties.[5] Gingrich's relative strength in Western New York, as well as in Herkimer, can be attributed to the continued popularity and efforts of Carl Paladino, who carried those counties in the previous gubernatorial election and campaigned on Gingrich's behalf. The majority of New York politicians had endorsed Romney while the primary election was still competitive.
General election
[edit]Candidate ballot access
[edit]- Mitt Romney/Paul Ryan, Republican
- Barack Obama/Joe Biden, Democratic
- Gary Johnson/Jim Gray, Libertarian
- Jill Stein/Cheri Honkala, Green
- Virgil Goode/Jim Clymer, Constitution
- Peta Lindsay/Yari Osorio, Party for Socialism and Liberation
Write-in candidate access:
Results
[edit]2012 United States presidential election in New York[8] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Running mate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
Democratic | Barack Obama | 4,337,622 | 61.25% | |||
Working Families | Barack Obama | 148,119 | 2.09% | |||
Total | Barack Obama (incumbent) | Joe Biden (incumbent) | 4,485,741 | 63.35% | 29 | |
Republican | Mitt Romney | 2,228,060 | 31.46% | |||
Conservative | Mitt Romney | 262,371 | 3.71% | |||
Total | Mitt Romney | Paul Ryan | 2,490,431 | 35.17% | 0 | |
Libertarian | Gary Johnson | Jim Gray | 47,256 | 0.67% | 0 | |
Green | Jill Stein | Cheri Honkala | 39,982 | 0.56% | 0 | |
Write-ins | Write-ins | 9,076 | 0.13% | 0 | ||
Constitution | Virgil Goode | Jim Clymer | 6,274 | 0.09% | 0 | |
Socialism and Liberation | Peta Lindsay | Yari Osorio | 2,050 | 0.03% | 0 | |
Justice (write-in) | Rocky Anderson (write-in) | Luis J. Rodriguez | 217 | <0.01% | 0 | |
Freedom Socialist (write-in) | Stephen Durham | Christina López | 34 | <0.01% | 0 | |
America's (write-in) | Tom Hoefling | J. D. Ellis | 34 | <0.01% | 0 | |
Socialist Workers (write-in) | James Harris | Maura DeLuca | 27 | <0.01% | 0 | |
Socialist Equality (write-in) | Jerry White | Phyllis Scherrer | 19 | <0.01% | 0 | |
Twelve Visions (write-in) | Jill Reed | Tom Cary | 12 | <0.01% | 0 | |
American Third Position (write-in) | Merlin Miller | Virginia Abernethy | 6 | <0.01% | 0 | |
Totals | 7,081,159 | 100.00% | 29 | |||
Voter Turnout (Registered) | 59.2% |
New York City results
[edit]2012 presidential election in New York City | Manhattan | The Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Total | |||
Democratic- Working Families |
Barack Obama | 502,674 | 339,211 | 604,443 | 470,732 | 78,181 | 1,995,241 | 81.19% | |
83.7% | 91.45% | 82.02% | 79.08% | 50.7% | |||||
Republican- Conservative |
Mitt Romney | 89,559 | 29,967 | 124,551 | 118,589 | 74,223 | 436,889 | 17.78% | |
14.92% | 8.08% | 16.9% | 19.9% | 48.14% | |||||
Green | Jill Stein | 3,241 | 648 | 3,616 | 2,121 | 457 | 10,083 | 0.4% | |
0.5% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.35% | 0.29% | |||||
Libertarian | Gary Johnson | 2,574 | 529 | 2,074 | 2,050 | 770 | 7,997 | 0.32% | |
0.69% | 0.07% | 0.3% | 0.34% | 0.49% | |||||
Others | Others | 2,243 | 583 | 2,298 | 1,753 | 549 | 7,426 | 0.29% | |
0.37% | 0.16% | 0.31% | 0.29% | 0.35% | |||||
TOTAL | 600,291 | 370,938 | 736,982 | 595,245 | 154,180 | 2,457,636 | 100.00% |
Results by county
[edit]County | Barack Obama Democratic |
Mitt Romney Republican |
Various candidates Other parties |
Margin | Total votes cast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
Albany | 87,556 | 64.49% | 45,064 | 33.19% | 3,147 | 2.32% | 42,492 | 31.30% | 135,767 |
Allegany | 6,139 | 36.21% | 10,390 | 61.29% | 424 | 2.50% | −4,251 | −25.08% | 16,953 |
Bronx | 339,211 | 91.45% | 29,967 | 8.08% | 1,760 | 0.47% | 309,244 | 83.37% | 370,938 |
Broome | 41,970 | 51.46% | 37,641 | 46.15% | 1,954 | 2.39% | 4,329 | 5.31% | 81,565 |
Cattaraugus | 12,649 | 42.49% | 16,569 | 55.66% | 549 | 1.85% | −3,920 | −13.17% | 29,767 |
Cayuga | 17,007 | 54.58% | 13,454 | 43.18% | 700 | 2.24% | 3,553 | 11.40% | 31,161 |
Chautauqua | 23,812 | 45.05% | 27,971 | 52.92% | 1,069 | 2.03% | −4,159 | −7.87% | 52,852 |
Chemung | 16,797 | 47.98% | 17,612 | 50.31% | 601 | 1.71% | −815 | −2.33% | 35,010 |
Chenango | 9,116 | 47.20% | 9,713 | 50.29% | 485 | 2.51% | −597 | −3.09% | 19,314 |
Clinton | 18,961 | 61.85% | 11,115 | 36.26% | 580 | 1.89% | 7,846 | 25.59% | 30,656 |
Columbia | 16,221 | 55.69% | 12,225 | 41.97% | 683 | 2.34% | 3,996 | 13.72% | 29,129 |
Cortland | 10,482 | 53.41% | 8,695 | 44.31% | 447 | 2.28% | 1,787 | 9.10% | 19,624 |
Delaware | 8,304 | 44.55% | 9,938 | 53.32% | 396 | 2.13% | −1,634 | −8.77% | 18,638 |
Dutchess | 65,312 | 52.80% | 56,025 | 45.29% | 2,368 | 1.91% | 9,287 | 7.51% | 123,705 |
Erie | 237,356 | 57.31% | 169,675 | 40.97% | 7,164 | 1.72% | 67,681 | 16.34% | 414,195 |
Essex | 9,784 | 58.53% | 6,647 | 39.76% | 286 | 1.71% | 3,137 | 18.77% | 16,717 |
Franklin | 9,894 | 62.09% | 5,740 | 36.02% | 300 | 1.89% | 4,154 | 26.07% | 15,934 |
Fulton | 8,607 | 43.47% | 10,814 | 54.62% | 378 | 1.91% | −2,207 | −11.15% | 19,799 |
Genesee | 9,601 | 38.80% | 14,607 | 59.03% | 538 | 2.17% | −5,006 | −20.23% | 24,746 |
Greene | 9,030 | 43.69% | 11,174 | 54.06% | 464 | 2.25% | −2,144 | −10.37% | 20,668 |
Hamilton | 1,128 | 36.24% | 1,932 | 62.06% | 53 | 1.70% | −804 | −25.82% | 3,113 |
Herkimer | 11,273 | 45.02% | 13,282 | 53.04% | 485 | 1.94% | −2,009 | −8.02% | 25,040 |
Jefferson | 17,099 | 47.89% | 18,122 | 50.75% | 487 | 1.36% | −1,023 | −2.86% | 35,708 |
Kings | 604,443 | 82.02% | 124,551 | 16.90% | 7,988 | 1.08% | 479,892 | 65.12% | 736,982 |
Lewis | 4,724 | 44.90% | 5,651 | 53.71% | 147 | 1.39% | −927 | −8.81% | 10,522 |
Livingston | 11,705 | 43.72% | 14,448 | 53.97% | 617 | 2.31% | −2,743 | −10.25% | 26,770 |
Madison | 13,871 | 49.37% | 13,622 | 48.49% | 601 | 2.14% | 249 | 0.88% | 28,094 |
Monroe | 193,501 | 57.97% | 133,362 | 39.95% | 6,950 | 2.08% | 60,139 | 18.02% | 333,813 |
Montgomery | 8,493 | 46.70% | 9,334 | 51.33% | 359 | 1.97% | −841 | −4.63% | 18,186 |
Nassau | 302,695 | 53.28% | 259,308 | 45.64% | 6,148 | 1.08% | 43,387 | 7.64% | 568,151 |
New York | 502,674 | 83.74% | 89,559 | 14.92% | 8,058 | 1.34% | 413,115 | 68.82% | 600,291 |
Niagara | 43,986 | 49.42% | 43,240 | 48.58% | 1,787 | 2.00% | 746 | 0.84% | 89,013 |
Oneida | 40,468 | 46.68% | 44,530 | 51.36% | 1,702 | 1.96% | −4,062 | −4.68% | 86,700 |
Onondaga | 122,254 | 59.72% | 78,831 | 38.51% | 3,632 | 1.77% | 43,423 | 21.21% | 204,717 |
Ontario | 23,087 | 48.25% | 23,820 | 49.78% | 946 | 1.97% | −733 | −1.53% | 47,853 |
Orange | 73,315 | 52.13% | 65,367 | 46.48% | 1,946 | 1.39% | 7,948 | 5.65% | 140,628 |
Orleans | 5,787 | 39.35% | 8,594 | 58.44% | 325 | 2.21% | −2,807 | −19.09% | 14,706 |
Oswego | 23,515 | 52.73% | 19,980 | 44.81% | 1,096 | 2.46% | 3,535 | 7.92% | 44,591 |
Otsego | 12,117 | 50.20% | 11,461 | 47.48% | 561 | 2.32% | 656 | 2.72% | 24,139 |
Putnam | 19,512 | 44.00% | 24,083 | 54.31% | 750 | 1.69% | −4,571 | −10.31% | 44,345 |
Queens | 470,732 | 79.08% | 118,589 | 19.92% | 5,924 | 1.00% | 352,143 | 59.16% | 595,245 |
Rensselaer | 37,408 | 54.96% | 29,113 | 42.77% | 1,540 | 2.27% | 8,295 | 12.19% | 68,061 |
Richmond | 78,181 | 50.71% | 74,223 | 48.14% | 1,776 | 1.15% | 3,958 | 2.57% | 154,180 |
Rockland | 65,793 | 52.78% | 57,428 | 46.07% | 1,424 | 1.15% | 8,365 | 6.71% | 124,645 |
Saratoga | 52,957 | 50.19% | 50,382 | 47.75% | 2,171 | 2.06% | 2,575 | 2.44% | 105,510 |
Schenectady | 36,844 | 56.74% | 26,568 | 40.92% | 1,521 | 2.34% | 10,276 | 15.82% | 64,933 |
Schoharie | 5,427 | 41.09% | 7,467 | 56.54% | 313 | 2.37% | −2,040 | −15.45% | 13,207 |
Schuyler | 3,674 | 45.10% | 4,281 | 52.55% | 191 | 2.35% | −607 | −7.45% | 8,146 |
Seneca | 7,094 | 53.48% | 5,889 | 44.39% | 283 | 2.13% | 1,205 | 9.09% | 13,266 |
St. Lawrence | 21,353 | 57.41% | 15,138 | 40.70% | 700 | 1.89% | 6,215 | 16.71% | 37,191 |
Steuben | 15,787 | 40.97% | 21,954 | 56.98% | 790 | 2.05% | −6,167 | −16.01% | 38,531 |
Suffolk | 304,079 | 51.17% | 282,131 | 47.48% | 8,056 | 1.35% | 21,948 | 3.69% | 594,266 |
Sullivan | 15,268 | 53.73% | 12,705 | 44.71% | 442 | 1.56% | 2,563 | 9.02% | 28,415 |
Tioga | 8,930 | 41.36% | 12,117 | 56.13% | 542 | 2.51% | −3,187 | −14.77% | 21,589 |
Tompkins | 27,244 | 68.48% | 11,107 | 27.92% | 1,430 | 3.60% | 16,137 | 40.56% | 39,781 |
Ulster | 47,752 | 59.97% | 29,759 | 37.37% | 2,115 | 2.66% | 17,993 | 22.60% | 79,626 |
Warren | 14,806 | 50.06% | 14,119 | 47.73% | 653 | 2.21% | 687 | 2.33% | 29,578 |
Washington | 11,523 | 49.89% | 11,085 | 48.00% | 487 | 2.11% | 438 | 1.89% | 23,095 |
Wayne | 16,635 | 44.30% | 20,060 | 53.43% | 852 | 2.27% | −3,425 | −9.13% | 37,547 |
Westchester | 240,785 | 61.99% | 143,122 | 36.84% | 4,540 | 1.17% | 97,663 | 25.15% | 388,447 |
Wyoming | 5,661 | 34.66% | 10,348 | 63.35% | 326 | 1.99% | −4,687 | −28.69% | 16,335 |
Yates | 4,488 | 47.53% | 4,798 | 50.82% | 156 | 1.65% | −310 | −3.29% | 9,442 |
Totals | 4,485,877 | 63.35% | 2,490,496 | 35.17% | 105,163 | 1.49% | 1,995,381 | 28.18% | 7,081,536 |
See full list of sources See full list of sources
Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican
[edit]- Chautauqua (county seat: Mayville)
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
[edit]- Richmond (coterminous with Staten Island, a borough of New York City)
By congressional district
[edit]Obama swept 24 of the state's 27 congressional districts, including three held by Republicans.[9]
District | Obama | Romney | Representative |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 49.62% | 49.08% | Tim Bishop |
2nd | 51.65% | 47.23% | Peter T. King |
3rd | 50.76% | 48.21% | Steve Israel |
4th | 56.31% | 42.76% | Carolyn McCarthy |
5th | 90.6% | 9.1% | Gregory Meeks |
6th | 67.8% | 31.05% | Grace Meng |
7th | 88.35% | 10.34% | Nydia Velázquez |
8th | 89.26% | 10.14% | Hakeem Jeffries |
9th | 85.28% | 13.84% | Yvette Clarke |
10th | 73.64% | 25% | Jerry Nadler |
11th | 51.6% | 47.32% | Michael Grimm |
12th | 76.92% | 21.51% | Carolyn Maloney |
13th | 94.64% | 4.56% | Charles B. Rangel |
14th | 80.67% | 18.27% | Joe Crowley |
15th | 96.75% | 3% | Jose Serrano |
16th | 73.69% | 25.53% | Eliot Engel |
17th | 57.07% | 41.84% | Nita Lowey |
18th | 51.43% | 47.15% | Sean Patrick Maloney |
19th | 52.12% | 45.85% | Chris Gibson |
20th | 59.2% | 38.8% | Paul Tonko |
21st | 52.24% | 46.07% | Bill Owens |
22nd | 48.76% | 49.24% | Richard L. Hanna |
23rd | 48.38% | 49.59% | Tom Reed |
24th | 57% | 41.1% | Dan Maffei |
25th | 58.77% | 39.41% | Louise Slaughter |
26th | 63.94% | 34.31% | Brian Higgins |
27th | 42.89% | 55.29% | Chris Collins |
Analysis
[edit]As expected, New York gave a landslide win to Obama, with 4,485,877 votes, or 63.35% of the popular vote, 28.18% lead ahead of Romney.[10] It was one of only six states to swing in Obama's favor from 2008, when he won with a 26.85% margin.[11] New York has voted solidly for the Democratic candidate in every election since Michael Dukakis in 1988, which marked the end of its status as a swing state. This was the greatest ever percentage of the vote won by a Democrat since Lyndon B. Johnson won 68.56% of the vote in his 1964 44-state landslide.
The politics of New York State are dominated by the heavily populated area of New York City, which Barack Obama won in a historic landslide, taking 81.19% of the vote and sweeping all 5 boroughs. Obama took 1,995,241 votes in New York City, to Mitt Romney's 436,889. No other presidential candidate of either party has ever received more than 80% of the vote in New York City, and this remains the only time since 2000 that a Democrat won Staten Island, as well as all five boroughs of New York City. This was not only due to its majority liberal and extremely diverse population. His performance in New York City likely contributed to his improvement from 2008, which was unusual compared to the rest of the country where he underperformed from 2008 (particularly in areas like the Midwest and Rust Belt).
He managed to flip Staten Island, which voted for John McCain in 2008, as well as improved his margins in all other boroughs except for Manhattan. This improved performance is likely attributable to Hurricane Sandy, which made landfall on October 29 and had devastating effects on the state, killing 44 people, destroying 250,000 vehicles and 300 homes, damaging 69,000 residential units,[12] and flooding the New York City Subway, all tunnels within the city (except for the Lincoln Tunnel), and many suburban communities.[13] Areas that weren't directly affected by the hurricane were indirectly effected by power outages and major disruption to data communication.[14] Staten Island was hit hardest, with its geographical position combined with weather patterns, causing a 16 feet-high storm tide at its peak, flooding major residential areas.[15] 23 of the 44 deaths from the hurricane were in Staten Island.[16] The federal government's powerful and coordinated response to the hurricane was praised by those on both sides of the political aisle, garnering Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg's endorsement,[3] as well as praise from Republican politicians like then New Jersey Governor Chris Christie.[17] This – combined with the media's heavy criticism of Romney's support for a 40% budget cut to FEMA, which would grow to as much as 60% in the coming years – weakened Romney's performance amongst voters across city, including conservatives, especially in the borough of Staten Island.[18]
The advantage from Hurricane Sandy was also reflected in polls. Prior to the storm, nine nationwide polls listed in Real Clear Politics' database found Romney and Obama each leading in four and one tied. Seven national polls taken after the storm had shown Obama leading in three, four being tied, and Romney leading in none. In particular, a poll by Politico and George Washington University found Obama's lead increasing in the Northeast from 8 to 20% before and after the storm.[19]
Unlike many rural areas across the country, most notably in the Midwest, rural counties didn't swing especially hard against Obama this election. Most of the political landscape looked roughly the same, with the exception of Chautauqua County flipping red after supporting Obama by a narrow margin in 2008. However, Obama tied with Romney for white voters (who make up a majority of upstate's population but a minority in New York City) according to New York Times exit polls, a significant decline from 2008 when he won white voters 52 to 46.[20] Discounting New York City's votes, Obama still would have carried New York State, albeit by a closer margin. Excluding New York City, Obama's vote total in the state was 2,490,636 to Romney's 2,053,607, giving Obama a 54.03%–44.54% win outside of NYC.
In terms of exit polls, Obama performed roughly as expected. He won both women and men 68 to 31 and 58 to 42, respectively, and won Black voters 94 to 5 and Hispanic voters 89 to 11. These ethnic groups collectively make up 54.6% of New York City's population, and thus hold great influence in state elections. Obama won all age groups, education levels, and income levels, though he did best amongst 18- to 29-year-olds (72 to 25), those with no college degree (66 to 34), and those with an income under $30,000 (81 to 17), respectively. Obama not only won liberals and registered Democrats, but he also won moderates and independents 63 to 36 and 50 to 44 respectively – these groups make up 42% and 23% of the electorate and were thus vital for Obama to win.
See also
[edit]- United States presidential elections in New York
- 2012 Republican Party presidential debates and forums
- 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries
- Results of the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries
- New York Republican Party
References
[edit]- ^ "2012 General Election Returns" (PDF). NYS Board of Elections. February 6, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
- ^ "Opinion | A Big Storm Requires Big Government". The New York Times. October 29, 2012. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ a b Hernandez, Raymond (November 1, 2012). "Bloomberg Backs Obama, Citing Fallout From Storm". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "New York Democratic Delegation 2012". www.thegreenpapers.com. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ a b "Republican Party. Presidential Primary - April 24, 2012" (PDF). elections.ny.gov.
- ^ "Primary and Caucus Printable Calendar". CNN. Retrieved January 11, 2012.
- ^ "Presidential Primary Dates" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
- ^ "NYS Board of Elections President and Vice-President Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 29, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
- ^ "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts". Daily Kos. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- ^ "New York". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "New York - Election Results 2008 - The New York Times". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "About Hurricane Sandy". www1.nyc.gov. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "Hurricane Sandy - New York". www.usgs.gov. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ Troianovski, Anton (November 1, 2012). "A Look inside Verizon's Flooded Communications Hub". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ Gammon, Crystal (November 7, 2012). "Why Hurricane Sandy Hit Staten Island So Hard". livescience.com. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ Taylor, Alan. "Hurricane Sandy: Staten Island Survivors - The Atlantic". www.theatlantic.com. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "Chris Christie and Hurricane Sandy give Obama a timely boost". Los Angeles Times. November 1, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "Politics of FEMA: Mitt Romney Suggested Less Federal Involvement, Paul Ryan Budget Scrutinized". ABC News. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ Cassidy, John (November 4, 2012). "How Much Did Hurricane Sandy Help Obama?". The New Yorker. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "President Exit Polls". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
External links
[edit]- The Green Papers: for New York
- The Green Papers: Major state elections in chronological order