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COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic

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COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationCzech Republic
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index casePrague
Arrival date1 March 2020
(4 years, 9 months and 2 weeks ago)
Confirmed cases4,821,194[1]
Active cases417,439[2]
Hospitalized cases2,864[2]
Recovered3,468,947[2]
Deaths
43,748[1]
Fatality rate0.91%
Vaccinations
  • 6,982,006[1] (total vaccinated)
  • 6,895,763[1] (fully vaccinated)
  • 19,047,108[1] (doses administered)
Government website
onemocneni-aktualne.mzcr.cz/covid-19

The COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[3][4]

The first three confirmed cases in the Czech Republic were reported on 1 March 2020. On 12 March, the government declared a National state of emergency for the first time in the country's modern history. On 16 March, the country closed its borders, forbade the entry of foreigners without residence permits, and issued a nationwide curfew. While originally planned to be in effect until 24 March, the measures were later extended until 1 April[5][6] and then again until the end of the state of emergency.[7] This was extended by the Chamber of Deputies until 30 April 2020[8] and then again until 17 May 2020.

National Response

[edit]

By 11 March, Czech government had "shut down all schools, banned public events, limited public gatherings, closed the borders and shut all nonessential stores..."[9] The Czech Republic was the first[10] European country to make the wearing of face masks mandatory from 19 March onwards.[11] COVID-19 testing was made widely available with drive-through locations from 14 March,[12] and from 27 March anyone with a fever, dry cough or shortness of breath was eligible for a free test.[13] From 13 April onwards, COVID-19 testing capacity significantly surpassed demand.[14] Contact tracing in the country also included voluntary disclosure of mobile phone position and debit card payments data for previous days and the quarantining of identified contacts.[15]

By 1 May 2020, altogether 257 COVID-19-related deaths were identified in the Czech Republic compared to 2,719 in similarly populous Sweden, which did not impose a full lockdown. However, Belgium, also with a similar population, had had 7,866 deaths at that time, despite having implemented an early and strict lockdown. The Czech Republic started gradually easing measures from 7 April 2020 onwards,[7][16] with most restrictions being lifted by 11 May 2020. However, by 17 November 2020, the Czech Republic had recorded a total of 6,416 COVID-19-related deaths compared to 6,344 in Sweden, surpassing Sweden's deaths count.[citation needed] By August 2021, the Czech Republic has recorded the fourth highest confirmed death rate in the world. There are some root causes speculated. A lockdown was decided in November 2020.[citation needed]

Lockdown Measures and Exceptions

[edit]

Some measures undertaken by the Czech Republic differed in key aspects from other countries. A general curfew was in place between 16 March and 24 April, although with numerous exemptions. Apart from permitting essential shopping and going to and from work, as in other countries, it also permitted visiting relatives and allowed for unrestricted movement in parks and open countryside.[17] A general closure of services and retail sales was in place from 14 March until 11 May; however, all shops could conduct socially distant sales with delivery through makeshift takeout windows and the gradual opening of selected shops started in several waves from 24 March onwards.The government did not order the closure of manufacturing plants, but many did so voluntarily during the second half of March, with Hyundai spearheading a gradual reopening from 14 April.[18][19]

Public Response

[edit]

Fear, anger, and hopelessness were the most frequent traumatic emotional responses in the general public during the first COVID-19 outbreak in the Czech Republic.[20] The most frequent concerns of citizens were:

  • fear of the negative impact on household finances
  • fear of the negative impact on the household finances of significant others
  • fear of the unavailability of health care, and fear of an insufficient food supply.[20]

There were public protests concerning both lockdown restrictions and the choice to be vaccinated. Czech Pubs reopened without authorization in early January 2021, serving customers despite the threat of a fine of 20,000 Czech Koruna (~$932 US Dollars in 2021).[21] Thousands were reported to have taken to the streets of Prague in November 2021 in protest.[22] In January of 2022, a similarly sized protest in Wenceslas Square protested against harsher restrictions on unvaccinated citizens.[23]

There was an ongoing discussion about vaccinations and its efficiency in the Czech public space. A 2022 study published in the Scientific Reports has shown the registered numbers of deaths in the Czech Republic is approximately “3.5 times lower than it would be expected without vaccination”.[24] Authors of the study thus concluded that “vaccination is more effective in saving lives than suggested by simplistic comparisons”.[24][25]

Timeline January–July 2020

[edit]
COVID-19 cases in the Czech Republic  ()
     Deaths        Recoveries        Active cases
202020212022202320242021
OctNov
Last 15 days
Date
# of cases
# of deaths
...
2021-10-20
1,718,946(n.a.) 30,594(n.a.)
2021-10-21
1,722,586(+0.21%) 30,604(+0.03%)
2021-10-22
1,726,820(+0.25%) 30,617(+0.04%)
2021-10-23
1,729,576(+0.16%) 30,630(+0.04%)
2021-10-24
1,731,409(+0.11%) 30,649(+0.06%)
2021-10-25
1,735,687(+0.25%) 30,669(+0.07%)
2021-10-26
1,741,970(+0.36%) 30,684(+0.05%)
2021-10-27
1,747,816(+0.34%) 30,705(+0.07%)
2021-10-28
1,752,168(+0.25%) 30,731(+0.08%)
2021-10-29
1,757,908(+0.33%) 30,752(+0.07%)
2021-10-30
1,762,967(+0.29%) 30,773(+0.07%)
2021-10-31
1,765,736(+0.16%) 30,801(+0.09%)
2021-11-01
1,773,337(+0.43%) 30,825(+0.08%)
2021-11-02
1,783,247(+0.56%) 30,859(+0.11%)
2021-11-03
1,792,707(+0.53%) 30,878(+0.06%)
Source: COVID-19 disease data Official website of the Czech Ministry of Health.

28 January

[edit]

As of 28 January 2020, suspected cases were tested with negative results.[2]

Week 9 (24 February – 1 March)

[edit]

28 February – As of 28 February 170 suspected cases were tested with negative results. 307 people were in home quarantine imposed by a regional health authority, 77 of them were in South Bohemian Region.[2]

1 March – The Minister of Health, Adam Vojtěch, reported that three cases of COVID-19 had been confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory.[26] The three cases are treated at the Bulovka Hospital in Prague; one of the cases had been found in Ústí nad Labem, but was transported to the Bulovka Hospital.[26] All cases were connected with northern Italy. One case was a man who returned from a conference in Udine, the second case was a woman (tourist, U.S. citizen) studying in Milan and the third case was a man who returned from a skiing holiday in Auronzo di Cadore.[27][28]

Week 10 (2–8 March)

[edit]

2 March – Another case was confirmed, a woman who was on skiing holiday in Auronzo di Cadore and was staying in the same hotel as the man from a previous case.[29]

3 March – Another case was reported, a woman from Ecuador studying in Milano, a friend of the U.S. tourist who tested positive several days prior.[30] Government started taking active measures (see policies section below).

5 March – Four new cases were identified a Czech and an Italian who returned from Italy by the end of February, third was related to case No. 3 and fourth was related to case No. 6.[31]

6 March – Obligatory 14 days' quarantine for people returning from selected parts of Italy announced (see policies section below).[32][33] As of 6 March 1,011 people were already in home quarantine imposed by regional health authority, 341 of them in Prague, 160 in South Bohemian Region and 63 in Central Bohemian Region.[2] As of 6 March, some 16,500 Czechs were in Italy;[34] spring break falls between early February and the middle of March 2020.

Week 11 (9–15 March)

[edit]

9 March – Bulovka Hospital in Prague has announced that all but two tourists (from U.S. – case No. 2 and from Ecuador – case #5) have been released to home quarantine.[35]

10 March – Positive cases were being identified in ever increasing number of regions.[36]

11 March – Schools closed.[37]

12 MarchThe Czech government has declared a state of emergency for 30 days and adopted a number of measures (see policies section below).[38][39]

13 March – Brno University Hospital (a COVID-19 testing center) was hacked, disrupting services.[40][41]

15 March – Shortly before midnight, Prime Minister Andrej Babiš announced approval of the nationwide quarantine (see policies section below).

Week 12 (16–22 March)

[edit]

16 March – Starting at midnight, an hour after the nationwide quarantine declaration was approved the previous day, nearly 11 million Czech residents were placed under quarantine (see policies section below).[5] The Czech Republic became one of the first[42] countries in the EU to completely close its borders (with exemptions including international freight transport, see policies section below).[5] First three people were reported recovered.[43]

18 March – The Czech Republic became the first[10] country in the European Union to introduce mandatory face cover (see policies section below).[44]

21 March – Deliveries of protective gear purchased by Czech Government in China started: a heavy cargo plane Antonov An-124 Ruslan provided through NATO Support and Procurement Agency brought 100 tons of masks, respirators and coronavirus tests from China, while a China Eastern plane brought 7 million face masks.[45] This helped to alleviate the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the Czech Republic. According to Security Information Service, the shortage happened after Chinese embassy conducted massive purchases of respirators available on Czech market during January and February and transferred them to China.[46]

22 MarchFirst death reported: a 95-year-old man.[47] While COVID-19 positive, at the time of death, the man was not at ICU and did not have pneumonia that is a COVID-19 specific type of death. The man had chronic heart issues and had also a pacemaker. The cause of death was formally established as a "complete exhaustion of organism".[48]

Week 13 (23–29 March)

[edit]

23 March – The local health authority in the Moravian-Silesian Region announced that 80% of COVID-19 examinations that were conducted in the region in the previous days with use of fast-test kits that government procured and airlifted from China (altogether 300,000 kits bought by the Czech Government for total price of CZK 54 m—approximately US$2.1 m) came out wrong when double-checked through standard testing.[49][50] It was later confirmed the cause was an incorrect use where the fast-test react to an immune response and are not suitable for new patient screenings.[51]

24 March – A second death was reported: a 45-year-old man died after six days in a hospital in Havířov. The patient had had advanced cancer with metastases to multiple organs. The cause of death was established as multiple organ failure due to cancer but COVID-19 infection accelerated the patient's death.[52]

A third death was reported: a 71-year-old woman died in Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice in Prague. The woman had the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as well as other illnesses, so it wasn't immediately clear that she may be COVID-19 positive. Only after being hospitalised the woman informed doctors that her relative recently returned from Italy and was then tested for COVID-19. The woman was connected to a ventilator but died three days after start of hospitalisation.[53]

Apart from the Uber driver on ECMO, there were 19 other patients in hospitals in serious condition, all of them connected to ventilators.[53]

25 March – The fourth and fifth deaths were reported: The fourth death was an 82-year-old from Prague with long-term chronic health problems. The fifth patient is an 88-year-old man from the Central Bohemian Region who was at home getting treatment and had a chronic disease.[54]

A sixth patient died at Thomayer University Hospital [cs]. The 75-year-old patient had diabetes and Parkinson's disease and also had advanced heart problems. The patient had been in the hospital since January and got infected while in post-operative care. After this patient tested positive for COVID-19, the hospital tested all 29 other patients in the same ward on 22 March, all negative. The test was repeated again on 25 March, this time with positive outcomes for 13 patients. Several of the hospital's staff had become infected earlier, probably while taking care of the Uber driver who would later become the first remdesivir receiver in the country. This patient was originally admitted with simple pneumonia without initial indication of COVID-19. Two of the infected nurses were hospitalised at the local pulmonary ward at the time of the sixth patient's death.[54][55]

The government was planning to evacuate Czechs from Australia and New Zealand by the end of the week. Hundreds of Czechs still remained abroad, mainly in Oceania and Southeast Asia.[54]

An Antonov An-124 Ruslan provided through the NATO Support and Procurement Agency arrived again with 24 tons of medical products purchased by the Czech government in China. The shipment included 52,600 protective suits, 70,900 protective glasses, 250,000 gloves, 1.16 million respirators and eight million masks. Further government purchased personal protection equipment shipments were planned for delivery with use of planes by the companies Smartwings and China Eastern Airlines, which were contracted for nine flights per week for six weeks in advance.[56]

Commuters

Thirty-seven thousand and 13,000 Czechs live in the Czech Republic and work in Germany and Austria, respectively, large portion of that in healthcare.[57] Cross-border workers (known as pendlers) were originally exempted from the complete travel ban. As Germany and Austria gradually became major centers of COVID-19 outbreak, the Government started tightening up rules for commuters. By 26 March, Czechs commuting to work in Austria and Germany were required to remain in those countries for at least 21 days. Upon return, they would be quarantined for 14 days. Czechs working in health, social services, and emergency services abroad were not subject to the new rules.[58][59] The rules were eased from 14 April onwards (see policies section below).

Districts bordering Germany and Austria gradually became major centers of COVID-19 outbreak in the Czech Republic. Domažlice District reached the highest number of COVID-19 positive persons relative to population size in the country. According to Vice-prime Minister Czech government avoided closing the commuter loophole because German and Austrian healthcare system in areas close to the border is dependent on Czech commuters and also because government feared it could lead Slovakia to close access to Slovak commuters working in Czech healthcare.[60][61][62]

26 March – A Taiwanese student in her twenties, who recently returned to Taiwan from the Czech Republic tested positive for coronavirus. She left the Czech Republic after 8 months in the country on 19 March 2020, announced symptoms (fever, diarrhoea) to Taiwanese authorities on 24 March and was diagnosed COVID-19 positive on 26 March 2020.[63] Thirty-four patients were in severe condition.[64]

27 March – Despite having been quarantined already for two weeks, at least six retirement homes were hit by the spread of the COVID-19 virus.[65] Authorities noted also the rising number of COVID-19 positive healthcare workers.[66] As the capacity for COVID-19 testing increased, authorities eased requirements for free testing. Anyone with a fever, dry cough or shortness of breath may be eligible for a free COVID-19 test.[13]

29 March – Five people died. Among the victims was a 45-year-old nurse from Thomayer Hospital, an elderly woman from a senior home in Michle and an elderly woman from a senior home in Břevnice. There were 227 patients in hospitals, 45 of them in severe condition.[67]

Week 14 (30 March – 5 April)

[edit]

30 March – In South Moravia, testing of the so-called "smart quarantine" was started: local travel history of infected persons were to be tracked using data from mobile phones and bank cards. Three hundred military personnel were deployed to reinforce local health authority for the purpose of tracing patients' contacts and collecting samples. If this approach is deemed successful by the authorities for diminishing the pandemic, the "smart quarantine" method is planned to replace the existing nationwide curfew policy.[68] The city of Uherský Brod started thorough disinfection of all common areas of apartment buildings and public areas after a significant increase in COVID-19 infections. Health authority registered thirty new cases in the town.[69] The Government also issued a decree for citizens to make cloth face masks for the nation.[70]

31 March – In a community of 72 people living in a retirement home in Litoměřice, 52 positive tests were confirmed.[71] Employees of the retirement home in Česká Kamenice decided to stay with their clients 24 hours a day until 15 April, to avoid the seniors getting COVID-19.[72]

1 April – One month ago the Czech Republic reported the first coronavirus case. A second senior from the Litoměřice retirement home died, as well as seniors from Prague and Moravia-Silesia.[73] The Department of Infectious Diseases of the Central Military Hospital in Prague has treated COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine. Eight of them have already been released for home quarantine. The evaluation of preliminary results of this therapy will be carried out in April. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were originally used to treat malaria, but at present they also help patients with autoimmune diseasesrheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers these substances as one of the options to treat COVID-19.[74]

Supreme Administrative Court ruled that Government decision to postpone the Senate district 32 by-election due to COVID-19 pandemic was illegal. According to the court, the Government lacked the authority to make such a decision, as that can only be done by an Act of Parliament. The by-election to fill a seat after Jaroslav Kubera, who died of heart attack, was originally planned on 27 March and would take place on 5 June.[75]

Czech aid to other countries
  • China: On 17 February, a plane with 4.5 tons of personal protection equipment donated by Czech Government left from Vienna to China.[76] The plane was also loaded with Hungarian, Slovak and Austrian PPE donations to China.
  • China: On 1 March, a plane with 5 tons of PPE (including 780,000 pairs of gloves, 48,000 face masks and 6.800 protection suits) left from Prague to China. This time the load was donated by a multitude of parties, including President's Office, Olomouc Region, Karlovy Vary Region, South Moravian Region, Vysočina Region, the town of Třebíč and Škoda Auto.[77] The donation was too large to fit into a single plane and thus there were further flights planned. Those, however, did not take place, as China declined to accept the aid.[78]
  • Italy: Czech Government donated 110,000 FFP2 respirators to Italy on 23 March. This donation took place after Czech authorities confiscated 680,000 respirators from a fraudster, who was stockpiling them in a warehouse in Lovosice. According to media, 110,000 of the confiscated respirators were originally sent from China as a donation to the 300,000 strong Chinese minority that lives in Northern Italy.[79][80]
  • Italy, Spain: 10,000 protective suits were donated to Italy and Spain each on 26 March (delivered on 30 March).[81]
  • Slovenia: One million face masks and 200,000 FFP2 respirators were donated to Slovenia on 1 April 2020.[82]
  • France: Czech Republic offered treatment of French COVID-19 patients in serious condition. First six patients were to be airlifted from France on 6 April and placed at University Hospital in Brno.[83] On the day of the planned airlift, however, France declined the help, stating that it is now able to better deal with the pandemic on its own.[84]
  • North Macedonia: Czech Republic donated 1 million face masks on 12 April 2020.[85]

Foreign aid to the Czech Republic

  • Taiwan: Taiwan donated 25 lung ventilators to hospitals in the Czech Republic at the beginning of April 2020.[86]
  • Japan: Japan donated experimental drug Avigan (Favipiravir) for treatment of 20 patients with option to sell packages for further 80 patients on 9 April 2020.[87]

2 April – One victim died at the General University Hospital in Prague (VFN); another victim was a 79-year-old patient hospitalised at the Hradec Králové University Hospital.[88] The government decided to extend the border control by 20 days. Border checks with Germany and Austria will last until midnight Friday, 24 April.[89]

3 April – A public controversy has arisen around shipments of personal protective equipment that the Czech Government purchased and airlifted from China. On 31 March, Mayor of Prague Zdeněk Hřib publicly praised Government of Taiwan for donating ICU ventilators to the Czech Republic, while pointing out that all of the equipment from China was purchased, none was donated. Representatives of China's business interest in the Czech Republic countered by claiming that China donated personal protective equipment that was to be handed over to Czech hospitals on 1 April. According to the media, Czech authorities received a promise of donation of PPE; however, none have reached the country by 3 April 2020.[90]

4 April – There were 29 infected police officers in the Czech Republic, 343 more were in preventive quarantine.[91]

Week 15 (6–12 April)

[edit]

6 April – Government eased a number of restrictive measures, e.g. by opening outside sporting grounds (including skiing, shooting ranges, etc.), movement in parks and nature without face masks and opening of more shops and services[citation needed] (see policies section below).

7 April – Government sought extension of the State of Emergency for 30 days, i.e. until 12 May 2020. Chamber of Deputies of Parliament granted extension until 30 April 2020.[92]

12 April – Government announced that it was preparing a plan for gradual lifting of remaining restrictions. Government aimed at reaching maximum of 400 newly infected people a day to prevent overburdening the healthcare system. Instead of general restrictions, the intended maximum number should be reached through contact tracing of positive cases (see policies section below).[93]

Week 16 (13–19 April)

[edit]

13 April – Number of COVID-19 tests sank from 8,000 a day to mere 3,200 a day during Easter weekend which included also Friday and Monday as state holidays. According to health authority, testing capacity during Easter weekend significantly surpassed demand for testing from potential patients. Health authority expected the demand to rise again in the following week.[14]

14 April – A month-long complete border closure ended (see policies section below). A large number of Czech Romanis started returning from particularly hit United Kingdom, where many lived for over 15 years, leading to fear of possible increase of COVID-19 infection.[94][95]

Hyundai factory in Nošovice, which makes 1,500 cars a day including Kona Electric, restarted production after three weeks' pause. Ten days later, Government exempted Korean Hyundai "specialists and key workers" needed for ramp up of electric vehicle production from cross-border and quarantine restrictions. Manufacturing plants were unaffected by Government restrictions; however, many had decided to close voluntarily.[18][19]

The Czech government outlines a five-step plan for re-opening shops, restaurants and other businesses. Each subsequent step will be triggered as planned only if the previous step has not resulted in a total of 400 new COVID-19 patients per day.[96]

Infographic for the official re-opening plan (in Czech) as released by the Czech government
  • 20 April: Farmers markets, tradesmen with shops, car shops and showrooms, outdoor athletic areas for professionals, without spectators, Weddings of up to 10 people following hygiene rules
  • 27 April: Shops under 200 square metres in size, except for those in shopping centers over 5,000 square metres and those specified to open at a later date.
  • 11 May: Shops under 1,000 square metres in size, except for those in shopping centers over 5,000 square metres and those specified to open at a later date, Driving schools, Gyms and fitness centers (but not changing rooms or showers)
  • 25 May: Outdoor areas of restaurants, cafes, pubs, buffets, wineries and beer shops with outdoor sales and garden seating areas, barbershops, hairdressers, nail salons, tanning salons, cosmetic salons, massage parlors, museums, galleries, and art halls, zoos (outdoor areas only)
  • 8 June: All shops in shopping centers, shops over 1,000 square metres in size outside of shopping centers, indoor areas of restaurants, cafes, pubs, buffets, wineries and beer shops, hotels and other accommodation providers (and their restaurants and cafes), taxi services, tattoo and piercing studios, theatres, castles, chateaux and other cultural activities according to the current regulations, mass events for a specified number of people, cultural, business, and sports events for less than 50 people, weddings following specific hygienic protocol, indoor areas of zoos

The aforementioned timeline was not kept as government significantly accelerated lifting of restrictions in the following weeks, with most being lifted by 11 May.

Week 17 (20–26 April)

[edit]

22 April – Prime Minister Andrej Babiš announced that the Government will not request the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament to extend the State of Emergency beyond 30 April. Meanwhile, Minister of Interior announced that he will seek further discussion of the topic, claiming that State of Emergency is crucial for Government's ability to fast procure and distribute personal protection equipment outside of standard lawful procurement process.[97]

The court determined that the fact that measures were not adopted by the Government under the Crisis Act powers, but by Ministry of Health under the Protection of Public Health Act, leads to violation of constitutional guarantees of separation of powers. When adopting measures under the Crisis Act, the Government is continually under the supervision of the Chamber of Deputies of Parliament. Under Art 5(4) of the Constitutional Act on the Security of the Czech Republic, the Chamber of Deputies can revoke the State of Emergency at any moment. Thus taking away Government's power to adopt crisis measures under the Crisis Act, including those that violate basic rights. Adoption of the measures by Ministry of Health under the Act on Protection of Public Health frustrated this control by the Chamber of Deputies. In effect, the respondent impermissibly restricted constitutional powers of the Chamber of Deputies.

— Judgement of the Municipal Court in Prague No. 14 A 41/2020, section 152, from 23 April 2020[98]

23 April – The Municipal Court in Prague invalidated some of the restrictions adopted to battle the COVID-19 spread. In particular, the court invalidated Ministry of Health Protection Measures that introduced curfew, banned hospital visits and banned selected retail sale and services. The court held that such wide restrictions of basic rights may be adopted only under the Crisis Act by the Government as whole and not under Protection of Public Health Act by the Ministry of Health alone. Both the curfew and retail sale ban were originally adopted by Government Resolutions on 14 and 15 March, respectively; however, then they were replaced by Ministry of Health Protection Measures from 24 March onwards. The court invalidated these measures from 27 April onwards, giving the Government three days to remedy the situation. The Ministry of Health may lodge an appeal to the Supreme Administrative Court. On the day of court's decision, there were suits against 17 other measures still pending.[99]

While Ministry of Health Protection Measures may be adopted indefinitely, Government Measures under Crisis Act may be adopted only for period of State of Emergency.[100] Government may declare State of Emergency for period of 30 days, any prolongation requires assent of the Chamber of Deputies.[101]

24 April – In line with the decision of the Municipal Court of Prague, the Government announced that it would seek Chamber of Deputies' consent to extend the State of Emergency until 25 May. At the same time the Government announced a faster roadmap for the lifting of restrictions.[102]

Week 18 (27 April – 3 May)

[edit]

28 April – The Government sought an extension of the State of Emergency until 25 May 2020. The Chamber of Deputies of Parliament granted an extension until 17 May 2020.[103]

Week 19 (4–10 May)

[edit]

6 May – The Ministry of Health presented the outcome of the COVID-19 prevalence study conducted over the previous weeks. Out of 26,549 people (volunteers and vulnerable groups with chronic diseases) tested for the presence of anti-bodies, the countrywide testing identified only 107 people with antibodies who were previously undetected. This showed a high success rate of contact tracing and quarantine measures and a very low rate of virus presence in the general population.[104]

Week 20 (11–17 May)

[edit]
Restaurants closure during pandemic
COVID19 – people waiting in front of restaurant in Prague for takeaway.
Between 14 March and 10 May 2020 restaurants could serve patrons only by direct delivery or through a takeaway window (doors).
COVID19 – people enjoying outside premises of restaurant.
Between 11 and 24 May 2020 restaurants could also serve patrons at their outdoors premises.

State of Emergency ended on 17 May. Extraordinary measures either ended or were extended beyond the State of Emergency with lesser restrictions. According to Ministry of Health, the main aim going forward was to achieve three main objectives:[105]

  • Prevent hospital overcapacity in order to be able to provide necessary care to all patients with COVID-19, including non-hospitalised. The main aim is to preserve Czech COVID-19 mortality at 2–3% as before and to prevent its rise to worldwide average of 7% or French mortality of 18%.
  • Prevent "explosive spread" of COVID-19 that would (a) include spread of more aggressive types of COVID-19 or (b) higher concentration of COVID-19 in body, as those lead to more dangerous development of illness.
  • Further lower mortality as better knowledge about COVID-19 and use of promising experimental drugs like remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine becomes available.

A court ordered pre-trial detention of a first person charged with spreading of COVID-19. A 32-year-old woman was arrested for movement at a public space without a face mask, although she had been personally ordered to remain in quarantine. Despite quarantine order, the woman used a taxi and visited a shopping mall. The woman was jailed at a hospital ward of Brno prison. If convicted, she may be sentenced to up to 8 years' imprisonment.[106]

Week 21 (18–25 May)

[edit]

A new major COVID-19 hotspot emerged in the city of Karviná. Over 150 workers became infected at a black coal mine where miners work in tight shafts as deep as 1,000 metres[107] underground. Authorities expected the number to significantly rise further as the workers' family members were likely to become positive later. Among those infected were also many foreign workers from Poland, where coal mines became hotspots in previous weeks. Health authority planned to conduct testing of all 2,400 workers within three days. Czech Army deployed six medical teams to assist local authority in collection of samples and contact tracing. As of 22 May, up to 40% of infected miners had no symptoms with many others reporting tiredness as the only symptom. Meanwhile, a school was temporarily closed down in nearby city of Havířov after a child of one of the miners tested positive. Apart from the coal mining hotspot, authorities deemed situation in the rest of the country as stable, except for Prague where they identified several small clusters with community spread.[108][109][110]

Week 23 (1–8 June): Further lifting of restrictions, opening of borders

[edit]

Most restrictions have been lifted.[111] Borders were reopened and events of up to 500 people allowed.[112]

Week 27 (27 Jun – 5 Jul)

[edit]

1 July – OKD suspends mining in Karviná area following COVID-19 outbreaks. In the ČSM mines, 704 of the 3,403 employees tested were positive for COVID-19. That equates to 20.7 per cent, but the vast majority of them had no or only very mild symptoms of the disease.[113]

Week 30 (20–26 Jul)

[edit]

23 July – An outbreak of coronavirus linked to a music club in Prague has increased to 98 cases, including footballers from several of the city's clubs. Czech Republic reported 247 new cases on Wednesday, the highest number since a spike in late June in Karvina.[114]

To combat an uptick in coronavirus cases in the country, Institute of Health Information and Statistics presented the Czech regional traffic light rating system, which has four levels.[115]

Timeline August–October 2020

[edit]

Week 35 (24–30 Aug)

[edit]

27 August – UK removes Czech Republic from list of "green" countries. Travellers arriving from the Czech Republic will have to quarantine from 0400 hrs on Saturday, the UK Government has announced.[116]

The Czech PM Andrej Babiš nixes the preventive face mask regulations established by Health Ministry, which were supposed to come in place when children return to school after the holidays on 1 September. Masks will now no longer be needed anywhere in schools, with the exception of schools that make it to the "orange" level of medium-risk for COVID-19 in the Czech Republic's regional health map. Masks will need to be worn on public transport, inside healthcare environments, and polling stations.[117]

Week 36 (31 Aug – 6 Sep)

[edit]

1 September – 257 new cases reported. Mandatory to wear face masks on public transport, public indoor areas (such as shopping malls, offices, post offices, offices) and indoor public events, regardless of the number of visitors. Schools are excluded from the restrictions.[118]

Schools re-open across the country[119]

Week 37 (7–14 Sep)

[edit]

10 September – 1,161 new cases. Number of new cases has now exceeded 1,000 for the past two days.[120] face masks will be required in all indoor spaces throughout the Czech Republic from today. There are a total of 25 exceptions to that requirement, including when eating or drinking in restaurants, exercising in gyms, or working in an office at least two meters away from others. Schools, kindergartens and playgrounds are excluded from restrictions[120]

Belgium has placed Prague on its list of "red" risk zones, requiring a mandatory two-week quarantine on arrival for incoming travellers from the Czech capital.[120]

Week 38 (14–20 Sep)

[edit]

18 September – The Czech Republic reported more than 3,000 cases in a single day for the first time[121]

The wearing of face masks is now mandatory in all interior spaces of universities. Kindergartens and primary schools and playgrounds remain regularly open, where no face masks will be needed.[122]

Week 39 (21–27 Sep)

[edit]

21 September – Czech Health Minister Adam Vojtěch has unexpectedly announced his resignation.[123] Roman Prymula will become new Czech Health Minister. Prymula predicted that the daily number of COVID-19 cases in Czech Republic will soon reach 6,000–8,000, after hitting a high of over 3,000 cases in the previous week.[124]

25 September Ladislav Dušek, director of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics (ÚZIS), announced that in the first two weeks of September, almost 400 teachers in Czech schools became infected with COVID-19. Dušek also stated that from the beginning of the epidemic until mid-September, workers in administration and engineering, the unemployed, and the self-employed were the groups that got infected most often. The number of infected healthcare professionals has also grown significantly recently. According to data published by the Czech Medical Chamber, 259 physicians became infected up until 19 September. However, just a month earlier it was four people. Among nurses, the number of people infected increased from three to 433 from 20 August.[125]

Week 41 (5–11 Oct)

[edit]

5 October – The Czech Republic comes under a state of emergency. Indoor events with over 10 participants will be prohibited, the same applies to outdoor events with over 20 participants. Professional sport matches will be without spectators and can be attended by a maximum of 130 athletes, coaches, and other members of the staff. Concerts, theatre performances, and other artistic performances and festivals involving a significant amount of singing, including rehearsals are prohibited. There is a 100-person limit on the attendance of religious services, at which singing is also prohibited. Limit of 30 people for weddings and funerals Restrictions will also apply to the number of people sharing one table at restaurants and other catering facilities as only six people at most will be allowed to sit at one table. Educational facilities would follow the instructions of their regional public health authorities, which will issue measures depending on the situation in the region and in line with the epidemiological traffic light system. A restriction on tuition in the form of a switch to distance learning is to apply to secondary and higher vocational schools and universities in regions with a red or amber. Kindergartens and first stage primary schools remain regularly open, where no face masks will be needed. The wearing of face masks is mandatory in all interior spaces of universities. No restrictions on travelling were introduced[126][127]

8 October – New record with 5,335 new COVID-19 cases reported in the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic overtook Spain as Europe's most-affected country.

The percentage of COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalisation rose above 4% for the first time in three months.

Secondary schools and universities have switched to distance learning but only in high-risk areas of the Czech Republic. Visits and tours to zoos and all organised hobby, recreational and other clubs for children from 6 to 18 years old are banned. Kindergartens and primary schools remain regularly open, where no face masks will be needed.[128]

9 October – The Czech government announced new restrictions. Indoor sports facilities and culture venues will have to close for 2 weeks. Restaurants and other catering facilities will have to close as early as 8 pm. Dining establishments will be limited to 4 people at one table, and pupils in the upper level of elementary schools will alternate in-class and distance learning.

A group of shopping centers in Prague have decided to temporarily switch off their wifi in an attempt to stop students from gathering there. Lower levels of elementary schools, kindergartens and playgrounds are not effected by the new restrictions and remain open, without face masks needed.[129]

Age specific COVID-19 cases in Czech Republic in September[130]

Week 42 (12–18 Oct)

[edit]

12 October – The presence of students at universities will be prohibited, with the exception of clinical and practical teaching as well internships in study programmes for general medicine, dentistry, pharmacology and other healthcare study programmes.[131] Measures were also taken on 12 October that were intended for elementary and secondary schools, but they were substantially changed the following day.

13 October – Czech government unveiled very strict anti-COVID measures. They will be valid for 14 days, starting from 14 October. The new measures include the closure of pubs and restaurants and a ban on public alcohol consumption. Pubs and restaurants may still operate on a delivery and takeaway basis. Takeaway windows can only operate until 8 pm. Additional measures are aimed at preventing people from gathering in public. They include a limit on group sizes to a maximum of six people. The requirement to wear a face mask in all train, tram, and bus stations is mandatory. All primary and secondary schools will switch to distance learning. The measures regarding schools will last through 1 November. Playgrounds and kindergartens remain open without any restrictions.[132]

Police from the 11th General Crime Department of the First Police District in Prague uncovered an underground venue on Vodičková Street in central Prague operating after 8 pm, with around 35 guests packed into a cellar bar, who were drinking, dancing, and consuming drugs in late hours of the night.[133]

15 October – A record 9,500 COVID cases out of a record amount of 30,894 performed tests. Czech Railways restricts connections and will adjust the operation of long-distance trains beyond rush hours.[134] Prime Minister Andrej Babiš announced the government will start increasing the number of beds outside hospitals this weekend. Around 3,000 beds plus an additional 1,000 for specialised treatment. Locations the government is looking at are spa facilities around the country and a field hospital, to be built by the army, at the Letňany Exhibition Center.[135]

18 October – A Sunday-afternoon demonstration against the Czech government's anti-coronavirus restrictions ended in dramatic clashes between protesters and the police after the rally was officially terminated. There were roughly 2,000 people at the rally. Several protesters were football fans who attempted to break through the police cordon. Resulting in 144 arrests and dozens of injuries[136]

Week 43 (19–25 Oct)

[edit]

20 October – Face masks again become mandatory at outdoor locations in cities, towns and villages where people are less than two meters apart. Within the Czech Republic, the highest rates of COVID-19 infection are now being reported in Zlín (798 cases per 100,000 residents over the past seven days), Plzeň-North (725 cases), and Prostějov (720 cases). In Prague, there have been 501 COVID-19 cases per 100,000 residents over the past week.[137]

21 October – Government have announced a new series of lockdown measures that will close most shops and services from the 22nd. With the exception of grocery stores, drugstores, pharmacies, and other shops providing essential goods all retail stores in the Czech Republic must close as of 6:00 a.m. on Thursday morning, 22 October. The same applies to hairdressers, nail salons, and other venues providing similar services. Outside groups will be limited to a maximum of two, with the exception of family members from the same household. Only necessary travel should be undertaken, such as travelling to work or to buy food. The new measures will last until the end of the current state of emergency in the Czech Republic, on 3 November. The new measures do not affect the operation of nurseries and kindergartens, which may remain open. All other schools in the Czech Republic have switched to distance learning.[138]

23 October – The health minister Roman Prymula has been under fire to resign after a media report that he broke strict government restrictions and visited a Prague restaurant, which should have been closed following the restrictions set by his ministry. In the photographs, Prymula also didn't wear a mandatory mask.[139]

Statistics

[edit]

Cumulative cases

[edit]

Nationwide

[edit]

Daily cases

[edit]

Medical care

[edit]

Tests per day

[edit]
Tests per day (including repeated tests on the same person)[1]

Development daily ratio (in%) of number of persons tested positive on the total number of tests performed

[edit]
Development daily ratio (in%) of number of persons tested positive on the total number of tests performed (including repeated tests on the same person)[2]

Development of R ratio in the Czech Republic

[edit]
Development of R ratio in the Czech Republic[3]

*The reproduction number (R ratio) is a way of rating coronavirus or any disease's ability to spread. If the reproduction number is higher than one (1,0), then the number of cases increases exponentially if the number is lower the disease will eventually stop spreading, as not enough new people are being infected to sustain the outbreak.[140][circular reference]

Overall statistics

[edit]
On 10 December, the Collection of Laws published a decree introducing compulsory vaccination (against COVID-19) for people over the age of 60 and for selected professions where higher risk coronavirus infections. This decree is issued pursuant to Act No. 258/2000 Coll.
Confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Czech Republic by sex and age as of 27 December 2020[141]
Classification Cases Recovered Deaths Lethality
Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total
All 314,997 (47.7 %) 345,261 (52.3 %) 660,240 (100%) 277,485 (47.5 %) 306,110 (52.5 %) 583,595 (100%) 6,314 (56.1 %) 4,944 (43.9 %) 11,258 (100%) 2 % 1.43 % 1.71 %
Age 0–14 30,180 28,708 58,888 26,598 (9.6%) 25,250 (8.2%) 51,848 (8.9%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
15–24 33,061 33,372 66,433 30,427 (11.0%) 30,647 (10.0%) 61,074 (10.5%) 2 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (0.0%) 0.01 % 0.00% 0 %
25–34 48,281 45,733 94,014 44,480 (16.0%) 41,571 (13.6%) 86,051 (14.7%) 12 (0.2%) 7 (0.1%) 19 (0.2%) 0.02 % 0.02 % 0.02 %
35–44 55,454 62,034 117,488 50,016 (18.0%) 55,725 (18.2%) 105,741 (18.1%) 40 (0.6%) 25 (0.5%) 65 (0.6%) 0.07 % 0.04 % 0.06 %
45–54 58,329 69,582 127,911 52,597 (19.0%) 63,137 (20.6%) 115,734 (19.8%) 107 (1.7%) 64 (1.3%) 171 (1.5%) 0.18 % 0.09 % 0.13 %
55–64 42,854 45,217 88,071 37,997 (13.7%) 40,338 (13.2%) 78,385 (13.4%) 462 (7.3%) 196 (4.0%) 658 (5.8%) 1.08 % 0.43 % 0.75 %
65–74 27,270 27,716 54,986 21,976 (7.9%) 23,443 (7.7%) 45,419 (7.8%) 1,729 (27.4%) 814 (16.5%) 2,543 (22.6%) 6.34 % 2.94 % 4.62 %
75–84 14,351 19,675 34,026 10,097 (3.6%) 15,758 (5.1%) 25,855 (4.4%) 2,473 (39.2%) 1,804 (36.5%) 4,277 (38.0%) 17.23 % 9.17 % 12.57 %
85+ 5,199 13,224 18,426 3,297 (1.2%) 10,191 (3.3%) 13,488 (2.3%) 1,489 (24.3%) 2,034 (41.7%) 3,523 (31.5%) 28.64 % 15.38 % 19.12 %
COVID-19 cases in the Czech Republic[2][142]
Date Confirmed Recovered
Deaths Active
cases
Tested
(Total)
Detected
ratio
New Total New Total New Total
28 February 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 193
29 February 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200
1 March 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 211 27.27%
2 March 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 262 0%
3 March 2 5 0 0 0 0 5 340 2.56%
4 March 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 407 0%
5 March 3 8 0 0 0 0 8 483 3.95%
6 March 11 19 0 0 0 0 19 594 9.91%
7 March 7 26 0 0 0 0 26 787 3.63%
8 March 6 32 0 0 0 0 32 928 4.26%
9 March 6 38 0 0 0 0 38 1,193 2.26%
10 March 25 63 0 0 0 0 63 1,358 15.15%
11 March 31 94 0 0 0 0 94 1,816 6.77%
12 March 22 116 0 0 0 0 116 2,353 4.1%
13 March 25 141 0 0 0 0 141 3,198 2.96%
14 March 48 189 0 0 0 0 189 4,184 4.87%
15 March 109 298 3 3 0 0 295 5,212 10.6%
16 March 85 383 0 3 0 0 380 6,531 6.44%
17 March 67 450 0 3 0 0 447 7,825 5.18%
18 March 110 560 0 3 0 0 557 9,581 6.26%
19 March 205 765 1 4 0 0 761 11,840 5.11%
20 March 124 889 4 8 0 0 881 13,961 5.85%
21 March 158 1,047 1 9 0 0 1,038 15,843 8.4%
22 March 114 1,161 0 9 1 1 1,151 17,644 6.33%
23 March 126 1,287 3 12 0 1 1,274 19,935 5.5%
24 March 185 1,472 1 13 2 3 1,456 22,997 6.04%
25 March 291 1,763 3 16 6 9 1,738 27,104 7.09%
26 March 259 2,022 7 23 1 10 1,989 31,737 5.59%
27 March 373 2,395 11 34 2 12 2,349 37,096 6.96%
28 March 262 2,657 4 38 5 17 2,602 41,320 6.2%
29 March 160 2,817 12 50 6 23 2,744 44,168 5.62%
30 March 184 3,001 25 75 5 28 2,898 49,327 3.57%
31 March 307 3,308 14 89 7 35 3,184 55,988 4.61%
Date Confirmed Recovered
Deaths Active
cases
Tested
(Total)
Detected
ratio
New Total New Total New Total
1 April 281 3,589 40 129 8 43 3,417 62,090 4.61%
2 April 269 3,858 35 164 5 48 3,646 68,763 4.03%
3 April 332 4,190 54 218 9 57 3,915 76,161 4.49%
4 April 282 4,472 39 257 8 65 4,150 81,998 4.83%
5 April 115 4,587 39 296 11 76 4,215 86,810 2.39%
6 April 235 4,822 81 377 7 83 4,362 93,245 3.65%
7 April 195 5,017 110 487 9 92 4,438 101,418 2.39%
8 April 295 5,312 96 583 14 106 4,623 109,887 3.48%
9 April 257 5,569 162 745 11 117 4,707 118,067 3.14%
10 April 163 5,732 120 865 10 127 4,740 123,769 2.86%
11 April 170 5,902 119 984 10 137 4,781 128,660 3.48%
12 April 89 5,991 99 1,083 10 147 4,761 131,910 2.74%
13 April 68 6,059 97 1,180 10 157 4,722 135,125 2.12%
14 April 82 6,141 178 1,358 8 165 4,618 141,298 1.33%
15 April 160 6,301 184 1,542 0 165 4,594 149,774 1.89%
16 April 132 6,433 245 1,787 2 167 4,479 158,155 1.57%
17 April 116 6,549 287 2,074 7 174 4,301 166,443 1.4%
18 April 105 6,654 132 2,206 5 179 4,269 172,048 1.87%
19 April 92 6,746 132 2,338 9 188 4,220 176,075 2.28%
20 April 154 6,900 212 2,550 8 196 4,154 182,642 2.35%
21 April 133 7,033 202 2,752 9 205 4,076 190,983 1.59%
22 April 99 7,132 276 3,028 2 207 3,897 199,801 1.12%
23 April 55 7,187 216 3,244 5 212 3,731 207,702 0.7%
24 April 86 7,273 223 3,467 7 219 3,587 214,831 1.21%
25 April 79 7,352 122 3,589 4 223 3,540 219,277 1.78%
26 April 52 7,404 75 3,664 3 226 3,514 222,658 1.54%
27 April 41 7,445 163 3,827 1 227 3,391 230,412 0.53%
28 April 59 7,504 127 3,954 4 231 3,319 239,153 0.67%
29 April 75 7,579 157 4,111 4 235 3,233 246,475 1.02%
30 April 103 7,682 166 4,277 9 244 3,161 253,871 1.39%
Date Confirmed Recovered
Deaths Active
cases
Tested
(Total)
Detected
ratio
New Total New Total New Total
1 May 55 7,737 98 4,375 6 250 3,112 258,284 1.25%
2 May 18 7,755 90 4,465 2 252 3,038 262,164 0.46%
3 May 26 7,781 53 4,518 3 255 3,008 266,045 0.67%
4 May 38 7,819 134 4,652 5 260 2,907 273,672 0.5%
5 May 77 7,896 141 4,793 2 262 2,841 283,119 0.82%
6 May 78 7,974 151 4,944 4 266 2,764 291,202 0.96%
7 May 57 8,031 132 5,076 5 271 2,684 298,784 0.75%
8 May 46 8,077 53 5,129 4 275 2,673 303,341 1.01%
9 May 18 8,095 64 5,193 4 279 2,623 307,123 0.48%
10 May 28 8,123 41 5,234 3 282 2,607 311,174 0.69%
11 May 53 8,176 110 5,344 2 284 2,548 318,979 0.68%
12 May 45 8,221 77 5,421 3 287 2,513 327,688 0.52%
13 May 48 8,269 115 5,536 4 291 2,443 335,375 0.62%
14 May 82 8,351 77 5,613 3 294 2,445 342,262 1.19%
15 May 55 8,406 62 5,675 2 296 2,436 348,965 0.82%
16 May 49 8,455 36 5,711 1 297 2,448 353,223 1.15%
17 May 20 8,475 43 5,754 2 299 2,423 356,717 0.57%
18 May 111 8,586 66 5,913 3 302 2,372 364,115 1.5%
19 May 61 8,647 37 5,950 2 304 2,394 372,440 0.73%
20 May 74 8,721 63 6,013 5 309 2,400 379,948 0.99%
21 May 33 8,754 38 6,051 3 312 2,392 387,235 0.45%
22 May 59 8,813 15 6,066 2 314 2,434 394,944 0.77%
23 May 77 8,890 31 6,254 1 315 2,322 400,112 1.49%
24 May 65 8,955 23 6,309 2 317 2,329 403,722 1.8%
25 May 47 9,002 70 6,456 1 318 2,227 411,142 0.63%
26 May 48 9,050 60 6,516 0 318 2,215 418,372 0.66%
27 May 36 9,086 62 6,578 0 318 2,189 425,146 0.53%
28 May 54 9,140 25 6,603 2 320 2,216 431,157 0.9%
29 May 56 9,196 42 6,645 0 320 2,230 437,255 0.92%
30 May 34 9,230 22 6,667 0 320 2,242 440,761 0.97%
31 May 38 9,268 14 6,681 0 320 2,266 442,866 1.81%
Date Confirmed Recovered
Deaths Active
cases
Tested
(Total)
Detected
ratio
New Total New Total New Total
1 June 34 9,302 38 6,880 2 320 2,102 449,356 0.52%
2 June 62 9,364 52 6,932 1 321 2,111 455,834 0.96%
3 June 74 9,438 54 6,986 1 322 2,130 461,147 1.39%
4 June 56 9,494 32 7,018 2 324 2,151 466,158 1.12%
5 June 35 9,529 44 7,062 0 324 2,142 470,331 0.84%
6 June 38 9,567 10 7,092 0 324 2,151 472,481 1.77%
7 June 61 9,628 13 7,105 1 325 2,198 474,608 2.87%
8 June 69 9,697 35 7,140 0 325 2,232 479,292 1.47%
9 June 54 9,751 20 7,160 1 326 2,265 483,844 1.19%
10 June 73 9,824 48 7,329 1 327 2,168 487,912 1.79%
11 June 62 9,886 23 7,352 1 328 2,206 491,651 1.66%
12 June 52 9,938 29 7,381 1 329 2,228 495,377 1.4%
13 June 53 9,991 9 7,390 0 329 2,272 497,029 3.21%
14 June 33 10,024 8 7,398 1 330 2,272 498,150 2.94%
15 June 40 10,064 17 7,415 1 331 2,318 501,823 1.09%
16 June 47 10,111 17 7,415 1 332 2,347 505,846 1.17%
17 June 51 10,162 28 7,432 1 333 2,369 509,882 1.26%
18 June 118 10,280 17 7,477 2 335 2,468 514,233 2.71%
19 June 126 10,406 27 7,504 0 335 2,567 517,584 3.76%
20 June 42 10,448 0 7,504 0 335 2,609 519,147 2.69%
21 June 50 10,498 1 7,505 1 336 2,657 520,344 4.18%
29 June 201 11,827 51 8,982 0 344 2,501 551,677 4.18%
Date Confirmed Recovered
Deaths Active
cases
Tested
(Total)
Detected
ratio
New Total New Total New Total
6 July 51 12,585 38 9,438 1 351 2,796 575,381 2.98%
20 July 169 14,128 114 11,427 0 389 2,342 632,395 2.92%
3 August 208 16,996 210 12,925 2 385 3,686 714,756 2.69%
17 August 191 20,203 266 15,587 4 403 4,213 807,398 2.66%
31 August 256 24,616 290 18,564 1 424 5,628 912,715 2.74%
7 September 560 28,710 313 20,183 2 439 8,088 984,044 4.95%

Epidemic curve

[edit]
Inhibiting new infections to reduce the number of cases at any given time—known as flattening the curve—allows healthcare services to better manage the same volume of patients.[143]

Flattening the curve

[edit]

The main priority of affected nations currently is to move to a slower doubling time of new cases, to ensure less crowded hospitals and therefore a lower case-fatality rate.[144][145]

Governments of different countries take different approaches to flatten the epidemic curve. Beside travel bans and isolation of complete communities, citizens are also often requested to stay at home and keep social distance.[144]

Research indicates that measures must be applied rigorously and immediately to be effective. Also, the national community's commitment to supporting/tolerating the restrictions and following the advice of health authorities plays an important role in the success of flattening the epidemic curve and limiting the spread of the virus.[146][147]

For example, in South Korea mass testing efforts were successful. The South Korean national testing capacity reached 15,000 tests per day. Compared to population size, the Czech Republic reached the same rate of testing on 23 March 2020. The Ministry of Interior in South Korea also rolled out a smartphone app that can track the quarantined and collect data on symptoms, so scientists are able to see more epidemiological data.[148]

Curve comparison

[edit]

Comparing cumulative numbers of confirmed cases in selected countries, including the Czech Republic, shows the different curves of the epidemic in different countries.[149][150] The chart shows the number of known cases and the pace at which the number increases on a logarithmic scale. The actual number of people infected may be and likely is, significantly higher, as only cases where the virus was confirmed by laboratory testing are shown. Many cases may only have an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic course of the disease and never seek treatment. In yet others, the infection may still be in the incubation period, when it is asymptomatic and may not yet be detectable even by testing.[151]

COVID-19 Epidemic curve selected countries (Logarithmic scale / from the 100th case)

*Datasource: Wikipedia

COVID-19 Epidemic curve selected countries per 1M pop. (Linear scale / from the 100th case)

*Datasource: Wikipedia[citation needed][circular reference]

Czech restriction actions:/ Day 0: Schools closed / Day 2: State of Emergency: close of sport facilities & close restaurants & bars at 8pm, border control, travel restrictions, ban 30+ events /Day 3: Criminalize spreading virus on purpose/Day 4: Complete closure all shops restaurants & bars excl. food shops, petrol, pharmacies/Day 5: Nationwide quarantine excl. shopping, employment need/ Day 6: Borders closed&closure municipalities in Olomouc region/ Day 8: Mandatory nose&mouth cover/ Day 9: Special 7–9 shop-opening hours for seniors/ Day 10: Changed special 8–10 shop-opening hours for seniors.

Czech eased restriction actions:/Day 20: Lifted closure municipalities in Olomouc region/ Day 27: Ease movement rule in parks & nature without face mask and opening some outside sporting grounds/ Day 35: Eased conditions of entry to the territory of the Czech Republic/Day 40: reopening farmers markets & small stores

Case details

[edit]

Detailed information was reported regarding most of the first 99 cases, up to 12 March 2020:

Case details
Case no. Date announced Status Origin type Origin Location Treatment facility Sex Age Nationality
City Region
1[26] 1 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Udine Prague Prague Home isolation Male 67  CZE
2[26] 1 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Milan Prague Prague Bulovka Hospital, Prague Female ~20  USA
3[26] 1 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Male ~43  CZE
4[29] 2 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Female 53  CZE
5[30] 3 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Milan Prague Prague Bulovka Hospital, Prague Female 21  ECU
6[153] 4 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Passo del Tonale[154] Prague Prague Home isolation Female  CZE
7[156] 4 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Male  CZE
8[156] 4 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Female  CZE
9[31] 5 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Passo del Tonale Prague Prague Home isolation Male 45  CZE
10[31] 5 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Prague Prague Home isolation Male 45  ITA
11[31] 5 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic household Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Female ~66  CZE
12[31] 5 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Passo del Tonale Prague Prague Home isolation Male  CZE
13 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related Home isolation ~1  CZE
14 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related Male  CZE
15 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  United States, Boston Female  CZE
16 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  CZE
17 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Female 12  CZE
18 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Děčín Ústí nad Labem Region Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem Female 50  CZE
19 6 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Lombardy Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Female  CZE
20 7 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic known connection Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Female  CZE
21 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Passo del Tonale Home isolation Male  CZE
22 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  United States, Boston Home isolation Male  CZE
23 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Home isolation Male  CZE
24 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Home isolation Female  CZE
25 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Austria Home isolation Male  CZE
26 7 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Austria Home isolation Female  CZE
27 8 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Val Gardena Prague Prague Home isolation Male  CZE
28 8 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Val Gardena Prague Prague Home isolation Female  CZE
29 8 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Litoměřice Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Female  CZE
30 8 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Auronzo di Cadore Litoměřice Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Female  CZE
31 8 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic family Ústí nad Labem Region Home isolation Male  CZE
32 8 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic known connection Hradec Králové Hradec Králové Region Home isolation Male  CZE
33 9 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Trentino Rožnov pod Radhoštěm Zlín Region Female ~42  CZE
34 9 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic known connection Prague Prague Home isolation Male ~12  CZE
35 9 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Trentino Prague Prague Home isolation Male ~45  CZE
36 9 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic known connection Home isolation Female ~62  CZE
37 9 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Trentino Central Bohemian Region Male  CZE
38 9 March 2020 Confirmed Community spread Czech Republic Prague Prague Prague Bulovka Hospital, Prague Male 40–45  CZE
39 10 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic workplace Central Bohemian Region Female ~61  CZE
40 10 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Sexten Ústí nad Labem Region Male ~54  CZE
41 10 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Germany Prostějov Olomouc Region Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region Male ~55  JPN
42 10 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Austria Pardubice Region Home isolation Male  CZE
43 10 March 2020 Confirmed Prague Prague Female
44 10 March 2020 Confirmed Prague Prague Male Child  CZE
45 10 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Litovel Olomouc Region Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region Male  CZE
46 10 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Litovel Olomouc Region Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region Female  CZE
47–63 10 March 2020 Confirmed
64 11 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Livigno Plzeň Region Female  CZE
65 11 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Trentino Zlín Region Male
66 11 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Dolomites Brno South Moravian Region Home isolation Male  CZE
67 11 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy, Dolomites Brno South Moravian Region Home isolation Female  CZE
68 11 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic Brno, household Brno South Moravian Region University Hospital Brno Female 84  CZE
69–94 11 March 2020 Confirmed
95 12 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Germany South Bohemian Region Home isolation Male 45–50
96 12 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Liberec Region Regional Hospital Liberec Female 59  CZE
97 12 March 2020 Confirmed Travel-related  Italy Karlovy Vary Region Home isolation Male 65+  CZE
98 12 March 2020 Confirmed Person-to-person spread Czech Republic Prague Litomyšl Pardubice Region Pardubice Hospital Female 30  CZE
99 12 March 2020 Confirmed Community spread Czech Republic Frýdek-Místek Frýdek-Místek Moravian-Silesian Region Female  CZE

Policies to fight the contagion

[edit]
Policy details
Type of Measure Specific Details Date enacted In force Note Authority
Soft measures Travel restrictions (before border closure) Suspension of issuing of new visas in China. 30 January 2020 Indefinitely.

Revoked on 21 April 2020.

Visas issued prior remained valid. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-2/PRO[184]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16518/2020-1/MIN/KAN[185]

Suspension of direct flights to/from China. 8 February 2020 From 9 February onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked on 21 April 2020.

Ten direct flights a week, all of them cancelled. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 4618/2020-1/MIN/KAN[186]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 4618/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[187]

Suspension of direct flights to/from selected regions of Italy. 2 March 2020 From 5 March 2020 until 19 March 2020. All direct flights to/from Italian regions Emillia-Romagna, Piemont, Lombardia, Venetia suspended.

Around 100,000–110,000 Czechs visited Northern Italy over the previous month (mostly for skiing holidays).

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-6/PRO[188]
Suspension of direct flights to/from South Korea. 2 March 2020 From 5 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked on 24 March 2020.

All direct flights to/from South Korea suspended. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-5/PRO[189]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-15/PRO (revocation)[190]

Suspension of issuing of new visas in Iran. 7 March 2020 From 7 March onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked on 21 April 2020.

Applies to all applicants requesting visas in Iran (notwithstanding nationality). Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10384/2020-1/MIN/KAN[191]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10384/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[192]

Random medical checks at major border crossings 7 March 2020 From 9 March 7 am onwards (indefinitely). Major border crossings (Rozvadov, Folmava, Železná ruda, Dolní Dvořiště, Strážný, Mikulov, Hatě, Břeclav, Cínovec, and Pomezí) staffed by a combination of police, customs, and fire service personnel.

Drivers provided with informational leaflets in Czech, English, German and Italian.

Random temperature checks of vehicle occupants.

Similar measures put in place at all international airports as well as in cross-border trains.

People with symptoms can either turn back at the border or be transported by a HAZMAT ambulance for medical examination at the nearest hospital.

Army deployed on 10 March (see below).

Government[193][194]
Restrictions on sale of medical means FFP3 respirators sale ban

FFP3 respirators may be sold only to:

  • healthcare providers (exemption revoked on 6 March)
  • welfare providers (exemption revoked on 6 March)
  • Czech Republic government and its component agencies
  • resellers of FFP3 based in the Czech Republic, provided resellers will sell only to the other groups mentioned
3 March 2020 From 4 March onwards (indefinitely)

Revoked on 6 April 2020

The FFP3 respirators sale ban was preceded by a memo from Security Information Service to the Government, according to which Chinese embassy in Prague was conducting massive purchases of respirators available on Czech market during January and February and transferring them to China.[46]

This led to shortage of FFP3 respirators for use by healthcare providers which lasted for weeks after the ban was passed.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-8/PRO[195]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-12/PRO[196]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-1/MIN/KAN[197] (revocation)

Hand sanitizers export ban. 5 March 2020 From 5 March onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked on 21 April 2020.

Ban on export of hand sanitizers listed in Annex 1, Category 1 of EU Regulation No. 528/2012 (with exemption of small amounts for personal use). Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-9/PRO[198]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16771/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[199]

Ban on export of medication 17 March 2020 From 17 March onwards (indefinitely). 17 March – 1 April 2020 – general ban on export of medication.

From 1 April onwards – ban on export of selected medication.

Ban only on export of medication destined for the Czech market. Medication manufactured directly to foreign order may still be exported.

Government Regulation No. 104/2020 Coll. (until 1 April)[200]

Government Regulation No. 146/2020. Coll (after 1 April)[201]

Duty to report gatherings over 5,000 people. Organisers must inform health authorities about all planned gatherings where they expect 5,000 or more visitors during a single day 4 March 2020 From 4 March onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked on 17 April

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 9826/2020-1/HES[202]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 9826/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[203]

Quarantine Spectators banned from attending the World Biathlon Cup Championship race in Nové Město na Moravě. Championship can take place, but no spectators allowed. 2 March 2020 From 5 March 2020 to 8 March 2020. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-7/PRO[189]
Residents returning from abroad ordered to self-quarantine for 14 days. All residents of the Czech Republic (citizens and non-citizens), as well as other persons working in the Czech Republic who return to the country from Italy, are ordered to contact their general practitioner by phone or email and self-quarantine for 14 days. Exemptions: (1) truck drivers that use FFP2 or FFP3 respirators while out of the vehicle in Italy, (2) ambulance crews under specific conditions and (3) pilots that did not leave their aeroplane while in Italy. 7 March 2020 From 7 March onwards (indefinitely).

Replaced by other measures (see below).

Formally revoked on 17 April 2020.

Measure replaced a similar one that was issued a day earlier, which did not include any exemptions.

Up to CZK 3 million fine for breach of self-quarantine.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10381/2020-1/MIN/KAN[193]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10381/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[204]

Anyone who visited one of the selected countries over the past 14 days subject to mandatory self-quarantine of 14 days. List of countries may be updated daily.

Anyone crossing borders into the Czech Republic must allow authorities to perform a medical check.

10 March 2020 From 10 March onwards (indefinitely). Up to CZK 3 million (about €120,000) fine for breach of self-quarantine. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10653/201-1/MIN/KAN[205]
All residents of the Czech Republic (citizens and non-citizens) who return from selected countries.

List of selected countries subject to daily updates, as of the day of measure adoption they are: China, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, and France.

Freight drivers exempted and recommended to "limit contact with locals as far as feasible".

13 March 2020 From 13 March onwards (indefinitely).

Replaced from 14 April onwards.

Exemptions:
  • International freight transport: drivers, flight crews, train crews, ship crews. Also exempt are freight transport workers employed abroad.
  • Diplomatic staff.
  • Emergency services while on duty (police, EMT, fire, mountain rescue, etc.).
  • Persons who verifiably periodically cross borders, especially workers with a place of employment no further than 100 kilometres from the border.
  • Citizens of Germany, Austria, Poland and Slovakia who verifiably periodically cross borders, especially workers with a place of employment no further than 100 kilometres from the border.
  • Epidemiology, humanitarian and health experts.
  • Members of the European Parliament.
  • Minors that are citizens of an EU Member state and whose parent is a Czech citizen.
  • Persons transporting blood, bone marrow and/or organs for purpose of transplantation.
  • Persons with a serious medical condition for purpose of undertaking medical procedures abroad.
  • Persons who merely used Airport Transit Zones within selected countries.

Up to CZK 3 million (about €120,000) fine for breach of self-quarantine.

Government Resolution No. 209/2020 Coll.[206]

Ministry of Interior Notice on Exemptions from travel restrictions during the State of Emergency[207]

Anyone entering the Czech Republic has duty to contact health authority and may be subject to mandatory 14 days' quarantine (with exemptions). 6 April 2020 From 14 April until the end of the State of Emergency.

Extended on 15 May (indefinitely).

Exemptions – see referenced Government Resolution.

Significant change in rules from 27 April onwards—see border restrictions below.

Government Resolution No. 387 published as No. 150/2020 Coll.[7]

Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[208]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20599/2020-1/MIN/KAN[209]

Contact tracing Confirmed COVID-19 patients' contacts preventively quarantined for 14 days. 7 March 2020 From 8 March onwards (indefinitely). Authorities actively seek all people who were in contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients.

Those are then ordered to mandatory 14 days' preventive self-quarantine. They also get tested for COVID-19, typically after 5 days.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10386/2020-1/MIN/KAN[210]
Use of mobile phone geolocation data and debit card payments for contact tracing 19 March 2020 From 19 March onwards (indefinitely). Mobile phone operators and banks obliged to provide geolocation data to health authority, if so requested. Data must be provided subject to following conditions (cumulative):
  • Only geolocation data of COVID-19 positive person,
  • only subject to such person's explicit consent which may be taken back at any time,
  • geolocation data for previous three weeks,
  • data may be used only for purpose of epidemiological tracing,
  • health authority may store the original data only for necessary period of time, no more than 6 hours.

Geolocation data is used to draft a map of COVID-19 person's movement in previous days. This map is then presented to the person to help them remember who they were in contact with, where and when. Identified contacts are then put into 14 days' quarantine and tested for COVID-19 after 5 days.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12398/2020-1/MIN/KAN[15]
Soldiers deployed to reinforce health authority. 30 March 2020 From 30 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). 300 soldiers (mainly paramedics and students of Military University of Medicine) deployed to reinforce health authority for the purpose of tracing contacts of COVID-19 positive patients and for collecting their samples. Government Resolution No. 333 published as No. 141/2020 Coll.[211]
Special requirements for release from preventive quarantine. 9 April 2020 From 16 April 2020 onwards (indefinitely). People who were put into quarantine due to previous contact with COVID-19 positive person may be released from quarantine only if (cumulatively):
  • 14 days elapsed,
  • lack of COVID-19 symptoms, unless those can be attributed to other illness,
  • negative outcome of rapid test on COVID-19 antibodies,
  • negative outcome of test for IgM and IgG antibodies.
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-6/MIN/KAN[212]
Hospital visits ban. Ban on visits in hospitals and similar facilities. Exemptions for visits to patients who are (1) minors, (2) legally incapacitated, (3) pregnant or (4) terminally ill. 9 March 2020 From 10 March onwards (indefinitely). Exemptions for visits to patients who are (1) minors, (2) legally incapacitated, (3) pregnant or (4) terminally ill.

Scope of exemptions extended on from 16 April onwards: presence of father during child delivery explicitly allowed.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10519/2020-1/MIN/KAN[213]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16214/2020-1/MIN/KAN[214]

Public gatherings banned. Gatherings of 100 or more people banned. 10 March 2020 From 10 March 6 pm onwards (indefinitely).

Replaced by other measures (see below).

Formally revoked on 17 April 2020.

Ban on private and public gatherings of 100 or more people, including theatres, music events, cinemas, sports, etc. Exemptions for (1) legislature, (2) executive government, (3) courts and (4) public or private assemblies mandated by law (e.g. shareholder meetings) Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10666/2020-1/MIN/KAN[215]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No.MZDR 10666/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[216]

Gatherings of 30 or more people banned. 12 March 2020 From 13 March 6 pm onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked from 16 March onwards (replaced by nationwide curfew, see below).

Ban on any private and public gatherings of 30 or more people. Exemptions for (1) legislature, (2) executive government, (3) courts, (4) public assemblies mandated by law and (5) funerals. Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll.[217]
Gatherings of more than 2 people banned. 23 March 2020 From 23 March until 1 April.

Extended until 11 April.

Extended until end of State of Emergency.

Invalidated from 27 April onwards.

Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 2 people. Exemptions for (1) members of same household, (2) exercise of profession and (3) funerals as long as a distance of 2 metres between people is kept. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-1/MIN/KAN[218]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-4/MIN/KAN[219]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-5/MIN/KAN[220]

Judgement of the Municipal Court in Prague No. 14 A 41/2020 from 23 April 2020[98]

Gatherings of more than 10 people banned. 23 April 2020 From 24 April until the end of State of Emergency. Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 10 people. Exemptions for (1) members of same household, (2) exercise of profession, (3) funerals as long as a distance of 2 metres between people is kept, (4) church services up to 15 persons.

Special requirements for training of professional athletes, weddings, church services, etc.

Exemptions extended from 11 May onwards:

  • theatres, cinemas, concerts, church services, weddings etc. with attendance of max. 100 people
  • mass sport events of max. 100 people (2 metres' distance between individuals, no use of common showers, locker rooms, etc.)
Government Resolution No. 452 published as No. 194/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 490 published as 223/2000 Coll.[221]

15 May 2020 From 18 May until 25 May. Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 10 people with exemptions (family members, exercise of profession, etc.).

Ban on public events (sport, culture, wedding, praying, etc.) with more than 100 people.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20588/2020-1/MIN/KAN[222]
Gatherings of 300 or more people banned. 19 May 2020 From 25 May onwards (indefinitely). Ban on any private gathering/public event (sport, cultural, wedding, prayer, etc.) of 300 or more people. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20588/2020-2/MIN/KAN[223]
Schools suspended. All pupils and students banned from personally attending classes (including university lectures). Staff may continue to work and assign homework for students.

Kindergartens and creches are open/closed subject to decision of local municipal authorities.

10 March 2020 From 11 March onwards (indefinitely). From 13 March onwards ban extended to include also extracurricular and after school activities.

From 20 April onwards students may attend university exams with max. 5 persons present, may also attend clinical education or practical laboratory education with max. 5 persons present.

Exemption extended from 11 May onwards:

  • students in final year of grammar or high school as long as there are no more than 15 students in a classroom
  • students in orphanages and similar institutions
  • education at healthcare oriented schools
  • extracullicural activities as long as student group is no larger than 15 persons
  • university education as long as student group is no larger than 15 persons (clinical education unlimited)
  • education at art and language schools as long as student group is no larger than 15 persons

– All of that only after student/parent signs a sworn statement that the student is without clinical symptoms of COVID-19.

Exemption extended from 25 May onwards:

  • pupils at grammar schools grades 1–5, max. 15 pupils at a class, attendance is voluntary. Special needs schools/classes remain closed.
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10676/2020-1/MIN/KAN (11–13 March 2020)[215]

Government Resolution No. 201/2020 Coll. (from 13 March onwards)[224]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16184/2020-1/MIN/KAN[225]

Government Resolution No. 455 published as No. 197/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 456 published as No. 198/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 491 published as No. 220/2020 Coll.[226]

Ministry of Health Protections Measure No. MZDR 20584/2020-1/MIN/KAN[227]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20584/2020-2/MIN/KAN[228]

Closure of services Restaurants closed. 12 March 2020 From 13 March 8 pm onwards (indefinitely) / replaced on 14 March. Restaurants may operate from 6 am to 8 pm. Home delivery possible 24/7. Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll.[217]
12 March 2020 From 13 March 8 pm until 24 March 6 am.

Extended to 1 April.

Extended to 11 April.

Restaurants in shopping centres over 5,000 m2 in size closed. Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll. (until 14 March)[217]

Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll. (after 14 March)[229]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[230]

14 March 2020 From 14 March 6 am until 24 March 6 am.

Extended to 1 April.

Extended to 11 April.

Replaced on 6 April (valid indefinitely)

All publicly accessible restaurants closed.

Restaurants may sell food through shopfront windows with any opening hours (incl. 24/7), so long as customers do not enter the premises.

Home delivery possible 24/7.

From 11 May: Restaurants may serve patrons at their outdoors premises.

From 25 May: Restaurants may operate from 6 AM to 23 PM (outdoor premises, take away windows and home delivery 24/7).

Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[229]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12746/2020-1/MIN/KAN[231]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[230]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-3/MIN/KAN[232]

Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[221]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-1/MIN/KAN[233]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-2/MIN/KAN[234]

Marketplaces closed

Ban on retail trade at marketplaces.

13 March 2020 From 14 March 6 am onwards (indefinitely).

Partially revoked on 20 April 2020 (outdoors marketplaces can reopen).

Revoked from 11 May onwards.

While having a general effect, the resolution also specifically names Little Hanoi. Government Resolution No. 208/2020 Coll.[235]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16193/2020-1/MIN/KAN[236]

Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[221]

General closure of services and retail sale

(All retail may still conduct distance sales finalised through makeshift takeaway window or with delivery directly to customer [237])

14 March 2020 From 14 March 6 am until 24 March 6 am.

Extended to 1 April.

Extended to 11 April.

Replaced on 6 April (valid indefinitely)

Replaced on 27 April until the end of State of Emergency

Lifted from 11 May onwards.

Ban on presence of general public in establishments providing services and retail sale with following exemptions:
  • food retail (from 24 onwards: only if customers are provided with single-use gloves upon entry for free)
  • IT and other electronics and home appliances
  • petrol stations and other fuels
  • chemists
  • pharmacies
  • sale of small domestic animals and fodder
  • glasses and other optics
  • newspapers and magazines
  • tobacco products
  • laundry services
  • sale over the Internet or by telephone of goods that are otherwise generally available in the given physical shop

Scope of exemptions widened from 24 March onwards:

  • car repair and car towing
  • sale of spare parts for cars and machinery
  • services allowing collection of parcels
  • sale of gardening tools and seeds
  • sale of travel tickets
  • spa that offer services at least partially covered by public health insurance
  • funeral homes
  • sale of flowers
  • building construction
  • sale of textiles
  • servicing of electronics
  • realtor services, tax advising, accounting
  • hotels lodging for foreigners

Scope of exemptions widened from 1 April onwards:

  • locksmithing, servicing of home appliances and home repair
  • embalming, funeral services and cremation
  • car washes

Scope of exemptions widened from 7 April onwards:

  • housewares, if sortiment includes face masks, respirators and hand sanitizers
  • hobbymarkets, sale of building materials, hardware stores (from 9 April)
  • sale and service of bicycles (from 9 April)
  • scrapyards and collection points
  • hotels may lodge persons travelling due to work reasons

+ All opened shops and services must take active steps to

  • ensure that people stay 2 metres away from each other (including if waiting outside for entry)
  • ensure active management of queues
  • place hand sanitisers for employees and customers close to frequently touched items (door handlers, shopping carts,
  • employees must wear gloves when touching goods or when accepting money from customers
  • customers must be informed about measures by leaflets and speakers

Scope of exemptions widened from 20 April onwards:

  • sale of new or used cars
  • crafts and trade which do not require contact with client's body (i.e. exemption does not extend to hairdressers, pedicure, etc.)

Scope of exemptions widened from 24 April onwards:

  • retail sale in premises with less than 2,500 m2
  • tourist information centers
  • fitness centers (max. 1 person per 10 m2, minimum distance of 2 metres, no use of showers, etc.)
  • ZOOs, botanical gardens and similar (only online sale of tickets, max. 150 people per hectare per day)

From 11 May onwards only selected services remain closed: indoors swimming pools and saunas, tours of indoors premises of castles and chateaus, hotel services for leisure purposes, services that are conducted by disruption of skin (e.g. tattooing). A large number of special measures required for opened services, see referenced Resolution No. 493.

Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[229]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12746/2020-1/MIN/KAN[231]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[230]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-3/MIN/KAN[232]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16193/2020-1/MIN/KAN[236]

Government Resolution No. 454 published as No. 196/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[208]

Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[221]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-1/MIN/KAN[233]

Casinos closed 14 March 2020 From 14 March onwards (indefinitely). Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[229]

Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[208]

Prison visits ban. Family members banned from visiting relatives in prisons and jails. Defense attorneys exempted from the ban. Individual exceptions may be granted by the Minister of Justice.

From 15 May onwards: Only one visitor permitted per each visit.

13 March 2020 From 14 March onwards (indefinitely). Government Resolution No. 204/2020 Coll.[238]

Ministry of Healh Protection Measure No. MZDR 20598/2020-1/MIN/KAN[105]

Sporting venues closed Public banned from entering sporting venues for 30 or more people, both indoor and outdoor. 13 March 2020 From 14 March 6 a.m. onwards (indefinitely).

Replaced by general curfew from 16 March onwards.

Government Resolution No. 208/2020 Coll.[235]
Welfare providers and retirement homes can accept new clients only after negative COVID-19 test. This includes also clients that are moved from another institution (another retirement home).

Until 25 May: Once accepted, the person must be placed at a separate room for 14 days.

29 March 2020 From 29 March onwards (indefinitely). Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-1/MIN/KAN

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-3/MIN/KAN

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-3/MIN/KAN

Regional quarantine Quarantine of town of Litovel and 18 nearby municipalities including Uničov and Červenka.

The quarantine zone covers about 24,000 people. A cluster of 25 patients identified on 16 March 2020. By 21 March 2020 there were 54 confirmed patients within the quarantine zone out of 62 total confirmed cases in Olomouc region.

16 March 2020 From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).

Lifted on 30 March 2020

People living and working within the quarantined area can go to work.

People living within the area and working outside, and vice versa, must stay at home.

Workers returning from night shifts in the area to homes outside of the area ordered into 14 days' self-quarantine.

Police checkpoints on roads to the area. Only supply trucks, police, emergency, and fire rescue service can enter/leave town.

Military field mini-hospital build in Litovel on 19 March.[239]

Local health authority.[240]
Quarantine of municipality of Kynice, where a number of people were infected during the local volunteer fire department's ball.

The municipality has a population of 95.

16 March 2020 From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).

Lifted on 1 April 2020[241]

Same conditions as in other quarantined areas. Local health authority.[242]
Social distancing measures NATIONWIDE CURFEW 15 March 2020 From 16 to 24 March 6 am (Government Resolution)

From 24 March 6 am to 1 April 6 am (Ministry of Health Protection Measure)

Extended until 11 April.

Extended until end of State of Emergency.

Revoked from 24 April onwards.

Order for persons to
  • a) limit their movement through public places as much as possible (with exemptions)
  • b) limit contact with others as much as possible

Exemptions:

  • a) reaching the workplace or profession
  • b) necessary visits to family or close persons
  • c) necessary travel for purchase of essentials (e.g. groceries, medicine, medical and hygiene supplies, pet food, etc.) including essentials for relatives and children, essential use of financial and post services, and personal vehicle refuelling.
  • d) necessary travel as mentioned in c) on behalf of another (e.g. neighbour, volunteer help)
  • e) travel to medical and social care facilities, including accompanying of another person for this purpose
  • f) travel to attend to urgent official matters, including accompanying of another person for this purpose
  • g) job performance (or attendant matters) in security, public health, individual spiritual service, public transport, and other infrastructure, citizen services (includes home deliveries)
  • h) movement in open countryside or parks
  • i) return travel to the place of residence
  • j) funerals

Scope of exemptions widened from 7 April onwards:

  • Conducting of sport activities at outside sporting grounds, in parks or in nature (e.g. tennis, skiing, sport shooting, etc.)
    • Facecover obligatory unless individuals conducting the given sport are at least 2 metres apart and
    • No more than 2 people are conducting sport together, with exception of members of the same household and with exception of staying 2 metres apart from others
    • Associated facilities (showers, changing rooms) remain closed / toilet can be open.

Scope of exemptions widened from 20 April onwards:

  • trainings of professional athletes (contact fighting sports not allowed, no spectators allowed)
  • marriage/registered partnership ceremony (official, newlyweds, 2 grooms + 4 persons allowed to attend)

Scope of exemptions widened from 27 April onwards (curfew revoked before this part entered into force):

  • church services attended by max. 15 persons (under special arrangements—minimum distance of 2 metres between individuals, face masks, hand sanitizers, etc.). Churches may remain open for individual prayer / individual counselling.
Government Resolution No. 215/2020 Coll.[17]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-1/MIN/KAN[218]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-4/MIN/KAN[219]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-4/MIN/KAN[16]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-5/MIN/KAN[220]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16195/2020-1/MIN/KAN[243]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16484/2020-1/MIN/KAN[244]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 17606/2020-1/MIN/KAN[245]

Public authorities' activity reduction 12 March 2020 14 March to 1 April.

Extended until 11 April.

Extended until 19 April.

Public authorities restricted to perform only to necessary duties.

Restrictions on duties requiring personal contact with the public. Restriction of office hours to 3 hours on Monday and Wednesday. Only the lowest possible number of employees to be present when necessary. Duty to implement rotations of employees in a way that prevents contact between selected groups.

Partially revoked on 6 April 2020: Czechpoint [cs] resumes service.

Government Resolution No. 194/2000 (until 24 March)

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-3/MIN/KAN (from 24 March onwards)[246]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-5/MIN/KAN (from 1 April onwards)[247]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-2/MIN/KAN (Czechpoint reopening)[248]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-4/MIN/KAN[249]

9 April 2020 From 20 April onwards (indefinitely)

Revoked on 15 May.

Public authorities open with special measures

Public authorities instructed to prioritise email or telephone communication over physical meetings.

Opening hours back to normal. Personal meetings either through barrier or if possible with 2 metres' distance. Obligation to ensure distance of 2 metres in hallways, waiting rooms, etc. Obligation to set up hand sanitizers in hallways. Obligation to frequently disinfect surfaces including door handles, elevator buttons, etc.

Duty to implement rotations of employees in a way that prevents contact between selected groups. Duty to prioritise work from home where possible.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-3/MIN/KAN[250]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-15/MIN/KAN (revocation)[251]

Obligatory face cover (respirator or similar) 18 March 2020 From 19 March until 30 March

From 30 March onwards (indefinitely)

Ban on movement outside of the home without having mouth and nose covered by a respirator, face mask or similar.

Exemptions from 30 March onwards:

  • car drivers, if they are alone within a closed vehicle,
  • children younger than 2 years.

Scope of exemptions widened on 7 April:

  • conducting sports in accordance with curfew exemptions (incl. walking/running in parks and nature)

Scope of exemptions widened on 9 April:

  • drivers of public transportation if they are alone within a confined space
  • people with severe autistic disorder
  • people within a closed vehicle, if all of them are members of the same household

Scope of exemptions widened on 30 April:

  • children age 2–7 while in kindergarten
  • persons with serious mental illness that doesn't allow wearing of face mask
  • persons performing artistic work (theatre, music, film making, etc.), if they were tested for COVID-19 in previous 4 days and then periodically every 14 days, 2 metres' distance between performers and spectators, temperature check on performers with ban on entry of those with more 37 °C or more
  • radio and TV hosts when in studio without guests

Scope of exemptions widened on 5 May:

  • kindergarten teachers
  • pupils and school teachers in a classroom as long as minimum distance of 1.5 metres between individuals is maintained
  • persons who are having portrait photography taken for necessary period of time (incl. wedding photos, etc.)

Scope of exemptions widened on 12 May:

  • pupils, students and examiners during final school / school entrance exams, as long as minimum distance of 1.5 metres between individuals is maintained (in case of universities max. 15 people in the same room)
  • patients and healthcare workers for time necessary for provision of healthcare (including SLP)

Scope of exemptions widened on 18 May:

  • workers at high heat environments
  • workers within offices if they are at their workstation and no less than 2 metres from another person

From 25 May onwards face cover obligatory only at:

  • any indoor premises apart from home,
  • within public transportation,
  • at any other place where more than two people aggregate, unless those are members of the same household.
  • (previously enacted exemptions remain in place and also apply, see above).
Government resolution No. 247 (published as No. 106/2020 Coll.) (until 30 March)[252]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13894/2020-1/MIN/KAN (after 30 March)[11]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-4/MIN/KAN[16]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No.MZDR 15757/2020-2/MIN/KAN[253]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-10/MIN/KAN[254]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-13/MIN/KAN[255]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-14/MIN/KAN[256]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-16/MIN/KAN[257]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-18/MIN/KAN[258]

Elderly only shopping time (65+) 18 March 2020 From 19 March onwards (indefinitely). Only elderly (65+) can enter establishments (grocery shops, post offices and others that are still open) at the selected time. The timeframe for elderly changes periodically:
  • 19–20 March – 10 AM to 12 AM
  • 21–24 March – 7 AM to 9 AM
  • from 25 March onwards – 8 AM to 10 AM (only establishments with over 500 m2 public area)
Ministry of Health Resolution No. MZDR 12390/2020-1/MIN/KAN, replaced by MZDR 12501/2020-3/MIN/KAN,[259] replaced by Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12744/2020-2/MIN/KAN[260]
Local Assemblies limited 23 March 2020 From 24 March onwards (replaced from 7 April onwards). Local assemblies only online

Municipal and regional assemblies shall convene only for necessary purposes (measures regarding COVID-19 or necessary to prevent other damages) and shall take place only online. Recommendation to broadcast online assemblies publicly on the internet.

Government Resolution No. 274 published as No. 122/2020 Coll.[261]
6 April 2020 From 7 April until the end of State of Emergency Local assemblies subject to social distancing

Municipal and regional assemblies shall convene in a way that ensures distance of 2 metres between each individual. Everyone present must wear face cover.

Recommendation to allow participation through means of distance communication.

Government Resolution No. 388 published as 151/2020 Coll.[7]
Electronic data boxes use for free 23 March 2020 From 24 March onwards (until the end of State of Emergency). "Electronic data boxes" is a secure means of online communication run by the Government that may be used for formal delivery of documents. Normally only communication with authorities is free while communication between private entities is subject to a fee. This fee was waived until the end of the State of Emergency. Government Resolution No. 275/2000 Coll.[261]
Hard measures STATE OF EMERGENCY Declaration of State of Emergency. For the first time in modern history for the area of entire country (previously only regionally, mainly due to floods).

A number of other particular measures announced at the same time under Government emergency powers (see elsewhere in the table).

12 March 2020 From 12 March 2020 2 pm for a period of 30 days.

Extended by Chamber of Deputies until 30 April.

Extended by Chamber of Deputies until 17 May.

Government (cabinet headed by Prime Minister) has considerably extended powers under the State of Emergency. State of Emergency may be declared by Government for at most 30 days; any extension must be ratified by Chamber of Deputies.

Most other measures adopted "indefinitely" remain in force only as long as the State of Emergency lasts, as without it the Government lacks the constitutional authority to limit the associated rights.

Government Resolution No. 194/2020 Coll.[262]

Vote number 8 of 43rd meeting of Chamber of Deputies held on 7 April 2020[8][263]

Government Resolution No. 369 published as No. 156/2020 Coll.[264]

Vote number 11 of 47th meeting of Chamber of Deputies held on 28 April 2020[103]

Government Resolution No. 485 published as No. 219/2020 Coll.[226]

Border enforcement Provisional enforcement of borders with Germany and Austria and limitations on international flights. Only selected border crossings remain open:
  • Germany (unlimited): Strážný, Pomezí nad Ohří, Rozvadov, Folmava, Železná Ruda, Krásný Les, Hora Svatého Šebestiána
  • Germany (limited to regulars only, e.g. cross-border workers, etc.; 5 AM to 11 PM): Všeruby, Jiříkov, Vojtanov, Cínovec
  • Austria (unlimited): Dolní Dvořiště, České Velenice, Hatě, Mikulov
  • Austria (limited to regulars only, e.g. cross-border workers, etc.; 5 AM to 11 PM):Vratěnín, Valtice, Nová Bystřice
  • International flights only to/from Václav Havel International Airport and Kbely Airport (both near Prague), other airports limited to domestic flights.
12 March 2020 From 14 March 2020 onwards. Czech Republic is a party to Schengen Treaty and does not normally enforce its border with other EU countries. Government Resolution No. 197/2020 Coll.[265]
BORDERS CLOSURE Crossborder public transport ban. 12 March 2020 From 14 March onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked from 11 May onwards.

Any road vehicle with a capacity of more than 9 people (incl. driver) banned from crossing borders with an exemption of (1) larger vehicles bringing Czech citizens or long-term/permanent residents to the Czech Republic, (2) larger vehicles taking foreigners out of the Czech Republic (exemption: empty buses, passenger trains, and ships may return to the Czech Republic).

Crossborder passenger rail and passenger ship transport banned.

Only Václav Havel Prague International Airport may be used for international flights. (Remained valid also after 11 May 2020).

An individual exemption may be granted by the Minister of Transportation.

Government Resolution No. 200/2020 Coll.[266]

Government Resolution No. 506 published as No. 225/2020 Coll.[267]

Travel ban – selected countries 12 March 2020 From 14 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely).

Effectively replaced by complete travel ban from 16 March onwards (see below).

Foreigners coming in from selected countries banned from entering the Czech Republic (foreigners with long-term or permanent residency permits exempted).

Czech citizens and foreigners with long-term or permanent residency banned from entering selected countries.

Suspension of processing of all visa applications (individual exceptions possible).

List of selected countries subject to daily updates, as of the day of ban entry into force they were China, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, and France.

Government Resolution No. 198/2020 Coll.[268]
COMPLETE BORDERS CLOSURE
  • Czech citizens:
    • Not allowed to leave the country unless they have long-term or permanent residency abroad.
    • May return to the country; subject to mandatory 14 days' self-quarantine (see above).
  • Foreigners with long-term or permanent residency:
    • Allowed to leave the country.
    • May return to the country if they were outside when measure adopted; subject to mandatory 14 days' self-quarantine (see above).
    • May not return to the country if left while the measure was in force.
  • Foreigners without long-term or permanent residency:
    • Allowed to leave the country.
    • Not allowed to enter the country.
13 March 2020 From 16 March onwards (ban of 13 March).

From 31 March until 12 April 2020 (ban of 30 March).

Extended until 13 April 2020 (ban of 6 April).

Exemptions:
  • International freight transport: drivers, flight crews, train crews, ship crews. Exempt also freight transport workers employed abroad.
  • Diplomatic staff.
  • Emergency services while on duty (police, EMT, fire, mountain rescue, etc.).
  • People who verifiably periodically cross borders, especially workers with a place of employment no further than 100 kilometres from the border.
  • Citizens of Germany, Austria, Poland and Slovakia who verifiably periodically cross borders, especially workers with a place of employment no further than 100 kilometres from the border.
  • Epidemiology, humanitarian and health experts.
  • Members of the European Parliament.
  • Minors who are citizens of an EU member state with at least one parent who is a Czech citizen.
  • Persons transporting blood, bone marrow and/or organs for purpose of transplantation.
  • Persons with a serious medical condition for purpose of undertaking medical procedures abroad.
Government Resolution No. 203[269] & Ministry of Interior Notice on Exemptions from travel restrictions during the State of Emergency[207] (until 30 March)

Government Resolution No. 334 published as 142/2020 Coll.[211] (from 31 March)

BAN ON ENTRY OF FOREIGNERS
  • Foreigners without long-term or permanent residency:
    • Allowed to leave the country.
    • Not allowed to enter the country.
  • Leaving country allowed only if the travel is in accordance with conditions of curfew (see above) and purpose of travel cannot be fulfilled within the Czech Republic
6 April 2020 From 14 April until the end of State of Emergency

Revoked on 27 April.

Exemptions:
  • International freight transport: drivers, flight crews, train crews, ship crews. Exempt also freight transport workers employed abroad.
  • Diplomatic staff.
  • Persons who periodically cross borders for work reasons
  • Epidemiology, humanitarian and health experts.
  • Other in case of urgent reasons

Anyone coming into Czech Republic has duty to contact health authority and will be subject to mandatory 14 days' quarantine (with exemptions).

Government Resolution No. 387 published as No. 150/2020 Coll.[7]

Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[208]

RESTRICTIONS ON CROSS-BORDER MOVEMENT

Restrictions on entry into the Czech Republic and obligatory quarantine for those who enter.

23 April 2020 From 27 April until the end of State of Emergency

Extended on 15 May (indefinitely).

Foreigners without long-term residency may enter for purpose of:
  • visiting relatives,
  • transiting through the Czech Republic towards home country (subject to presentation of a repatriation note from embassy)
  • cross-border workers, pupils or students who cross borders periodically
  • European Union citizens entering for max. 72 hours in order to conduct economic activity, if they present COVID-19 negative test no older than 4 days
  • European Union citizens entering in order to conduct economic activity or study at a university, if they present COVID-19 negative test no older than 4 days
  • workers in international freight
  • other specific exceptions (critical infrastructure workers, persons whose entry is in country's interest, diplomats and workers of international organisations, etc.)

+ Obligation to inform health authority about entering the Czech Republic (with exceptions, see referenced resolution)

Czechs and foreigners with long-term residency must inform health authority immediately after entering the country unless they have COVID-19 negative test no older than 4 days (with exceptions, see referenced resolution).

All who enter and who were not quaranteened by the health authority must undergo 14 days personal curfew under which they may move only to work and back, do essential shopping, visit healthcare providers, attend necessary administrative proceedings, attend funerals.

Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[208]

Government Resolution No. 495 published as No. 222/2020 Coll.[226]

Government Resolution No. 511 published as No. 226/2020 Coll.[267]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20599/2020-1/MIN/KAN[209]

Other measures Army deployed at borders Army units deployed to support border enforcement (see above). 10 March 2020 From 10 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). 2,100 Czech Army personnel ordered to full readiness.

Army also used for distribution of medical equipment around country (respirators etc.).

Government decision[270][271]
Soldiers deputised 15 March 2020 From 15 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). 2,096 soldiers and 432 Customs officers deputised for police duty. Previously, they could serve only in support role. This allows a significantly lower number of police officers to be deployed at the borders and their redeployment back to standard policing duty.

9 April 2020: Number of deputised soldiers increased to 4,094.

Government Regulation No. 83/2020 coll.[272]

Government Regulation No. 155/2020 Coll.[273]

Release of emergency funding CZK 500 million released from Government Emergency Fund for emergency purchases of medical tools needed to fight COVID-19. 13 March 2020 Government Resolution No. 206/2020 Coll.[274]
Provision of welfare Students of secondary and tertiary schools welfare programmes compelled to work duty. 13 March 2020 From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).

Revoked from 11 May onwards.

Actual work of students subject to later call-up.

At the same time welfare providers are ordered to provide welfare to recipients whose life or health may be in jeopardy (providers cannot refuse provision of welfare).

Welfare provision aimed at persons that are not self-sufficient (elderly, disabled, etc.).

Government Resolution No. 207/2020[275]

Government Resolution No. 512 published as No. 227/2020 Coll. (revocation)[267]

Army deployed. 14 April 2020 From 14 April onwards (indefinitely). 360 soldiers deployed to support provision of welfare, especially within retirement homes. Place of deployment of particular units dependent on requests from regional governments. Government Regulation No. 172/2020 Coll.[276]
Obligatory testing of all employees. 30 April 2020 Between 4 and 17 May. Providers of welfare in retirement homes and of elderly in their own homes must conduct COVID-19 antibodies rapid testing of every employee that is in direct contact with clients. Rapid testing kits provided by health authority. Ministry of Health Extraordinary Measure No. MZDR 18636/2020-1/MIN/KAN[277]
Social and economical support measures Trucks allowed to drive on Sundays 13 March 2020 From 13 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). Generally, freight trucks are banned from driving on Sundays to ease weekend return traffic. This long-standing ban was lifted to mitigate possible freight disruptions stemming from other measures or general COVID-19 impact. Government Resolution No. 205/2020 Coll.[278]
Income tax deadline extended

Deadline for Income Tax submission moved by 3 months for natural persons (new date is 1 July)

12 March 2020 [citation needed]
Loans repayment delayed

Banks will provide an option of delaying loan payments for people and small businesses affected by the coronavirus

12 March 2020 [citation needed]
Gun sales registration period waived. 16 March 2020 From 16 March until end of the curfew Same as other retail, gun shops could continue distance sales finalised through makeshift takeaway window or by direct delivery to customer.[279] Purchased firearms must normally be physically presented to the police for registration within 10 days from the sale (see Gun laws in the Czech Republic).

Firearm registrations deemed non-essential by the Ministry of Interior Explanatory Note, as part of the general suspension of non-essential visits to government offices. Gun licence holders instructed to merely inform police about a purchase by post or electronic communication and visit station for registration after the end of curfew.

Also, exams required for new firearm licences suspended. New permits to purchase B-category firearms issued only remotely (by post or electronic communication).

Ministry of Interior Explanatory Note No. MV- 49249-2/OBP-2020[280]
Forestry short-term hiring March 2020 2020 forestry season Public company Lesy České republiky [cs] which manages public forests started massive short-term hiring of people from professions affected by quarantine measures. Temporary workers take part in restoration of spruce forests that suffered large scale damage by bark beetle and drought in previous years. Wage of CZK 120 per hour (ca €5 per hour), contracts for maximum of 300 hours per person. [281]
Criminal sanctions COVID-19 added to list of diseases the wilful spreading of which constitutes a felony. 13 March 2020 Up to 10 years imprisonment in case of criminal negligence. Government Resolution No. 210/2020 Coll.[282]
Healthcare provision support measures Drive-through testing 14 March 2020 "Drive-through" tents set up in front of designated hospitals around the country. Patients don't need to leave their cars to be tested.

Testing is free for people with prescriptions by the health authorities. Prescriptions are granted remotely (phone and email) based on symptoms and travel history. People lacking prescriptions may pay for their own tests. Prices vary depending on the hospital from CZK 1,300–3,000 (€50–120). Some drive-through locations do not offer paid testing due to capacity limitations (i.e. they test only those with a prescription).

[12]
COVID-19-only hospitals 15 March 2020 Two hospitals, Na Homolce Hospital [cs] in the capital and largest city of Prague, St. Anna University Hospital [cs] in the second-largest city of Brno, were designated to deal with COVID-19 only. Both cities have several other hospitals to take up the caseload of other conditions.

Military BSL-4 reserve hospital at Biological Defense Center in Těchonín put into a state of readiness.

[citation needed]
28 March 2020 After COVID-19 infection spread in at least seven retirement homes, several hundred beds were set aside for quarantine and treatment of elderly with mild symptoms at:
  • Na Bulovce hospital in Prague
  • Na Františku hospital in Prague
  • Health resort at Lázně Toušeň
  • Non-emergency section of Military BSL-4 reserve hospital at Biological Defense Center in Těchonín
Ministry of Health decision[283]
Medicine students' work duty 15 March 2020 From 16 March until the end of State of Emergency

Revoked from 11 May onwards.

5th- and 6th-year students of General Medicine compelled to work duty, actual work subject to later call-up.

Last-year students of nursing, paramedics, and several other related fields compelled to work duty, actual work subject to later call-up.

Government Resolution No. 220 published as No. 90/2020 Coll.[284]

Government Resolution No. 404 published as No. 158/2020 Coll.[264]

Government Resolution No. 512 published as No. 227/2020 Coll. (revocation)[267]

Healthcare workers' holiday ban 23 March 2020 From 24 March until the end of State of Emergency

Revoked on 10 April 2020.

Healthcare workers banned from taking a holiday (time off). Government Resolution No. 278 published as 125/2020 Coll.[261]

Government Resolution No. 403 published as No. 157/2020 Coll. (revocation)[264]

Remdesivir provisional approval 17 March 2020 From 17 March for a period of 9 months Remdesivir, originally developed by Gilead Sciences for ebola treatment, was approved for experimental use for COVID-19 patients in serious condition. Ministry of Health Decision No. MZDR 12059/2020-3/OLZP[285]
Plaquenil prescription restrictions 23 March 2020 From 23 March 8 pm onwards (indefinitely) Hydroxychloroquine, sold under the brand name Plaquenil among others, is a medication used for the prevention and treatment of certain types of malaria. Plaquenil showed promise in some COVID-19 trials. Only doctors with selected specialisations can prescribe it under the measure. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-2/MIN/KAN[286] (until 3 April)

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-3/MIN/KAN[287] (after 3 April)

Hydroxychloroquine-sulfaat teva provisional approval 7 April 2020 From 7 April for period of 8 months Provisional approval for COVID-19 treatment due to plaquenil shortage. Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13360/2020-3/OLZP[288]

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-3/MIN/KAN[287] (after 3 April)

Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Sandoz provisional approval 30 April 2020 From 30 April for period of 8 months Provisional approval of New Jersey, USA made hydroxochloroquine tablets in original English language package for COVID-19 treatment due to plaquenil shortage. Ministry of Health Decision No. MZDR 18092/2020-2/OLZP[289]
Avigan (Favipiravir) provisional approval 16 April 2020 Japanese medicine that showed promise in initial trials for COVID-19 treatment.

Provisional approval of 10,000 tablets.

Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16312/2020-1/OLZP[290]
Hospitalised patients' information database 24 March 2020 From 24 March onwards (indefinitely) Central database about COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Hospital providers ordered to:
  • insert data about the state of hospitalised COVID-19 patients daily
  • insert data about every new patient that gets either to serious condition, requires ventilator or ECMO within one hour
  • insert data about every patient whose state changes as regards serious condition, use of ventilator or ECMO within one hour
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12996/2020-1/MIN/KAN[291]

Interpersonal solidarity

[edit]
Demonstration of making face masks without sewing

The COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic has created a wave of solidarity in a variety of areas, including:

  • Due to the lack of protective face masks, volunteers sewed masks for other people and also shared instruction videos online.[292]
  • Programmes were launched to help the most vulnerable groups and seniors, on a non-commercial basis, by buying food and medicines.[293]
  • On Monday, 23 March, Czech National Television launched a temporary new television channel ČT3, which is to bring practical advice, news and a selection of ČT's classic programmes from the archive for older people.[294]
  • Throughout the nation, people made so-called 'mask-trees' to share face coverings.[295]
  • The Vietnamese community in the Ústí nad Labem region raised CZK 140,000 for a donation of a ventilator to a hospital in Ústí nad Labem[296]
  • Due to the closure of Czech schools, Czech National Television launched an educational programme for home education. The "UčíTelka" programme is focusing on teaching first-grade pupils. The programmes "Odpoledka" on teaching second-grade pupils and programme "Škola doma" for ninth-grade pupils preparing them for entrance exams to secondary schools.[297]
  • Czech manufacturer of 3D printers Prusa Research contributed to the "free use project" of shared bicycles company Rekola to enable access to transport with a lower risk of virus transmission than public transport.[298] Prusa Research also designed, produced and distributed protective face shields for medical professionals.[299]
  • The Žufánek family distillery from Boršice will produce and distribute for free disinfectant gels without the necessary permit from the health and agriculture department.[300]
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Mathieu, Edouard; Ritchie, Hannah; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Dattani, Saloni; Beltekian, Diana; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Roser, Max (2020–2024). "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Our World in Data. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "COVID‑19: Overview of the current situation in the Czech Republic". Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  3. ^ Elsevier. "Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier Connect. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  4. ^ Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Latest: Peru, Honduras enacting new containment measures". AP News. 15 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  6. ^ "Czech Republic goes into quarantine to slow down coronavirus spread". Radio Prague International. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Third travel ban". Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b "PČR, PS 2017, 43. schůze, část 37 (7. 4. 2020)". Psp.cz. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  9. ^ "Czech Republic eases lockdown restrictions". POLITICO. 7 April 2020. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b "Could Czech's Measure to Fight Coronavirus Save Thousands of Lives?". Praguemorning.cz. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b "Data". Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b "Koronavirus: Laboratoře, které mohou testovat a kde si můžete test zaplatit". Blesk. 15 March 2020.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b "Česko má 2 279 nakažených. Nově stačí k testu horečka, suchý kašel či dušnost". Mladá fronta DNES (in Czech). 27 March 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b Hana Válková (14 April 2020). "Nezájem lidí, méně laboratoří. Proč o víkendech a svátcích padá počet testů". Mladá fronta DNES. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b "Data". Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Sports allowed". Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b "USNESENÍVLÁDY ČESKÉ REPUBLIKY". apps.odok.cz. 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  18. ^ Jump up to: a b "Automobilka Hyundai obnovila výrobu v Nošovicích, odstávka trvala tři týdny". Aktuálně.cz (in Czech). 14 April 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b "Government Resolution No. 458 published as No. 203/2020 Coll". aplikace.mvcr.cz.
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b Trnka, Radek; Lorencova, Radmila (June 2020). "Fear, anger, and media-induced trauma during the outbreak of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic". Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. Advance online publication (5): 546–549. doi:10.1037/tra0000675. PMID 32538654. S2CID 219702140.
  21. ^ "Czech pubs open in protest against Covid restrictions". Monitor. 23 January 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  22. ^ "Thousands protest coronavirus restrictions in Czech capital". PBS NewsHour. 28 November 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  23. ^ "Thousands of Czechs protest against COVID curbs". euronews. 31 January 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
  24. ^ Jump up to: a b Hulíková Tesárková, Klára; Dzúrová, Dagmar (28 October 2022). "COVID-19: years of life lost (YLL) and saved (YLS) as an expression of the role of vaccination". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 18129. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1218129H. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23023-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9614200. PMID 36307523.
  25. ^ University, Charles. "Study shows that COVID-19 vaccination helped to reduce the years of life lost among the fully vaccinated by nearly 88%". medicalxpress.com. Retrieved 20 November 2022.
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "V Česku jsou tři lidé nakažení koronavirem. Předtím byli v Itálii". ČT24 (in Czech).
  27. ^ "V Česku se objevily první případy koronaviru. Všichni přijeli ze severní Itálie". Aktuálně.cz (in Czech). 1 March 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
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  30. ^ Jump up to: a b "Pátý případ koronaviru v Česku. Žena přitom měla první test negativní". novinky.cz (in Czech). 3 March 2020. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
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