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Robert McCloskey

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This article is about the children's writer. For the diplomat, see Robert J. McCloskey. For the historian, see Robert G. McCloskey.
Robert McCloskey
BornJohn Robert McCloskey
(1914-09-15)September 15, 1914
Hamilton, Ohio
DiedJune 30, 2003(2003-06-30) (aged 88)
Deer Isle, Maine, USA
OccupationWriter, illustrator
NationalityAmerican
Alma materVesper George Art School[1]
Period1940–1970
GenreChildren's picture books
Notable works
Notable awardsCaldecott Medal
1942, 1957
SpouseMargaret Durand
ChildrenSarah, Jane
RelativesRuth Sawyer (mother-in-law) Melba McCloskey (sister) Dorothy McCloskey (sister) Howard McCloskey (father) Mable McCloskey (mother)

John Robert McCloskey (September 15, 1914[2] – June 30, 2003) was an American writer and illustrator of children's books. He both wrote and illustrated eight picture books,[1] and won two Caldecott Medals from the American Library Association for the year's best-illustrated picture book.[1][3] Four of the eight books were set in Maine: Blueberries for Sal, One Morning in Maine, Time of Wonder, and Burt Dow, Deep-water Man (the last three of those four were all set on the coast). His best-known work is Make Way For Ducklings, set in Boston. In longer works, he both wrote and illustrated Homer Price and he illustrated Keith Robertson's Henry Reed series.[a]

Biography

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McCloskey was born in Hamilton, Ohio, on September 15, 1914 to Howard and Mabel McCloskey. He had two sisters, Melba and Dorothy.[4][5] As a teen, McCloskey was a camper-turned-counselor at Camp Campbell Gard, where at age 16 he carved a totem pole which stood at the camp for over 50 years.[6] His work on the totem pole is said to have led to him being chosen to create the bas relief and cast aluminum pieces decorating the Hamilton Municipal building in 1934, when he was 19.[7]

He reached Boston in 1932 with a scholarship to study at Vesper George Art School. After Vesper George, he moved to New York City for study at the National Academy of Design.[1]

In 1940, he married Peggy Durand, daughter of the children's writer Ruth Sawyer.[1] They had two daughters, Sarah and Jane, and settled in New York State, spending summers on Scott Island, a small island off Little Deer Isle in East Penobscot Bay.[8] McCloskey's wife and elder daughter Sarah are the models for little Sal and her mother in Blueberries for Sal (1948), a picture book set on a "Blueberry Hill" in the vicinity. Three others of his picture books are set on the coast and concern the sea.

Peggy died in 1991. Twelve years later on June 30, 2003, McCloskey died in Deer Isle, Maine.

Recognition

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McCloskey won the 1942 Caldecott Medal for Make Way for Ducklings. The story, set in Boston, Massachusetts, features a mallard pair that nests on an island in the Charles River. After raising eight ducklings on the island, the mother leads them to the Public Garden downtown. A friendly policeman stops traffic to let them cross a busy street. The story soon became a Boston institution. Sculptor Nancy Schön created a bronze statue of Mrs. Mallard and the ducklings in 1987, installed along a walkway between pond and street.[9] There thousands of children climb them every year and many more people photograph them; the park is also the annual site of a Make Way for Ducklings Mother's Day parade, featuring hundreds of children dressed in the costumes of their favorite characters. Since 2003 Make Way for Ducklings is the official children's book of Massachusetts.[10]

McCloskey won a second Caldecott Medal in 1958 for Time of Wonder. Meanwhile, he had been a runner-up in 1949 for Blueberries for Sal, in 1953 for One Morning in Maine, and in 1954 for JourneyCake, Ho!, the latter written by his mother-in-law Sawyer.[3] In a 1958 magazine article titled "Bob McCloskey, Inventor", another Medal winner Marc Simont observed that "[his] talent for devising mechanical contraptions is topped only by his ability to turn out books that carry off the Caldecott Medal."[11]

The Homer Price stories (two books) were translated into Russian in the 1970s and became popular in the Soviet Union.[12]

The U.S. Library of Congress named McCloskey a "Living Legend" in 2000.[13]

Films

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One chapter from Homer Price was adapted as a short film, The Doughnuts (1963).[14] The same chapter was adapted for an ABC Weekend Special called "Homer and the Wacky Doughnut Machine" (1977).[15] Another chapter, "The Case of the Cosmic Comic", was also adapted as a short film.

In 1964, film producer Morton Schindel and Weston Woods Studios made Robert McCloskey, an 18-minute documentary that is sometimes screened in art schools. It shows McCloskey sitting in Boston Public Garden intercut with pages from his sketchbook drawings for Make Way for Ducklings, while the illustrator recounts experiences that influenced his work and discusses the relationship of craftsmanship to inspiration.[16]

Public art

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  • Totem Pole (summer 1931),[17] now housed in the Hamilton, Ohio Municipal Building museum — McCloskey carved the totem pole while a counselor at Camp Campbell Gard where it stood for over 50 years[18]
  • Sculpture (completed 1935), Hamilton, Ohio Municipal Building — McCloskey created models in bas relief.[19]
  • Murals (1939), including six formerly housed in the Sloan Building (E52) on the MIT campus — McCloskey assisted Francis Scott Bradford depicting Beacon Hill socialites in large murals commissioned by the Lever Brothers of Cambridge, Massachusetts[20]

Derivative art

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In Boston Public Garden a sculpture of a family of nine ducks, by the sculptor Nancy Schön, installed in 1987, commemorates McCloskey's Make Way for Ducklings.[21] A version was installed in Moscow in 1991. In Hamilton, Ohio, McCloskey's hometown, another sculpture by Schön, installed in 2002, depicts a boy and dog from McCloskey's first book, Lentil, published in 1940. McCloskey named the boy Lentil, but in a competition among schoolchildren the dog was given the name Harmony.[22] In Boothbay Harbor, Maine, in the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens, another sculpture by Schön, dedicated in 2010 and known as Sal's Bear, depicts a baby bear and a nearby spilled pail of blueberries, based on the drawings in McCloskey's Blueberries for Sal.[23]

Books

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As author and illustrator

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As illustrator only

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  • Yankee Doodle's Cousins (1941) written by Anne Malcolmson
  • Tree Toad: Adventures of the Kid Brother (1942) by Bob Davis, illus. McCloskey and Charles Dana Gibson
  • Young America's English Book One (1942) by Helen Fern Daringer
  • The Man Who Lost His Head (1942) by Claire Huchet Bishop; paperback reissue (1970) ISBN 0-440-84348-0
  • Trigger John's Son (1949) by Tom Robinson
  • Journey Cake, Ho (1953) by Ruth Sawyer, a Caldecott Honor Book
  • Junket: The Dog Who Liked Everything "Just So" (1955) by Anne H. White
  • Henry Reed, Inc. (1958), by Keith Robertson[a]
  • Henry Reed's Journey (1963), by Robertson
  • Henry Reed's Babysitting Service (1966), by Robertson
  • Henry Reed's Big Show (1970), by Robertson

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Henry Reed series. From 1958 to 1986, Keith Robertson wrote five books featuring the boy businessman Henry Reed.
    The Henry Reed books were reissued in 1989(?) paperback editions with ISBN 0-14-034144-7; ISBN 0-14-034145-5; ISBN 0-14-034146-3; ISBN 0-440-43570-6; ISBN 0-440-40104-6.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Blau, Eleanor (2003-07-01). "Robert McCloskey, 88, of 'Make Way for Ducklings,' Is Dead". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  2. ^ "Biography of Robert McCloskey". Heritage Hall. 30 April 2017. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
  3. ^ a b "Caldecott Medal Winners, 1938 - Present | Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC)". Ala.org. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  4. ^ "The Journal News from Hamilton, Ohio on November 9, 1972 · Page 15". Newspapers.com. 9 November 1972.
  5. ^ "Robert McCloskey". prezi.com.
  6. ^ "Totem Pole". hamiltonheritagehall.org. 30 September 2017. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
  7. ^ "Biography of Robert McCloskey". Heritage Hall Museum of Hamilton, OH. 30 April 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  8. ^ Google Maps: scott island, deer isle. Retrieved 2013-02-15.
  9. ^ "Make Way for Ducklings, Boston by Nancy Schön". Schon.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  10. ^ "CIS: State Symbols". Sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  11. ^ "Bob McCloskey, Inventor - The Horn Book". Hbook.com. 2013-07-18. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  12. ^ "Роберт Макклоски | Либрусек". Lib.rus.ec. 2011-04-24. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  13. ^ "Awards & Honors | About the Library | Library of Congress". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009.
  14. ^ "The Doughnuts (1963)". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  15. ^ "ABC Weekend Specials: Season 1, Episode 4 : Homer and the Wacky Doughnut Machine". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  16. ^ "Robert McCloskey Movie Reviews, Information and Film Reviews for Robert McCloskey the Movie". Movierevie.ws. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  17. ^ "Hobby Classes for "Y" Boys Taught by M'Closkey". Newspaper Archive. 9 October 1931. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
  18. ^ "Totem Pole". Heritage Hall. 30 September 2017. Retrieved 2019-04-18.
  19. ^ "Biography of Robert McCloskey | Heritage Hall". hamiltonheritagehall.org. 30 April 2017. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
  20. ^ "Does Anyone Want a Few Robert McCloskey Paintings?". Boston Magazine. 2016-07-28. Retrieved 2018-01-03.
  21. ^ "Make Way for Ducklings, (sculpture)". Smithsonian Art Inventories Catalog. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  22. ^ "Lentil and His Dog Harmony by Nancy Schön". Schon.com. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
  23. ^ "Sal's Bear by Nancy Schön". www.schon.com. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
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