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List of Category 1 Australian region tropical cyclones

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Cyclone Ellie

Category 1 is the lowest classification on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale used to classify tropical cyclones, that have 10-minute sustained winds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph). As of 2020 tropical cyclones have peaked as Category 1 tropical cyclones in the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the waters surrounding Australia to the south of the equator, between 90°E and 160°E. The earliest tropical cyclone to be classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone was Carmen. The latest was Ellie which was classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone as it affected Australia.

Background

[edit]

The Australian region tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between 90°E and 160°E.[1] The basin is officially monitored by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Papua New Guinea's National Weather Service as well as Indonesia's Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika. Other meteorological services such as the Fiji Meteorological Service, the New Zealand MetService, Météo-France as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a Category 1 tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.[1][2] A named storm could also be classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone if it is estimated, to have 1-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 64–82 knots (119–152 km/h; 74–94 mph) on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.[1][3] However, this scale is not officially used in the Australian, however, various agencies including NASA also use it to compare tropical cyclones.[1] A Category 1 tropical cyclone is expected to cause some damage, if it significantly impacts land at or near its peak intensity.[2][3]

Systems

[edit]

1970s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Isa 16–18 April 1970 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Solomon Islands [4]
Dora 10–17 February 1971 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Queensland Widespread None [5][6]
Fiona 24 February 1971 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Queensland, New Caledonia [7]
Faith 14–22 April 1972 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory, Queensland [8]
Maud 29–31 January 1973 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Western Australia [9]
Bella 23–24 March 1973 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Northern Territory
Paula 29–24 March 1973 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Northern Territory [10]
Natalie 1 December 1973 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) [11]
Flora 13–14 March 1975 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory
Amelia (1975) 6–9 April 1975 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory [12]
Denise 20–23 May 1975 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Cocos Island Minor None [13][14]
Kim (1975)
Sue (1975)
Alan (1976)
Hope (1976)
Carol (1976)
June (1977)
Keith (1977)
Lily (1977)
Miles (1977)
Nancy (1977)
Otto (1977)
Stan (1979)
Gordon (1979)

1980s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Paul
Edna 20 - 27 December 1980 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [15][16]
Amelia 4 - 7 December 1981 65 km/h (40 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Northern Territory Unknown Unknown [17][18]
04U 19 - 27 December 1981 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory Unknown Unknown [19][20]
Coral
Claudia
Des
Fritz
06U
Rebecca 20 - 23 February 1985 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Arnhem Land, Cape York Peninsula Minimal Unknown [21][22]
Ophelia
Hector
Vernon
Alfred
Blanch(e)
Herbie 18–19 May 1988 75 km/h (45 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Western Australia $20 million None [23][24]
John 23 – 31 January 1989 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Cocos Island None None [25]
Leon –
Hanitra		 13 – 19 February 1989 85 km/h (50 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) None None None [26]
Marcia 2 – 5 March 1989 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [27]
Ernie 9 – 13 May 1989 85 km/h (50 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea Unknown Unknown [28]

1990s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Rosita 4 – 17 January 1990 85 km/h (50 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) None None None [29]
Greg 28 February – 5 March 1990 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [30][31]
Bessi 15 – 18 April 1990 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [32]
Laurence 8 – 12 December 1990 65 km/h (40 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [33]
Ken 17 – 21 December 1992 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Cocos Island None None [34]
Oscar 28 December 1993 – 9 January 1994 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia None None [35]
Sadie 29 – 31 January 1994 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Cape York None None [36][37]
Tim 28 March – 3 April 1994 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Christmas Island, Cocos Island None None [38]
Emma 2 – 16 December 1995 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Christmas Island Minor None [39]
Isobel 27 January – 1 February 1996 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [40]
Dennis 15 – 18 February 1996 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Cape York None None [41][42]
Lindsay 9 – 13 July 1996 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [43][44]
Melanie –
Bellamine		 28 October – 1 November 1996 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None None None [45]
Nicholas 12 – 15 December 1996 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Western Australia None None [43][46]
Gillian 8 – 12 February 1997 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Papua New Guinea, Queensland Unknown Unknown [43][47]
Ita 23 – 24 February 1997 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Queensland Unknown Unknown [43]
Sid 24 – 29 December 1997 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Northern Territory $100 million 1 [48][49]
May 25 – 26 February 1998 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory Unknown Unknown [50]
Zelia 7 – 10 October 1998 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [51]
Olinda 20 – 21 January 1999 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) New Caledonia Unknown Unknown [52]

2000s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Marcia 14 – 18 February 2000 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [53]
Winsome 8 – 14 February 2001 75 km/h (45 mph) 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) Northern Territory AU$1 million 1 [54][55]
Wylva 15 – 22 February 2001 75 km/h (45 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Northern Australia AU$13 million Unknown [56][57]
Errol 8 – 14 May 2002 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [58]
Upia 21 – 29 May 2002 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Budelun Island Unknown Unknown [59][citation needed]
Beni 1 – 5 February 2003 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Queensland, Solomon Islands
Vanuatu, New Caledonia		 $6 million 1 [60][citation needed]
Graham 27 February – 1 March 2003 75 km/h (45 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Western Australia Unknown 1 [61]
Harriet 1 – 11 March 2003 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None None None [62]
Epi 5 – 6 June 2003 65 km/h (40 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Papua New Guinea Unknown Unknown [63][citation needed]
Evan 27 February – 4 March 2004 65 km/h (40 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Northern Australia Unknown Unknown [64][citation needed]
Phoebe 1 – 5 September 2004 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [65]
Raymond 30 December 2004 – 10 January 2005 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Western Australia, Northern Territory None None [66]
Tim 22 – 25 January 2005 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [67]
Vivienne 4 – 9 February 2005 65 km/h (40 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None None None [68]
Emma 26 February – 1 March 2006 75 km/h (45 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Western Australia Unknown Unknown [69][citation needed]
Pierre 15 – 23 May 2007 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea Unknown Unknown [70][citation needed]
01U/01S 26 July – 1 August 2007 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [71]
Charlotte 10 – 12 January 2009 85 km/h (50 mph) 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Cape York Peninsular Unknown Unknown [72]
Ellie 10 – 12 January 2009 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Queensland Unknown Unknown [73]
Freddy 3 – 13 February 2009 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None Unknown Unknown [74]
Kirrily 18 April – 1 May 2009 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Indonesia Unknown Unknown [75]

2010s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Neville 14 – 22 January 2010 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Queensland Unknown Unknown [76][77]
Tasha 23 — 25 December 2010 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Queensland Unknown 1 [78][79]
Vince 9 — 16 January 2011 75 km/h (45 mph) 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) None None None [80]
25U/20S 29 March – 6 April 2011 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Western Australia None None [81]
Mitchell 26 December – 1 January 85 km/h (50 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) None None None [82]
Oswald 17 – 29 January 2013 65 km/h (40 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Eastern Australia $2.28 billion 6 [83][citation needed]
Alessia 20 November – 1 December 2013 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Northern Australia Minimal None [84]
Edna 31 January – 4 February 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Queensland, New Caledonia Unknown None [85]
Hadi 28 February – 12 March 2014 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Queensland, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu Unknown None [86][citation needed]
Raquel 30 June – 5 July 2015 65 km/h (40 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Solomon Islands Minimal 1 [87][citation needed]
Yvette 18 – 25 December 2016 85 km/h (50 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Western Australia Minimial None [88]
Caleb 21 – 30 March 2017 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [89]
Greg 29 April – 1 May 2017 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [90]
Cempaka 21 – 29 November 2017 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Indonesia Unknown 41 [91][citation needed]
Irving 3 – 6 January 2018 75 km/h (45 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [92]
Flamboyan 27 – 28 April 2018 65 km/h (40 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None [93]
Kenanga 14 - 16 December 2018 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [94]
Lili 4 - 11 May 2019 75 km/h (45 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Eastern Indonesia, East Timor, Top End Unknown Unknown [citation needed]

2020s

[edit]
Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Blake 4 - 8 January 2020 75 km/h (45 mph) 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Western Australia [95]
Esther 21 February - 4 March 2020 75 km/h (45 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Northern Australia None None [96]
Gretel 13 - 14 March 2020 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Cape York Peninsula, New Caledonia, New Zealand Unknown Unknown [97][98]
Harold 1 - 3 April 2020 65 km/h (40 mph) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga Significant 29 [99]
Mangga 19 - 23 May 2020 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Western Australia Unknown Unknown [citation needed]
Joshua 13 - 17 January 2021 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [100]
Kimi 15 - 19 January 2021 85 km/h (50 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Queensland None None [101]
Paddy 18 - 25 November 2021 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Christmas Island None None [102]
Teratai 30 November - 11 December 2021 75 km/h (45 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None None None [103]
01U 26 July - 1 August 2022 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None None None [104]
Ellie 21 December 2022  - 8 January 2023 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia Unknown Unknown [105]

Other systems

[edit]
  • Tropical Cyclone Pearl (1983) was declassified as a tropical cyclone during post-season analysis, after the BoM determined that it was unlikely to have become a tropical cyclone as a result of the strong wind shear over the area.[106]
  • Tropical Cyclones Isobel (2006), Odette (2008), Fletcher (2014) were declassified as tropical cyclones during post-season analysis, after the BoM determined that the system had not reached tropical cyclone intensity.[107][108][109]
  • Tropical Cyclone's Ken (2004) Gabrielle (2009), Anggrek (2010) were declassified as tropical cyclones during post-season analysis, after the BoM estimated that gale force winds did not extend more than 1/2 way around the centre.[110][111][112]
  • Tropical Cyclone Peta was declassified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone during post-season analysis, after the BoM estimated that gale force winds did not extend more than 1/2 way around the centre for more than 6 hours.[113]
  • The FMS shows that Tropical Cyclone Liua moved into the basin on September 28, 2018, as a Category 1 tropical cyclone with 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[114]
  • Metservice shows that Tropical Cyclone Veli was a Category 1 tropical cyclone within the Australian region between 4 - 6 February 1987, with 10-minute sustained winds of 85 km/h (50 mph).[115]
  • Tropical Cyclone Usha was named as a tropical cyclone by the Papua New Guinea National Weather Service, however, it is not currently recorded in the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's tropical cyclone database.[116]

Climatology

[edit]
Category 1 tropical cyclones by month
Month Number of storms
January
0
February
0
March
0
April
0
May
0
June
0
July
0
August
0
September
0
October
0
November
0
December
0
Category 1 tropical cyclones by decade
Decade Number of storms
1970s
0
1980s
0
1990s
18
2000s
21
2010s
19
2020s
11

Notes

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (2024). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2024 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved October 14, 2024.
  2. ^ a b 2017/2018 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary of Alerts and Warnings Procedures for Fiji (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. October 23, 2017. pp. 3 & 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 13, 2018.
  3. ^ a b Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
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  8. ^ "1972 Tropical Cyclone Faith (1972102S11140)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  9. ^ "1973 Tropical Cyclone Maud (1973028S16123)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  10. ^ "1973 Tropical Cyclone Paula (1973085S09104)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  11. ^ "1973 Tropical Cyclone Natalie (1973335S15161)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  12. ^ "1975 Tropical Cyclone Amelia (1975097S10137)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
  13. ^ "1975 Tropical Cyclone Denise (1975139S12106)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
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  76. ^ Tropical Cyclone Neville (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
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