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"Khan gizi" spring

Coordinates: 39°45′51″N 46°45′04″E / 39.7642°N 46.7510°E / 39.7642; 46.7510
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"Khan gizi" spring
Native name
Xan qızı bulağı (Azerbaijani)
Typespring
LocationShusha,  Azerbaijan
Coordinates39°45′51″N 46°45′04″E / 39.7642°N 46.7510°E / 39.7642; 46.7510
Founded1871
FounderKhurshidbanu Natavan

"Khan gizi" spring (also known as Khan's Daughter's Spring) is a spring located next to Khan's daughter Natevan's palace in the Çöl Qala neighborhood of Shusha.[1][2] The spring was built in the 19th century by the order of Khurshidbanu Natavan.[3]

After the occupation of Shusha on May 8, 1992, the spring was neglected. As a result, the water of the spring has dried up, and it has fallen into neglect.

Spring was included in the list of immovable historical and cultural monuments of local importance by the decision No. 132 issued by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 2, 2001.

In 2020, after the liberation of Shusha during the Second Karabakh War, the spring was repaired and returned to people's use.

History

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After the city of Shusha was built, its people tried to meet their drinking water needs through wells dug in the yard. However, most of these waters were not suitable for drinking because they were salty. There were only two drinking water wells in the city.[4] This was not enough for a city with a population of 30,000. Therefore, people met their water needs from the mountains 3–4 km away from the city, from the springs on the banks of Dashalti and Khalfali rivers.[4] They filled water wineskins from these springs and carried them to the city with horses and donkeys. Bringing water from far away caused its price to be high. Wealthy families spent 50 rubles a year on water. Poor people were often forced to use salty springs or rainwater. They directed the water flowing from the roof of the houses, collecting it in a cistern they built underground at the bottom of the yard.[4] In order to meet the drinking water needs of the city, various water sources were built in the city. Due to their architectural styles and differences, these springs are currently among the historical monuments of the city.[5]

The spring was named after Khurshidbanu Natavan (1832–1897) who was a lyric poet and daughter of Mehdiqulu Khan Javanshir, who was the last khan of Karabakh. She is known for laying the first water main in Shusha.[6]

Construction of the spring

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Khan gizi spring in XIX century

Khurshidbanu Natavan undertook the construction of one of the springs.[7][6] In 1871, she built a water pipeline from the foot of Sarıbaba mountain to Shusha,[8] seven kilometers away from the city, to provide the population with drinking water. The construction of the belt lasted for 1 year and 6 months and was successfully completed on August 18, 1873.[9][10] Five thousand people gathered to participate in the opening ceremony of the spring. Khurshidbanu Natavan spent 100,000 manats of gold to build the spring.[9] In addition to money, he donated 180 sheep and 20 sets of expensive robes to those who took part in drawing water.[11] Poet and artist Mir Mohsun Navvab wrote a material-history on the drawing of water and appreciated the good work of Khurshidbanu Beyim.[9]

The water was cool because the aqueduct was laid with earthen pipes. Later, ceramic pipes were replaced by bronze pipes.[12] In order to present that water to the people, the Khan Gizi Spring was being built in the area of the palace complex of Khurshidbanu Natavan in the Cholgala quarter.[13] The spring is made of white marble and consists of 12 eyes and 8 corner basins.[14]

After the occupation of Shusha on May 8, 1992, the spring was neglected.[15] As a result, the water of the spring dried up,[16][17] and it became neglected.[18][19][20]

The spring was included in the list of immovable historical and cultural monuments of local importance by decision No. 132 issued by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan on August 2, 2001.[21][22][23]

In 2020, after the liberation of Shusha during the Second Karabakh War, the spring was repaired and returned to people's use.[24][25][26][27]

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Nazim Mammadov (2016). Azərbaycan Respublikasının Şuşa şəhərinin tarixi (PDF). Baku: Avropa nəşriyyatı. p. 566. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-12. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  2. ^ Şuşa - qədim Azərbaycan diyarı (PDF). Baku. 2009. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-18. Retrieved 2022-12-20.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ^ Qarabağ abidələri (PDF). Baku: Günəş nəşriyyatı. 2009. p. 58. ISBN 978-9952-440-47-8. Archived from the original on 2020-10-19. Retrieved 2022-12-21.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ a b c Вугар Иманов (2021-01-21). "История создания "Хан-гызы булагы" – как в Шушу был проведен первый водопровод" (in Russian). trend.az. Archived from the original on 2022-01-06. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  5. ^ Yagub Mahmudov, Jamal Mustafayev (2012). Şuşa, Pənahabad (PDF). Baku: Təhsil nəşriyyatı. pp. 114–115.
  6. ^ a b "Azerbaijani poetess Khurshudbanu Natavan". Azerbaijan State News Agency. 2019-03-02. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  7. ^ Zahid Rza (2022-03-16). "Tək inci, "Xan qızı" Xurşidbanu Natəvan" (in Azerbaijani). İki sahil. Archived from the original on 2022-03-27. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  8. ^ "Shusha in the Graphics of Elturan Avalov". Archived from the original on 2022-08-15. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  9. ^ a b c Vasif Guliyev (2021-04-30). "Şuşanın bulaqları" (in Azerbaijani). Azerbaijan State News Agency. Archived from the original on 2021-05-11. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  10. ^ ""Şuşa mədəniyyətinin inciləri" layihəsinin ilk təqdimatı Xurşidbanu Natəvana həsr olunub" (in Azerbaijani). culture.gov.az. 2021-01-31. Archived from the original on 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  11. ^ Vasif Guliyev (2021-05-04). "Шушинские родники" (in Russian). Azerbaijan State News Agency. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2022-12-20.
  12. ^ Tahir Ağaməmmədov (2022-10-11). "Şuşa şəhərinin tarixi memarlıq abidəsi sayılan bulaqları" (in Azerbaijani). Azerbaijan State News Agency. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  13. ^ Под общей редакцией М. А. Казиева (1960). Город Шуша. Дом Хуршуд Бану Натаван // Азербайджан (Исторические и достопримечательные места). Baku: Издательство АН Азербайджанской ССР. p. 92.
  14. ^ "Xan qızı bulağı" (in Azerbaijani). anl.az. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ "The captive monuments of Shusha". The State Committee on Religious Associations of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 2022-08-01. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  16. ^ Sabira Alakbar (2021-09-01). "Our souls rejoice back in Shusha". regionplus.az. Archived from the original on 2022-12-26. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  17. ^ "Azerbaijan's prominent cultural figures visit "Khan gizi" spring". report.az. 2021-09-18. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  18. ^ Tofig Suleymanov (2021-02-22). ""Şuşada 330-dan çox abidə dağıdılıb"" (in Azerbaijani). azvision.az. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  19. ^ "Ильхам Алиев посетил восстановленный в Шуше родник "Хан гызы"" (in Russian). Zerkalo. 2021-05-12. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  20. ^ "The 1st presentation of the project in the section "Faces of Shusha" is dedicated to the famous poet, public figure, philanthropist Khurshidbanu Natavan". culture.gov.az. 2022-01-31. Archived from the original on 2022-07-03. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  21. ^ "Azərbaycan Respublikası Nazirlər Kabinetinin 2001-ci il 2 avqust Tarixli 132 nömrəli qərarı ilə təsdiq edilmişdir" (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). mct.gov.az. 2001-08-02. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-07-07. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  22. ^ "Недвижимые исторические и культурные памятники местного значения" (in Russian). armenianvandalism.preslib.az. Archived from the original on 2022-01-06. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  23. ^ "Khurshidbanu Natavan". shusha.today. Archived from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
  24. ^ "Prezident İlham Əliyev Şuşada bərpa edilən "Xan qızı" bulağında olub" (in Azerbaijani). APA Group. 2021-05-12. Archived from the original on 2021-05-13. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  25. ^ "Azərbaycan və Türkiyə prezidentləri Şuşada "Xan qızı" bulağında olublar" (in Azerbaijani). president.az. 2021-06-15. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  26. ^ "Ilham Aliyev visited the restored "Khan gizi" spring in Shusha" (in Azerbaijani). president.az. 2021-05-12. Archived from the original on 2022-11-23. Retrieved 2022-12-21.
  27. ^ "President Ilham Aliyev visited the restored "Khan gizi" spring in Shusha". Azerbaijan State News Agency. 2021-05-12. Archived from the original on 2022-08-14. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
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