Jump to content

Culture and tourism in Belém (Pará)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Culture and tourism in Belém, the capital of Pará, is influenced by indigenous people and foreign immigrants, who manifest themselves through religious manifestations, gastronomy, folklore, dances, music, theaters, museums, among others. Belém stands out as a great tourist destination in Brazil, creating an excellent opportunity for travel investment.[1]

Cultural sites

[edit]
Ver-o-Peso.

Main tourist attractions

[edit]

Historical centers

[edit]
  • Cidade Velha: also known as the Historic Center of Belém, it houses buildings from Brazil's colonial period. It is one of the most important historical and cultural heritage sites in Pará. The neighborhood, which is home to the Feliz Lusitânia Complex, was founded with the construction of the Presépio Fort, today called Castelo Fort, erected at the behest of the Portuguese Crown at the beginning of the 16th century. The area includes Rua da Ladeira, Belém's first street, which connects the Açaí Fair to Dom Frei Caetano Brandão Square and offers simple bars and restaurants. Another famous place in the neighborhood is the Clock Square, where there is a 12-meter-high English clock built in the 1930s. The area is also home to the Our Lady of Grace Cathedral, Dom Pedro II Square, Church of Our Lady of Mercy, the City Hall building and Mangal das Garças.[8]
  • Engenho Murucutu: the ruins of an old steam-powered sugar cane mill. It was completed in the 18th century and destroyed during the Cabanagem regime. One of the highlights is the Chapel of Our Lady of the Conception (1711), built in the neoclassical style and designed by Antônio José Landi.[20]

Museums

[edit]
Belém Museum of Art.

Theaters

[edit]
Theatro da Paz.

Palaces

[edit]

Monuments and memorials

[edit]
Cabanagem Memorial.

Squares

[edit]
Clock Square.

Belém is famous for its large, tree-lined squares, including some designed with elements of European architecture. Today there are 236 squares in the city, including:[23]

  • Republic Square: one of the oldest and most important in the municipality. It is surrounded by the Theatro da Paz and the Waldemar Henrique Experimental Theater, as well as the UFPA Arts Center and the Bar do Parque. The square contains several mango trees and holds cultural events and a variety of handicraft fairs every weekend;[24][25]
  • Batista Campos Square;
  • Rui Barbosa Square;
  • Clock Square;
  • Fisherman's Square: a large popular space located in front of Guajará Bay that embellishes the Ver-o-Peso Complex;[26]
  • Sanctuary Square;
  • Amazonas Square;
  • Princesa Isabel Square (Tourist Terminal);
  • Magalhães Barata Square;
  • Valdemar Henrique Square;
  • Dom Pedro II Square.

Cooking

[edit]
Cupuassu.

The cuisine of Belém has a strong indigenous influence and includes typical dishes such as duck in tucupi sauce with jambu, tacacá, maniçoba and açaí. The elements found in the region form the basis of their dishes. With more than a hundred edible species, regional fruits can be found at Ver-o-Peso, open-air fairs and supermarkets around the city. They are directly responsible for the flavor of the desserts that enrich the food of Pará. Highlights include: açaí, bacaba, bacuri, cupuassu, Brazil nuts, bacuri, pupunha, tucumã, nance, pequi and yellow mombin.[27]

Music

[edit]

The most popular rhythms are brega pop, tecno brega, carimbó, lundu, siriá and fandango.[28][29]

Sports

[edit]

The main football clubs are Clube do Remo and Paysandu Sport Club, known for their rivalry. Another traditional club in Pará is Tuna Luso Brasileira, founded by the Portuguese community in Belém. There are also other smaller groups competing in the championship, such as Sporting Maracanã, Pedreira, Pinheirense, Sport Belém, Sport Real, Tiradentes, Carajás and Vila Rica.[30][31]

Remo versus Paysandu, the Belém derby, has been played since June 10, 1914. With more than 700 editions, it is considered the biggest derby in the North of Brazil, surpassing any other national match. The arena, known as the Mangueirão, was extensively renovated in 2002.[32][33]

Religion

[edit]
Círio de Nazaré.

Belém hosts the Círio de Nazaré, the religious festival with the largest procession in Brazil, which takes place every year on the second Sunday of October and brings together around two million faithful. The feast in devotion to Our Lady of Nazareth, celebrated in Belém since 1793, is the biggest Christian festivity in the country and the largest Catholic procession in the world. Nowadays, the manifestations of profane and religious devotion last for fifteen days during the so-called Nazarene season.[34] The most important highlights of this event are:

  • River Pilgrimage;
  • Road Pilgrimage;
  • Motorcycle Pilgrimage;
  • Transfer;
  • Círio Procession.

Catholics

[edit]
Church of Our Lady of Mercy.

Belém has countless churches, chapels and shrines, including the following:[35]

  • Our Lady of Grace Cathedral (1771): built in the Amazonian Baroque style, it is currently the seat of the archbishopric of Belém. Its gold-plated altar was donated by Pope Pius XI and, on its ten side altars, instead of sacred pieces, there are beautiful paintings;[35]
  • Basilica of Our Lady of Nazareth of Exile (1909): the only basilica in the Brazilian Amazon. Its history, symbolism and religious importance have a profound influence on the religious community of Pará. On May 31, 2006, the Archdiocesan Marian Shrine was renamed the Basilica of Our Lady of Nazareth;[35]
  • Church and College of St. Alexander (1719): built in the Amazonian Baroque style to house the archbishopric of Belém, it was recently restored to house the Museum of Sacred Art;[35]
  • Church of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (1696): Belém's oldest church. It was restored in the 18th century by the Italian architect Antonio Landi and has beautiful works of art and a silver altar inlaid with semi-precious stones. It has a neoclassical style mixed with baroque;[35]
  • Church of Our Lady of Mercy (1763): one of the few churches in Brazil with a convex facade and numerous bronze sacred works. Several Cabanagem battles took place in the church;[35]
  • Church of Saint Anne (1782): construction began in 1753 and was completed in 1782. It was designed by Antonio Landi, has a distinctive Italian style and a beautiful central dome;[35]
  • Church of Our Lady of the Rosary (1796): also designed by Antonio Landi and built by the Brotherhood of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black People at the end of the 18th century. Today, it is one of the best preserved churches in Belém;[35]
  • Church of Our Lady of the Holy Trinity (1814): at the beginning of the 19th century, the desire to build a church in honor of the Holy Trinity intensified in José Abranches, who was already 58 years old. The temple was completed in 1814;[36]
  • Church of St. John the Baptist (1777): small octagonal church designed by Antonio Landi. It displays beautiful sacred pieces inside and is in a good state of repair;[35]
  • Parish of St. Francis of Assisi (1907): built in the São Braz neighborhood by the Capuchin order, who needed a place in Pará to celebrate the feasts of St. Francis;[37]
  • Church of São Raimundo Nonato (1917): built in the medieval style during the peak of the rubber cycle, in the Umarizal neighborhood. It stands out for its fifteen-meter tower and its beautiful floors and century-old stained glass windows;[38]
  • Chapel and Convent of St. Anthony (1736): examples of 18th century Iberian and Franciscan artistic culture. Its severe and solid structure was built on the shore of Guajará Bay and the current distance between the building and the bay is due to the landfill and reconstruction carried out in 1736;[39]
  • Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal (1891): one of the first buildings during the occupation of the Umarizal neighborhood. It is currently in a good state of repair.[40]

Protestants

[edit]

The city has a large number of Protestant churches, the main ones being: Assembly of God, Seventh-day Adventist Church, International Grace of God Church, Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, Foursquare Church, Baptist Church, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Christian Congregation in Brazil and others. The First Assembly of God in Brazil was founded in Belém.[41]

Events

[edit]
Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport.

Due to being the oldest city in the Amazon and having the International Airport with numerous national and international connections, Belém is the stage for major events in the region, from local to international celebrations. The city has large fixed local events, such as the Círio de Nazaré (the largest religious feast in the country), the Amazon Book Fair (the 4th largest fair of its kind in the country), Supernorte (the greatest business event in the north of the country) and FITA - International Tourism Fair of the Amazon, among others.[34][42][43][44]

Currently, Belém has the Hangar Centro de Convenções e Feiras da Amazônia, where various types of events can be held, and the Mangueirão, one of the most complete stadiums in the country, as well as multipurpose spaces in various hotels, private centers and spaces managed by the public sector.[11][9]

Official holidays

[edit]

Municipal holidays

[edit]
Date Name
January 12 Belem's anniversary[45]
2nd Sunday in October Círio de Nazaré[34]
December 8 Immaculate Conception[46]

State holidays

[edit]
Date Name
August 15 Accession of Pará to Independence[47]

Federal holidays

[edit]
Date Name
January 1 Universal Fraternity Day
April 21 Tiradentes Day
May 1 Workers' Day
September 7 Independence Day
October 12 Our Lady of Aparecida Day
November 2 All Souls' Day
November 15 Proclamation of the Republic
December 25 Christmas

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Belém do Pará: da culinária à cultura do Norte do Brasil". Revista Azul. 2018-11-23. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  2. ^ Araújo, Marlisson Lopes de; Luz, Luziane Mesquita da; Rodrigues, José Edilson Cardoso. "ANÁLISE TEMPOROESPACIAL DA COBERTURA VEGETAL DO BAIRRO TENONÉ – BELÉM/PA". Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Arborização Urbana.
  3. ^ "Filhote de anta nasce no Bioparque Amazônia". O Impacto. 2011-10-17. Retrieved 2017-01-18.
  4. ^ Luz, Luziane Mesquita da; Rodrigues, José Edilson Cardoso (2009). Atlas De Áreas Verdes Da Cidade De Belem. Clube de Autores.
  5. ^ "Conheça a história do bonde de Belém, agora escondido por concreto". O Liberal. 2018-12-27. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  6. ^ Pereira, Úrsula (2019-10-08). "Espaço Cultural Casa das Onze Janelas será reaberto com quatro exposições". SECULT. Retrieved 2021-12-02.
  7. ^ Lorenzi, Mariana. "Palacete, Hospital Real, Subsistência do Exército, Museu Casa das Onze Janelas, Belém, Pará". Fórum Permanente. Retrieved 2021-12-02.
  8. ^ a b c Miranda, Cybelle Salvador (2006). "Cidade Velha e Feliz Lusitânia: Cenários do Patrimônio Cultural de Belém" (PDF). UFPA.
  9. ^ a b Pena, Gustavo (2013-03-04). "Estádio Olímpico Mangueirão completa 35 anos de inauguração". G1. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  10. ^ "ESTAÇÃO DAS DOCAS". Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  11. ^ a b "HISTÓRICO". HANGAR. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  12. ^ Correa, Homero Vilar (2014). "A REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL DE ÁREAS VERDES EM CIDADES: O CASO BOSQUE RODRIGUES ALVES - JARDIM BOTÂNICO DA AMAZÔNIA". Margens. 8 (11).
  13. ^ "História". Mangal das Garças. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  14. ^ "Seurb conclui 95% das obras de reforma da orla de Icoaraci". SEURB. 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  15. ^ Dias, Kamila (2022-03-28). "Seurb conclui 95% das obras de reforma da orla de Icoaraci". BelemTur. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  16. ^ "Planetário do Pará está entre os museus mais visitados no Brasil". Agência Pará. 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  17. ^ ""O Da Paz"". Theatro da Paz. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  18. ^ Fleury, Jorge Nassar; Ferreira, Aline Alves. "O mercado e a cidade: a influência do consumo de carne na história urbana de Belém na segunda metade do século XIX" (PDF). UFPA.
  19. ^ Freitas, Ana Paula Nazaré (2010). "POLÍTICAS CULTURAIS E CONSUMO CULTURAL: um estudo dos públicos da Estação das Docas em Belém/PA" (PDF). UECE.
  20. ^ Costa, Diogo Menezes (2020). "HISTÓRIAS DO ENGENHO DO MURUTUCU: UM PATRIMÔNIO ARRUINADO NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA". O Ideário Patrimonial. 14.
  21. ^ Severiano, Alan (2008-11-29). "Cientistas brasileiros firmam centros de pesquisa na Amazônia". G1. Retrieved 2014-11-28.
  22. ^ "Em um palácio, tesouros de Belém". Agência Pará. 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  23. ^ "Praças de Belém são opções de lazer e cultura durante o final de semana prolongado". Agência Belém. 2023-04-28. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  24. ^ "Conheça quatro pontos turísticos do Pará que possuem histórias 'macabras' e são assombrados". O Liberal. 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  25. ^ "3 curiosidades sobre a Praça da República, em Belém". Portal Amazônia. 2022-12-28. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  26. ^ "Ver-o-Peso (PA)". IPHAN. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  27. ^ Alves, Márcio. "A culinária da Região Norte do Brasil". Cidade e Cultura. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  28. ^ Ribeiro, Lucilene do Nascimento (2019). "TECNOBREGA: os contrastes de uma identidade cultural para o jovem periférico" (PDF). UFPA.
  29. ^ "MÚSICA". State Government of Pará. Archived from the original on 2016-11-05.
  30. ^ "RE X PA – UMA HISTÓRIA DE RIVALIDADE E PAIXÃO". Castanhal News. 2018-01-30. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  31. ^ "Clubes". Ver-Belém. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  32. ^ Cortinhas, Nilson (2020-05-05). "Com clássico Re-Pa de quatro gols, reinauguração do Mangueirão completa maioridade nesta terça-feira". O Liberal. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  33. ^ Pena, Gustavo (2012-06-07). "Primeiro clássico Re-Pa foi disputado em 10 de junho de 1914". G1. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  34. ^ a b c Justino, Adriano (2008-06-06). "O Círio de Nazaré é a maior festa cristã do país". Gazeta do Povo. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i Derenji, Jussara de Oliveira (2009). Igrejas, palácios e palacetes de Belém (PDF). Brasília: IPHAN. ISBN 978-85-7334-120-1.
  36. ^ "PARÓQUIA SANTÍSSIMA TRINDADE VOLTA A REALIZAR FESTIVIDADE DE MANEIRA PRESENCIAL". 2022-06-03. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  37. ^ "ORDEM FRANCISCANA COM NOVOS MEMBROS". Fundação Nazaré. 2022-08-04. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  38. ^ "100 ANOS DA PARÓQUIA DE SÃO RAIMUNDO". Fundação Nazaré. 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  39. ^ "Igreja de Santo Antonio". Ver-Belém. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  40. ^ "O Céu desceu à terra: a devoção a Nossa Senhora das Graças e à Medalha Milagrosa". Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  41. ^ "A chegada da Assembleia de Deus no Brasil". Unigrejas. 2020-06-29. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  42. ^ Rocha, Iego (2023-09-04). "26ª Feira Pan-Amazônica do Livro e das Multivozes traz ampla programação de 9 a 17 de setembro, em Belém". Agência Pará. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  43. ^ Souza, Rodrigo (2022-04-12). "SuperNorte 2022 Acontecerá Em Outubro No Hangar; Veja O Que Sabemos". Belém Negócios. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  44. ^ Pegado, Israel. "Feira Internacional de Turismo da Amazônia abre oficialmente nesta quinta-feira". Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  45. ^ "BELÉM: 400 ANOS DE MUITAS HISTÓRIAS". Agência Belém. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  46. ^ "Santuário de Aparecida, em Belém, celebra dia da padroeira do Brasil nesta quarta-feira (12); saiba a programação". G1. 2022-10-11. Retrieved 2023-10-10.
  47. ^ "200 anos de Adesão da Província do Pará à independência da Republica do Brasil". ALEPA. 2023-08-15. Retrieved 2023-10-10.