Draft:2017 British Columbian government formation

2017 BC government formation
Date	May 9–July 18, 2017
Location	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Cause	Hung parliament following the 2017 general election
Participants	Christy Clark; John Horgan; Andrew Weaver; Judith Guichon;
Outcome	Resignation of Christy Clark as Premier; Premiership of John Horgan; Horgan ministry; 2018 Liberal Party leadership election;

The events leading up to the formation of the Government of British Columbia took place between May 9 and July 18, 2017, following the 41st British Columbia general election. Neither the incumbent Liberal Party or the New Democratic Party, the two main parties in the legislature, were able to win a majority threshold of forty-four seats, resulting in a hung parliament, and uncertainty as to who would form government. The Liberals led by Premier Christy Clark, which were one seat short of a parliamentary majority continued to govern, while both the Liberals and the New Democrats attempted to persuade the Green Party to use their balance of power to either support or defeat the Clark government. The Green Party eventually entered into a confidence and supply agreement with the New Democrats to support a New Democratic government led by John Horgan, in exchange for some Green Party campaign interests such as electoral reform.

General election

The 2017 British Columbia general election took place on May 9 to fill the 87 seats of the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. By the end of the night, no party had won a majority, with the incumbent Liberals leading and holding 43 seats, one short of the required 44 seat majority threshold. As absentee ballots still had to be counted, which had the potential to flip some of the closer constituency elections, no winner was projected. Absentee ballot counting and a couple electoral recounts occurred up until May 24, but despite the close margins, there were no changes to the seat count reported on May 9, leaving the legislature with 44 Liberal seats, 41 New Democratic seats, and 3 Green seats. Technically speaking, this meant that the Liberals won the election with a plurality of seats, but were in a precarious position as the two opposition parties outnumbered them in the legislature by one seat.

Initial statements and negotiations

On the night of the election, Christy Clark made a victory speech of sorts, acknowledging that despite winning the popular vote and the plurality of seats, their mandate was weaker, and they would have to collaborate with the other parties to satisfy the British Columbian electorate. Andrew Weaver, whose Green Party now held the balance of power, stated that he would negotiate with both parties in hopes that the next government would be supportive of some of the Green Party's initiatives. At around 12:30am on May 10, John Horgan stated that "we've waited 16 years for a new government and we have to ask you to wait a little bit longer," confident that he would be able to defeat a minority Liberal government in a hung parliament.^[1]

First session of the Legislative Assembly

Non-confidence vote results
Caucus	Yes	No	Abst.
Total	44	42	1
█ Liberal	0	42	1^[a]
█ New Democratic	41	0	0
█ Green	3	0	0

The 41st Parliament of British Columbia was first convened on June 22, with Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia Judith Guichon delivering the speech from the throne on behalf of Christy Clark. The speech mentioned 48 initiatives that the Liberal government were planning to work towards, 30 of which were not part of the Liberal's campaign platform. This drew criticism from many BC Liberal politicians, who saw the move as a cheap attempt to stay in power by pandering to leftist values, rather than sticking with the Liberal's electoral promises.

On June 28, John Horgan introduced a motion of no confidence against the Liberal government. It passed the next day by a vote of 44–42.^[2] Despite the initial criticism of the speech from many Liberal MLAs, all Liberal MLAs (except Steve Thomson who abstained as the speaker of the legislature) voted against the motion, while all NDP and Green MLAs voted in favour of defeating the government.^[2]

Upon her government's defeat, Christy Clark requested that the Lieutenant Governor dissolve parliament so another election could be held. Despite Clark initially claiming that she would not seek another immediate election, she argued that no party could form a stable government with a one-seat margin in the legislature. Judith Guichon refused the request and granted John Horgan a chance to form government instead. Horgan's cabinet was sworn in on July 18, with Horgan becoming the 36th premier of British Columbia. Ten days later, Clark resigned as the BC Liberal party leader.