From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Combination drug
Estradiol/norethisterone (E2/NET ), tentative brand name Netagen or Netagen 403 , was a combination of estradiol (E2), an estrogen , and norethisterone (NET), a progestin , which was studied as a birth control pill to prevent pregnancy in women.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] It was taken by mouth and contained 4 mg micronized E2 and 3 mg NET per tablet .[ 2] [ 3] The medication was developed by Novo Pharmaceuticals in Denmark and was never marketed.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
Two related formulations were Netagen 423 (4 mg estradiol, 2 mg estriol , 3 mg norethisterone) and Netasyn (50 μg ethinylestradiol , 3 mg norethisterone), were also studied but never marketed.[ 1] [ 3] [ 4]
^ a b c Fruzzetti F, Bitzer J (January 2010). "Review of clinical experience with estradiol in combined oral contraceptives". Contraception . 81 (1): 8–15. doi :10.1016/j.contraception.2009.08.010 . PMID 20004267 .
^ a b c Astedt B, Svanberg L, Jeppsson S, Liedholm P, Rannevik G (January 1977). "The natural oestrogenic hormone oestradiol as a new component of combined oral contraceptives" . Br Med J . 1 (6056): 269. doi :10.1136/bmj.1.6056.269 . PMC 1604185 . PMID 319864 .
^ a b c d Astedt B, Jeppsson S, Liedholm P, Rannevik G, Svanberg L (September 1979). "Clinical trial of a new oral contraceptive pill containing the natural oestrogen 17 beta-oestradiol". Br J Obstet Gynaecol . 86 (9): 732–6. doi :10.1111/j.1471-0528.1979.tb11276.x . PMID 387069 . S2CID 72299078 .
^ a b Samsioe G, Skryten A, Silfverstolpe G (1983). "Oral contraception with a nonalkylated estrogen component. Effects on lipid metabolism". Gynecol. Obstet. Invest . 15 (5): 275–82. doi :10.1159/000299421 . PMID 6852647 .
^ Skouby SO, Jensen BM, Kühl C, Mølsted-Pedersen L, Svenstrup B, Nielsen J (July 1985). "Hormonal contraception in diabetic women: acceptability and influence on diabetes control and ovarian function of a nonalkylated estrogen/progestogen compound". Contraception . 32 (1): 23–31. doi :10.1016/0010-7824(85)90113-1 . PMID 4053603 .
Estrogens
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor agonists
Steroidal: Alfatradiol
Certain androgens /anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone , testosterone esters , methyltestosterone , metandienone , nandrolone esters ) (via estrogenic metabolites)
Certain progestins (e.g., norethisterone , noretynodrel , etynodiol diacetate , tibolone )
Clomestrone
Cloxestradiol acetate
Conjugated estriol
Conjugated estrogens
Epiestriol
Epimestrol
Esterified estrogens
Estetrol †
Estradiol
Estradiol esters (e.g., estradiol acetate , estradiol benzoate , estradiol cypionate , estradiol enanthate , estradiol undecylate , estradiol valerate , polyestradiol phosphate , estradiol ester mixtures (Climacteron ))
Estramustine phosphate
Estriol
Estriol esters (e.g., estriol succinate , polyestriol phosphate )
Estrogenic substances
Estrone
Estrone esters
Ethinylestradiol #
Hydroxyestrone diacetate
Mestranol
Methylestradiol
Moxestrol
Nilestriol
Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA)
Promestriene
Quinestradol
Quinestrol
Progonadotropins
Antiestrogens
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor antagonists (incl. SERMs Tooltip selective estrogen receptor modulators /SERDs Tooltip selective estrogen receptor downregulators )Aromatase inhibitors Antigonadotropins
Androgens /anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone , testosterone esters , nandrolone esters , oxandrolone , fluoxymesterone )
D2 receptor antagonists (prolactin releasers) (e.g., domperidone , metoclopramide , risperidone , haloperidol , chlorpromazine , sulpiride )
GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprorelin , goserelin )
GnRH antagonists (e.g., cetrorelix , elagolix )
Progestogens (e.g., chlormadinone acetate , cyproterone acetate , gestonorone caproate , hydroxyprogesterone caproate , medroxyprogesterone acetate , megestrol acetate )
Others
Androgens (incl. AAS Tooltip anabolic–androgenic steroid )
Antiandrogens
AR Tooltip Androgen receptor antagonists Steroidogenesis inhibitors
Antigonadotropins
D2 receptor antagonists (prolactin releasers ) (e.g., domperidone , metoclopramide , risperidone , haloperidol , chlorpromazine , sulpiride )
Estrogens (e.g., bifluranol , diethylstilbestrol , estradiol , estradiol esters , ethinylestradiol , ethinylestradiol sulfonate , paroxypropione )
GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprorelin )
GnRH antagonists (e.g., cetrorelix )
Progestogens (incl., chlormadinone acetate , cyproterone acetate , hydroxyprogesterone caproate , gestonorone caproate , medroxyprogesterone acetate , megestrol acetate )
Others
AR Tooltip Androgen receptor
Agonists SARMs Tooltip Selective androgen receptor modulator Antagonists
GPRC6A
ER Tooltip Estrogen receptor
Agonists
Steroidal: 2-Hydroxyestradiol
2-Hydroxyestrone
3-Methyl-19-methyleneandrosta-3,5-dien-17β-ol
3α-Androstanediol
3α,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
3β,5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
3α-Hydroxytibolone
3β-Hydroxytibolone
3β-Androstanediol
4-Androstenediol
4-Androstenedione
4-Fluoroestradiol
4-Hydroxyestradiol
4-Hydroxyestrone
4-Methoxyestradiol
4-Methoxyestrone
5-Androstenediol
7-Oxo-DHEA
7α-Hydroxy-DHEA
7α-Methylestradiol
7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
8,9-Dehydroestradiol
8,9-Dehydroestrone
8β-VE2
10β,17β-Dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED)
11β-Chloromethylestradiol
11β-Methoxyestradiol
15α-Hydroxyestradiol
16-Ketoestradiol
16-Ketoestrone
16α-Fluoroestradiol
16α-Hydroxy-DHEA
16α-Hydroxyestrone
16α-Iodoestradiol
16α-LE2
16β-Hydroxyestrone
16β,17α-Epiestriol (16β-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
17α-Estradiol (alfatradiol )
17α-Dihydroequilenin
17α-Dihydroequilin
17α-Epiestriol (16α-hydroxy-17α-estradiol)
17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
17β-Dihydroequilenin
17β-Dihydroequilin
17β-Methyl-17α-dihydroequilenin
Abiraterone
Abiraterone acetate
Alestramustine
Almestrone
Anabolic steroids (e.g., testosterone and esters , methyltestosterone , metandienone (methandrostenolone) , nandrolone and esters , many others; via estrogenic metabolites)
Atrimustine
Bolandiol
Bolandiol dipropionate
Butolame
Clomestrone
Cloxestradiol
Conjugated estriol
Conjugated estrogens
Cyclodiol
Cyclotriol
DHEA
DHEA-S
ent -Estradiol
Epiestriol (16β-epiestriol, 16β-hydroxy-17β-estradiol)
Epimestrol
Equilenin
Equilin
ERA-63 (ORG-37663)
Esterified estrogens
Estetrol
Estradiol
Estramustine
Estramustine phosphate
Estrapronicate
Estrazinol
Estriol
Estrofurate
Estrogenic substances
Estromustine
Estrone
Etamestrol (eptamestrol)
Ethinylandrostenediol
Ethinylestradiol
Ethinylestriol
Ethylestradiol
Etynodiol
Etynodiol diacetate
Hexolame
Hippulin
Hydroxyestrone diacetate
Lynestrenol
Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
Mestranol
Methylestradiol
Moxestrol
Mytatrienediol
Nilestriol
Norethisterone
Noretynodrel
Orestrate
Pentolame
Prodiame
Prolame
Promestriene
RU-16117
Quinestradol
Quinestrol
Tibolone
Xenoestrogens: Anise -related (e.g., anethole , anol , dianethole , dianol , photoanethole )
Chalconoids (e.g., isoliquiritigenin , phloretin , phlorizin (phloridzin) , wedelolactone )
Coumestans (e.g., coumestrol , psoralidin )
Flavonoids (incl. 7,8-DHF , 8-prenylnaringenin , apigenin , baicalein , baicalin , biochanin A , calycosin , catechin , daidzein , daidzin , ECG , EGCG , epicatechin , equol , formononetin , glabrene , glabridin , genistein , genistin , glycitein , kaempferol , liquiritigenin , mirificin , myricetin , naringenin , penduletin , pinocembrin , prunetin , puerarin , quercetin , tectoridin , tectorigenin )
Lavender oil
Lignans (e.g., enterodiol , enterolactone , nyasol (cis -hinokiresinol) )
Metalloestrogens (e.g., cadmium )
Pesticides (e.g., alternariol , dieldrin , endosulfan , fenarimol , HPTE , methiocarb , methoxychlor , triclocarban , triclosan )
Phytosteroids (e.g., digitoxin (digitalis ), diosgenin , guggulsterone )
Phytosterols (e.g., β-sitosterol , campesterol , stigmasterol )
Resorcylic acid lactones (e.g., zearalanone , α-zearalenol , β-zearalenol , zearalenone , zeranol (α-zearalanol) , taleranol (teranol, β-zearalanol) )
Steroid -like (e.g., deoxymiroestrol , miroestrol )
Stilbenoids (e.g., resveratrol , rhaponticin )
Synthetic xenoestrogens (e.g., alkylphenols , bisphenols (e.g., BPA , BPF , BPS ), DDT , parabens , PBBs , PHBA , phthalates , PCBs )
Others (e.g., agnuside , rotundifuran )
Mixed (SERMs Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators ) Antagonists
Coregulator-binding modulators: ERX-11
GPER Tooltip G protein-coupled estrogen receptor
Agonists Antagonists Unknown
PR Tooltip Progesterone receptor
Agonists
Testosterone derivatives: Progestins: 6,6-Difluoronorethisterone
6,6-Difluoronorethisterone acetate
17α-Allyl-19-nortestosterone
Allylestrenol
Altrenogest
Chloroethynylnorgestrel
Cingestol
Danazol
Desogestrel
Dienogest
Ethinylandrostenediol
Ethisterone
Ethynerone
Etonogestrel
Etynodiol
Etynodiol diacetate
Gestodene
Gestrinone
Levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel esters (e.g., levonorgestrel butanoate )
Lynestrenol
Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
Metynodiol
Metynodiol diacetate
Norelgestromin
Norethisterone (norethindrone)
Norethisterone esters (e.g., norethisterone acetate , norethisterone enanthate )
Noretynodrel
Norgesterone
Norgestimate
Norgestrel
Norgestrienone
Norvinisterone
Oxendolone
Quingestanol
Quingestanol acetate
Tibolone
Tigestol
Tosagestin ; Anabolic–androgenic steroids: 11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone
11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate
19-Nor-5-androstenediol
19-Nor-5-androstenedione
19-Nordehydroepiandrosterone
Bolandiol
Bolandiol dipropionate
Bolandione
Dimethisterone
Dienedione
Dienolone
Dimethandrolone
Dimethandrolone buciclate
Dimethandrolone dodecylcarbonate
Dimethandrolone undecanoate
Dimethyldienolone
Dimethyltrienolone
Ethyldienolone
Ethylestrenol (ethylnandrol)
Methyldienolone
Metribolone (R-1881)
Methoxydienone (methoxygonadiene)
Mibolerone
Nandrolone
Nandrolone esters (e.g., nandrolone decanoate , nandrolone phenylpropionate )
Norethandrolone
Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethandrolone, normethisterone)
RU-2309
Tetrahydrogestrinone
Trenbolone (trienolone)
Trenbolone esters (e.g., trenbolone acetate , trenbolone enanthate )
Trendione
Trestolone
Trestolone acetate
Mixed (SPRMs Tooltip Selective progesterone receptor modulators ) Antagonists
mPR Tooltip Membrane progesterone receptor (PAQR Tooltip Progestin and adipoQ receptor )