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1929 Bath by-election

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The 1929 Bath by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 21 March 1929 for the constituency of Bath in Somerset.

Vacancy

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The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting MP, the Unionist Charles Foxcroft on 11 February 1929. He had been the MP since the December 1918 general election, apart from 1923-24 following his defeat to the Liberals.

History

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Before 1918, Bath was a two-member seat that had regularly changed hands between Unioinsts and Liberals. Since 1918, the Unionists had won on every occasion apart from the 1923 general election, when the Liberal, Frank Raffety won, thanks to the absence of a Labour candidate. Raffety was defeated by Foxcroft at the last General Election when Labour intervened;

General election 29 October 1924: Electorate 34,042
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Charles Foxcroft 16,067 55.8 +7.4
Liberal Frank Raffety 8,800 30.6 −21.0
Labour Walter Barton Scobell 3,914 13.6 New
Majority 7,267 25.2 N/A
Turnout 28,781 84.5 +5.4
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +14.2

Candidates

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The Unionist candidate was the Honorable Charles Baillie-Hamilton, younger brother of the Earl of Haddington. The Liberal candidate was a recently retired Indian civil servant, 56-year-old Sidney Daniels, rather than the previous Liberal MP, Frank Raffety who had been selected to contest Cheltenham at the pending General Election. Daniels had spent 33 years in India before returning to England to practice law in 1928. This was his first parliamentary election. The Labour candidate was a barrister and journalist, George Gilbert Desmond.

Campaign

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Polling Day was fixed for 21 March 1929, just 38 days after the death of the former MP. This left little time for campaigning. Since a general election was due in May and the Liberal and Labour parties were not strong in the constituency, little effort was put into the campaign.[1] On 1 March, nationally, Liberal leader, David Lloyd George launched the Liberal programme for the upcoming General election, titled We Can Conquer Unemployment.

Result

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On polling day, news came through of a Liberal by-election victory at Eddisbury the day before, however this news came too late to influence the campaign. The Unionists held the seat with a reduced majority;

Bath by-election, 1929
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Charles Baillie-Hamilton 11,171 45.1 −10.7
Liberal Sidney Reginald Daniels 7,255 29.3 −1.3
Labour George Gilbert Desmond 6,359 25.7 +12.1
Majority 3916 15.8 −9.4
Turnout 24,785 72.8 −11.7
Unionist hold Swing -4.6

Aftermath

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All three fought the seat in the general election in May with a similar outcome;

General election 30 May 1929: Electorate 46,877
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Charles Baillie-Hamilton 17,845 46.9 +1.8
Liberal Sidney Reginald Daniels 11,485 30.1 +0.8
Labour George Gilbert Desmond 8,769 23.0 −2.7
Majority 6,360 16.8 +1.0
Turnout 38,099 81.3 +8.5
Unionist hold Swing +0.5

References

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  1. ^ 'The Bath Contest', The Times, 15 March 1929.