Jump to content

Blackstone Formation, Australia

Coordinates: 27°36′S 152°48′E / 27.6°S 152.8°E / -27.6; 152.8
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Blackstone Formation
Stratigraphic range: Carnian-Norian
~235–206 Ma
TypeGeological formation
Unit ofIpswich Coal Measures
Sub-unitsDenmark Hill Insect Bed, Striped Bacon Seam Member
UnderliesUnconformity with Raceview Formation and Aberdare Conglomerate
OverliesTivoli Formation
Thickness200–240 m (660–790 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryShale
OtherSiltstone, coal, tuff
Location
Coordinates27°36′S 152°48′E / 27.6°S 152.8°E / -27.6; 152.8
Approximate paleocoordinates58°36′S 101°00′E / 58.6°S 101.0°E / -58.6; 101.0
RegionIpswich
Country Australia
Type section
Named forBlackstone, Queensland
Blackstone Formation, Australia is located in Australia
Blackstone Formation, Australia
Blackstone Formation, Australia (Australia)
Blackstone Formation, Australia is located in Queensland
Blackstone Formation, Australia
Blackstone Formation, Australia (Queensland)

The Blackstone Formation is a geologic formation of the Ipswich Coal Measures Group in southeastern Queensland, Australia, dating to the Carnian to Norian stages of the Late Triassic. The shales, siltstones, coal and tuffs were deposited in a lacustrine environment. The Blackstone Formation contains the Denmark Hill Insect Bed.

Fossil content

[edit]

Vertebrates

[edit]

Lungfish

[edit]
Dipnoans of the Blackstone Formation
Genus Species State Abundance Notes Images
Ceratodus C. robustus

Invertebrates

[edit]
Insects of the Blackstone Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Mesochorista[1] M. proavita Ipswich A Permochoionid
Mesodiphthera M. grandis Tettigarctid cicada
Tardilly T. dunstani
T. prosboloides
Phanerogramma P. australis Dermapterid earwig
Dinmopsylla D. semota Dinmore clay pit Archipsyllid Permopsocid
Mesopsyche M. triareolata Dinmore clay pit Mesopsychid mecopteran

Ichnofossils

[edit]

In 1964, dinosaur footprints were discovered from the Rhondda colliery (underground coal mine) 230 metres below ground along the sandstone ceiling of the Striped Bacon coal seam.[2] These were initially described as Eubrontes, a type of predatory dinosaur (theropod) footprint. Later, these footprints were considered as evidence for the world's largest Triassic theropod, with legs towering over 2 metres tall.[3] A 3D evaluation of the fossil indicated the footprint length was much smaller than previously reported (34 cm rather than 46 cm long) and its shape was characteristic of the trace fossil genus (ichnogenus) Evazoum.[4] The existing hypothesis is that Evazoum were made by prosauropods, ancestral forms of long-necked sauropod dinosaurs. The bipedal dinosaur track-maker may have resembled the dinosaur Plateosaurus, and this fossil is the only evidence of this group of dinosaurs in Australia. The next evidence for sauropodomorphs in Australia comes over 50 million years later in the Jurassic.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ E.F. Riek (1955). "A Re-examination of the Mecopteroid and Orthopteroid Fossils (Insecta) from the Triassic Beds at Denmark Hill, Queensland, with Descriptions of Further Specimens" (PDF). Australian Journal of Zoology. 4: 98–110. doi:10.1071/ZO9560098. Retrieved 11 August 2011.
  2. ^ Staines, H. R. E. (1964). "Recent discovery of Triassic dinosaur footprints in Queensland". Australian Journal of Science. 27: 55.
  3. ^ Thulborn, T. (11 July 2003). "Comment on "Ascent of Dinosaurs Linked to an Iridium Anomaly at the Triassic-Jurassic Boundary"". Science. 301 (5630): 169. doi:10.1126/science.1082048. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 12855792. S2CID 13247451.
  4. ^ Romilio, Anthony; Klein, Hendrik; Jannel, Andréas; Salisbury, Steven W. (16 October 2021). "Saurischian dinosaur tracks from the Upper Triassic of southern Queensland: possible evidence for Australia's earliest sauropodomorph trackmaker". Historical Biology. 34 (9): 1834–1843. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1984447. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 239170287.

Bibliography

[edit]