Chalcosyrphus
Appearance
Chalcosyrphus | |
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Chalcosyrphus violascens female | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Diptera |
Family: | Syrphidae |
Subfamily: | Eristalinae |
Tribe: | Milesiini |
Subtribe: | Xylotina |
Genus: | Chalcosyrphus Curran, 1925[1] |
Type species | |
Chalcosyrphus atra | |
Subgenera | |
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Synonyms | |
Chalcosyrphus is a genus of hoverflies in the subfamily Eristalinae. Many species exhibit some degree of mimicry of various sawflies and other hymenopterans and are often brightly coloured or metallic in hue. The adults are similar in structure and behavior to the related genus Xylota but differ in larval morphology. They can be found throughout Europe, Asia, and North America and seem to prefer damper, boggy habitats. The larvae are saproxylic feeders in rotten wood in these habitats.[9][10]
Species
[edit]Subgenus: Chalcosyrphus
- C. admirabilis Mutin, 1984[11]
- C. aristatus (Johnson, 1929)[12]
- C. depressus (Shannon, 1925)[13]
- C. tuberculifemur (Stackelberg, 1963)[14]
- C. valgus (Gmelin, 1790)[15]
Subgenus: Cheiroxylota
- C. auripygus Hippa, 1978[3]
- C. dimidiatus (Brunetti, 1923)[16]
Subgenus: Dimorphoxylota
- C. eumerus (Loew, 1869)[17]
Subgenus: Hardimyia [18]
- C. elongatus (Hardy, 1921)[19]
Subgenus: Neplas
- C. americanus (Schiner, 1868)[20]
- C. ariel (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. armatipes (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. azteca (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. bettyae (Thompson, 1981)[22]
- C. bidens (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. boliviensis (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. chlorops (Hull, 1948)[23]
- C. chrysopressa (Hull, 1941)[24]
- C. cuprescens (Hull, 1941)[24]
- C. frontalis (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. grandifemoralis (Curran, 1934)[25]
- C. grisea (Hull, 1941)[26]
- C. lyrica (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. minor (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. pachymera (Loew, 1866)[27]
- C. palitarsis (Curran, 1934)[25]
- C. panamena (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. pauxilla (Williston, 1892)[28]
- C. pretiosus (Loew, 1861)[29]
- C. proxima (Hull, 1944)[30]
- C. puma (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. rondanii (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. sapphirina (Hull, 1951)[31]
- C. schildi (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. smarti (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. vagabondans (Hull, 1941)[24]
- C. vagans (Wiedemann, 1830)[32]
- C. valeria (Hull, 1941)[26]
Subgenus: Neploneura [18]
- C. melanocephalus Hippa, 1978[3]
- C. pleuralis (Kertész, 1901)[33]
- C. ventralis (Walker, 1858)[34]
- C. victoriensis (Ferguson, 1926)[4]
Subgenus: Spheginoides
- C. obscura (Szilády, 1939)[6]
Subgenus: Syrittoxylota
- C. annulatus (Brunetti, 1913)[35]
- C. annulipes (Meijere, 1924)[36]
- C. auricomus Hippa, 1985[37]
- C. elegans (Hippa, 1985)[37]
- C. ornatipes (Sack, 1927)[38]
- C. quantulus Hippa, 1985[37]
- C. shirakii Hippa, 1985[37]
Subgenus: Xylotina
- C. calopus (Bigot, 1884)[39]
- C. choui He & Chu, 1992[40]
- C. decorus (Meijere, 1914)[41]
- C. doris (Curran, 1928)[42]
- C. jiangi He & Chu, 1997[43]
- C. maculiquadratus Chang & Yang, 1993[44]
- C. nepalensis Hippa, 1978[45]
- C. ornata (Brunetti, 1915)[46]
Subgenus: Xylotodes
- C. ambiguum (Shiraki, 1968)[47]
- C. eunotus (Loew, 1873)[48]
- C. japonicus (Shiraki, 1930)[49]
- C. nigricans (Shiraki, 1968)[47]
- C. fortis He & Chu, 1995[50]
Subgenus: Xylotomima
- C. amurensis (Stackelberg, 1925)[51]
- C. anomalus (Shannon, 1925)[13]
- C. anthreas (Walker, 1849)[52]
- C. carbonus (Violovitsh, 1975)[53]
- C. curvaria (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. discolor (Shiraki, 1968)[54]
- C. dubius (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. femoratus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- C. flexus (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. inarmatus (Hunter, 1897)[55]
- C. jacobsoni (Stackelberg, 1921)[56]
- C. libo (Walker, 1849)[52]
- C. longus (Coquillett, 1898)[57]
- C. metallicus (Wiedemann, 1830)[32]
- C. metallifer (Bigot, 1884)[39]
- C. nemorum (Fabricius, 1805)[58]
- C. nigripes (Zetterstedt, 1838)[59]
- C. nigromaculatus (Jones, 1917)[60]
- C. nitidus (Portschinsky, 1879)[61]
- C. ontario (Curran, 1941)[21]
- C. pannonicus (Oldenberg, 1916)[62]
- C. parvus (Williston, 1887)[63]
- C. piger (Fabricius, 1794)[64]
- C. plesia (Curran, 1925)[1]
- C. rufipes (Loew, 1873)[48]
- C. sacawajeae (Shannon, 1926)[7]
- C. satanica (Bigot, 1884)[39]
- C. vecors (Osten Sacken, 1875)[65]
- C. violascens (Megerle, 1803)
- C. violovitshi (Bagatshanova, 1985)[66]
Unplaced
- C. amaculatus Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007[67]
- C. eugenei Mutin, 1987[68]
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References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Curran, Charles Howard (1925). "Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico". The Kansas University Science Bulletin. (1924) 15: 7–216, 12 pls. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Hull, Frank Montgomery (1949). "The morphology and inter-relationship of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil". Transactions of the Zoological Society. 26 (4): 257–408. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1949.tb00224.x.
- ^ a b c d e f Hippa, H. (1978). "Classification of Xylotini (Diptera, Syrphidae)". Acta Zoologica Fennica. 156: 1–153.
- ^ a b Ferguson, E.W. (1926). "Revision of Australian Syrphidae (Diptera). Part ii with a supplement to part i." Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 51: 517–544. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
- ^ Porter, C.E. (1927). "Cambino de nombre generico en la Fam. Sirfidos". Revista chilena de historia natural. 31: 96.
- ^ a b Szilády, Zoltán (1939). "Uber Palaearktischen Syrphiden. III". Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici (Zoology). 32: 136–140.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Shannon, Raymond Corbett (1926). "Review of the American xylotine syrphid-flies". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 69 ((9)[2635]): 1–52. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.69-2637.1. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
- ^ Rondani, C. (1863). Diptera exotica revisa et annotata. Novis non nullis descriptis. Modena: E. Soliani. pp. 1–99 pp., 1 pl.
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- ^ Skevington, J.H.; Locke, M.M.; Young, A.D.; Moran, K.; Crins, W.J.; Marshall, S.A (2019). Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America. Princeton Field Guides (First ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 512. ISBN 9780691189406.
- ^ Mutin, V.A. (1984). "Two new species of syrphid flies (Diptera) from the south of the Soviet Far East". Zoologicheskii Zhurnal. 63: 783–785.
- ^ Johnson, C.W. (1929). "Notes on the Syrphidae collected at Jaffrey and Mount Monadnock, N.H., with a description of a new species" (PDF). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 36 (4): 370–375. doi:10.1155/1929/13478. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
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- ^ Loew, H. (1869). Beschreibung europaischer Dipteren. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insecten, von Johann Wilhelm Meigen. Vol. 1: Achter Theil oder zweiter Supplementband. Halle: H. W. Schmidt. pp. xvi + 310 + [2].
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- ^ a b Curran, C.H. (1934). "The Diptera of Kartabo, Bartica District, British Guiana, with descriptions of new species from other British Guiana localities" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 66: 287–532. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
- ^ a b Hull, F.M. (1941). "Some new species of Syrphidae from Florida, Cuba and Brazil (Diptera)" (PDF). Entomological News. 52: 278–283. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
- ^ Loew, H. (1866). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria sexta". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. (1865) 9: 127–186. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
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- ^ Hull, Frank Montgomery (1951). "Some New World Xylotinae (Diptera: Syrphidae)". The Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 27: 183–186.
- ^ a b Wiedemann, Christian Rudolph Wilhelm (1830). Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Als Fortsetzung des Meigenschen Werks (in German). Hamm: Zweiter Theil. Schulz.
- ^ Kertesz, Kálmán (1901). "Neue und bekannte Dipteren in der Sammlung des Ungarischen National-Museums". Természetrajzi Füzetek. 24: 403–4321 pl. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
- ^ Walker, Francis (1858). "Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in the Aru Islands by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species [part]". Journal and Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology. 3: 77–110. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1858.tb02413.x. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
- ^ Brunetti, E. (1913). "New and interesting Diptera from the eastern Himalayas". Rec. Indian Mus. 9: 255–277.
- ^ Meijere, J. C. H. de (1924). "Studien uber sudostasiatische Dipteren XV. Dritter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der sumatranischen Dipteren". Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 67 (Suppl.): 1–64. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ a b c d Hippa, H. (1985). "Recharacterization of Chalcosyrphus (Syrittoxylota) Hippa (Diptera, Syrphidae) and revision of the species". Acta Entomologica Fennica. 45: 21–30.
- ^ Sack, P. (1927). "H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute: Syrphiden III (Dipteren)". Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung. 88: 305–320.
- ^ a b c Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus choui". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ Meijere, Johannes C. H. de (1914). "Studien über südostasiatische Dipteren. IX". Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. 57: 137–275. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
- ^ Curran, C. H. (1928). "The Syrphidae of the Malay Peninsula". Journal of the Federal Malay States Museums. 14: 141–324.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus jiangi". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus maculiquadratus". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus nepalensis". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ Brunetti, E. (1915). "Notes on Oriental Syrphidae, with descriptions of new species, Pt. II". Records of the Indian Museum. 11: 201–256, pl. 13. Retrieved 12 July 2021.
- ^ a b Shiraki, T. (1968). Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna Japonica. Japan: Biogeographical Society of Japan. pp. Vol. II, 243 pp., XL pls., Vol. III, 272 pp., XLVII pls.
- ^ a b Loew, H. (1873). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insecten. Von Johann Wilhelm Meigen. Zehnter Theil oder vierter Supplementband. Beschreibung europäischer Dipteren. Dritter Band. Halle: H.W. Schmidt. pp. viii + 320.
- ^ Shiraki, T. (1930). "Die Syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtigung benachbarter Gebiete". Mem. Fac. Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 1: xx + 446 pp.
- ^ He, J.L.; Chu, X.P. (1995). "One new species of the Chalcosyrphus (Diptera: Syrphidae) form Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China". J. Shanghai Agric. Coll.. (in Chinese). 13: 11–13.
- ^ Stackelberg, A.A. (1925). "Kurze Übersicht der paläarktischen Zelima- (=Xylota-) Arten (Dipt. Syrph.). (Aus dem Zoologischen Museum der Russischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.)" (PDF). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift und Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift in Vereinigung). 4: 279–288. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
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- ^ Violovitsh, N.A. (1975). "Some new species of hover-flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) from the fauna of the USSR". Nov. Mal. Vidy Faun. Sibir. (in Russian). 9: 73–89.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus discolor". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ Hunter, W.D. (1897). "A contribution to the knowledge of North American Syrphidae. II". The Canadian Entomologist. 29 (6): 121–144, 1 pl. doi:10.4039/Ent29121-6. S2CID 83670306. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
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- ^ Coquillett, D.W. (November 4, 1898). "Report on a Collection of Japanese Diptera, Presented to the U.S. National Museum by the Imperial University of Tokyo". Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum. XXI (1146): 301–340. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ^ Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species. Bransvigae: Apud Carolum Reichard. pp. i–xiv, 1–373. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
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- ^ Portschinsky, Josef Aloizievitsch (1879). "Diptera nova rossica et sibirica". Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae. 15: 157–158. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
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- ^ Williston, S. W. (1887). "Synopsis of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 31: xxx + 335. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
- ^ Fabricius, Johan Christian (1794). Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Tome IV. Vol. 4. Hafniae [=Copenhagen]: C.G. Proft. pp. [6] + 472 + [5] pp. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
- ^ Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1875). "A list of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 3: 38–71. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ "Chalcosyrphus violovitshi". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands.
- ^ Huo, K.K.; Ren, G.; Zheng, Z. (2007). Fauna of Syrphidae from Mt. Qinling-Bash in China (Insecta: Diptera) (in Chinese). Beijing: Beijing Huonzheng Printer LTD Co. pp. 512 pp.
- ^ Mutin, V.A. (1987). "New species of flies of the genus Xylota Mg. (Diptera, Syrphidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East.]. I". N Lehr, P. A. & Kanyukova, E. V. (Eds), [Taxonomy of the Insects of Siberia and Soviet Far East]. 132 Pp., Akad. Nauk, SSSR, [Far Eastern Science Center, Biology & Soil Institute], Vladivostok: 119–121.
Bibliography
[edit]- Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide (2nd ed.). London: British Entomological and Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp. ISBN 1-899935-03-7.
- Thompson, F. C. (1975). "Notes on the status and relationships of some genera in the tribe Milesiini (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 77 (3): 291–305.
- Van Veen, M.P. (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (Hardback). Utrecht: KNNV Publishing. p. 254. ISBN 90-5011-199-8.
External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chalcosyrphus.
- Photographic examples and genus info: http://bugguide.net/node/view/7936/bgimage
- Lifedesks page for "Chalcosyrphus" taxonomy and references: https://web.archive.org/web/20120502110623/http://syrphidae.lifedesks.org/pages/25038