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List of echinoderm orders

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A brittle star, Ophionereis reticulata
A sea cucumber from Malaysia
Starfish exhibit a wide range of colours.

This List of echinoderm orders concerns the various classes and orders into which taxonomists categorize the roughly 7000 extant species[1] as well as the extinct species of the exclusively marine phylum Echinodermata.

Subphylum Crinozoa

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Crinoid
Haeckel Cystoidea

Class Paracrinoidea

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No orders, 13 to 15 genera are known.

Doubtful paracrinoids:

  • Columbocystis
  • Foerstecystis
  • Springerocystis
  • Ulrichocystis
  • Paleocystites
  • Allocystites
Streptaster vorticellatus (Edrioasteroidea)

Subphylum Asterozoa

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Class Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars)

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Class Asteroidea (Starfish)

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Subphylum Echinozoa

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Class Echinoidea (Sea urchins)

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Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a well-armoured sea urchin

Class Holothuroidea (Sea cucumbers)

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Euthemon

No orders recognized: class is divided up into four families, Eucladiidae, Sollasiniidae, Volchoviidae, and Rhenosquamidae. The inclusion of Rhenosquamidae within Ophiocistioidea is doubtful, as the organs identified in fossils of Rhenosquamus as the characteristic "scaly podia" otherwise diagnostic of ophiocistioids may not, in fact, be such structures.

No known orders, 2 known species, Helicoplacus curtisi and H. guthi

Subphylum Blastozoa

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Class Blastoidea

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Blastoidea

Class Eocrinoidea

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Gogia spiralis (Eocrinoidea)

Subphylum Homostelea / Homalozoa

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Corthurnocystis, a Stylophora.

Class Ctenocystoidea

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Class Soluta

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Class Cincta

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Class Stylophora

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References

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  1. ^ "Animal Diversity Web - Echinodermata". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  2. ^ Sweet, Elizabeth (2005-11-22). "Asterozoa: Fossil groups: SciComms 05-06: Earth Sciences". University of Bristol. Archived from the original on 2007-07-14. Retrieved 2008-05-07.