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Plague Inc.

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Plague Inc.
App Store icon
Developer(s)Ndemic Creations
Miniclip (Android 2012–2022)
Publisher(s)
  • Ndemic Creations
  • Miniclip (Android)
Composer(s)Joshua Kapalan
Marius Masalar
Platform(s)
Release
  • iOS: 26 May 2012
  • Android: 4 October 2012
  • Windows Phone: 13 May 2015
Genre(s)Real-time strategy, simulation
Mode(s)Single-player

Plague Inc. is a real-time strategy simulation game developed and published by Ndemic Creations. The game was inspired by the 2011 film Contagion and the 2008 web game Pandemic 2.[1] The player creates and evolves a pathogen to annihilate the human population with a deadly pandemic. The game uses an epidemic model with a complex and realistic set of variables to simulate the spread and severity of the plague. It was released on 26 May 2012 for iOS, 4 October 2012 for Android and 13 May 2015 for Windows Phone.

An updated version, which released on home consoles and personal computer (PC), first released in 2015 as Plague Inc: Evolved and includes adjustments and additions to the gameplay. In 2017, the developer released a physical board game based on Plague Inc. titled Plague Inc.: The Board Game.[2] In December 2018, the studio released Rebel Inc., a follow-up game with a political theme.[3] In 2024, Ndemic Creations released After Inc, which is meant to be more hopeful.[4]

According to Ndemic Creations, Plague Inc. has been downloaded over 160 million times as of May 2021.[5][6] The game was positively received by critics. The game has seen large surges of new users in several countries after significant virus outbreaks, such as the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic.[7][8]

Gameplay

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Gameplay screenshot of Plague Inc. showing a map of the world, with infected countries in red

Plague Inc. is a strategy-simulation game in which the player indirectly controls a plague, which has infected patient zero. The player can choose between game modes and pathogens and complete the objective set by the game mode by evolving the plague and adapting to various environments. The goals include but are not limited to, infecting and killing the world's population with a pathogen, enslaving the world's population with the 'Neurax Worm', converting the world's population into zombies with the 'Necroa Virus', establishing the Planet of the Apes with the 'Simian Flu', or corrupting humanity with the 'Shadow Plague'.[9] However, there is a time pressure to complete the game before humans (the opponent) develop a cure for the plague.[10]

The developer has said it is 'a bit like the film Contagion except you are on the other side'. The film Contagion was a partial inspiration for the game, according to the developer.[11] The developer has said the game was partially inspired by Pandemic 2, a browser-based Flash game released in 2008 by Dark Realm Studios.[12]

Disease types

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The player can use many different types of pathogens, each with its own advantages and disadvantages which influence evolution decisions. Initially, the player may only select bacteria. There are four modes of gameplay for each plague type. They are Casual, Normal, Brutal, and Mega Brutal; with Mega Brutal being accessed by clicking the yellow biohazard button under the Brutal icon. Subsequent pathogens are unlocked by winning the game with the previous one on Normal or Brutal Mode. These include virus, fungus, parasite, prion, nano-virus, and bio-weapon. There are also fictional special plague types, including the mind-controlling Neurax Worm, the zombie plague Necroa Virus, the "Simian Flu" from Rise of the Planet of the Apes, the vampire themed Shadow Plague, and the customizable Disease X from the 1.18.6 "The Cure". In addition to these disease types, there are scenarios. Plague Inc gives you the Fake News, Ultimate Boardgames, Science Denial, Mad Cow Disease, and The Black Death scenarios for free. However, all other scenarios cost $0.99 each. You can also buy a scenario pack, giving you all the scenarios for $2.99.

Development

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Development most likely started in 2011 with the British creator, James Vaughan, working on the game in his afternoons and evenings.[1] The game was released on 26 May 2012.

In July 2014, Ndemic Creations partnered with 20th Century Fox on an update themed as a tie-in to the film Dawn of the Planet of the Apes. Players cultivate the film's "Simian Flu" virus, which kills humans while making apes more intelligent. Players spread the virus to eradicate humans while helping apes survive and advance.[13]

In 2017, the developer released a physical board game based on Plague Inc. titled Plague Inc.: The Board Game.[a][14][15] $355,000 was raised for the board game on Kickstarter.[16] According to developer James Vaughan, "[he] really wanted the challenge of making a physical game to go alongside the video game - especially as board games are getting increasingly popular now".[14]

On 6 December 2018, Ndemic Creations released Rebel Inc., a follow-up game with a political theme based around the "complexities and consequences of foreign intervention and counter insurgency."[17] In it, players must stabilize a post-war country while stopping insurgents from taking power.[18] Though the game was originally only available on iOS, a port for Android devices was released on 11 February the following year.[19]

On 28 February 2019, the studio announced that they would add an in-game scenario about vaccine hesitancy to the game, after a Change.org petition to do so gained over 10,000 signatures.[20] On 24 March 2020, the studio announced that they would add a "cure mode" about stopping the plague outbreak due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.[21]

Plague Inc: Evolved

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Main article: Plague Inc: Evolved

The remake Plague Inc: Evolved for Steam and consoles has similar gameplay to the original Plague Inc but includes several features not present in the mobile version, such as multiplayer.[22]

Plague Inc. The Cure

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On 11 November 2020, Ndemic Creations added a new game mode to the game, named "Plague Inc. The Cure" in which players play against the disease, attempting to cure it.[23] Originally released on the mobile version only, the game mode was later brought to Evolved on PC via a downloadable content update on 28 January 2021.[24] Ndemic released the DLC for free saying that ''Plague Inc: The Cure will be free for all Plague Inc. players until COVID-19 is under control.''[25] with the game as of the 28th of October 2022 no longer being free costing a base price of 3,29€ or $4.99[26]

Reception

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Critical reception

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Plague Inc received "generally favorable" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic, with an aggregated score of 80/100.[27] Wired.com cited Plague Inc. as a notable independent developer success story as it "bucked the system by staying near the top of the charts in numerous countries for the entirety of its existence, pulling in millions in revenue while competing with the big players".[30] It was #1 paid app for both iPhone and iPad in the U.S. for two weeks after launch.[31] IGN said that "Killing billions has never been so fun".[28] TouchArcade said that "Plague Inc. will snag your attention in all the right ways and keep it there".[29] In December 2012, Plague Inc. was one of five games nominated for Best Strategy Game in IGN's Game of the Year 2012, both for mobile and for all platforms. It also won the 'Players Choice' award for best Mobile Strategy Game of 2012.[32] Overall, Plague Inc. was the 15th most downloaded paid iPhone game of 2012 in the U.S. (and 18th on iPad). It was also the 76th highest-grossing game of 2012.[33] In March 2013, the game went on to win multiple categories of the Pocket Gamer Awards, including Overall Game of the Year.[34] It was the 5th most downloaded paid iPhone game in the US in 2013.[35]

Sales

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According to Ndemic Creations, Plague Inc. has been downloaded over 160 million times, as of May 2021.[5][6] It has remained at the top of the charts worldwide for five years. Overall, it was the 15th most downloaded paid iPhone game of 2012 in the United States[33] and the 5th most downloaded paid iPhone game of 2013 in the U.S.[35] In 2014, it was the #3 best selling iPhone game in the U.S. and the #1 best selling iPhone app in China.[36] In 2015, it was the 7th best selling iPhone game in the U.S.[36] In 2016, it was the 4th best selling iPhone game there.[37]

As of April 2019, Plague Inc. The Board Game has sold over 35 thousand copies.[38][39]

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020, Plague, Inc. became the top-selling app in the Chinese market, and saw increased sales and number of concurrent players on other platforms. The interest was believed to be from Chinese video gamers trying to find a way to deal with fears raised by the outbreak. Ndemic reminded players that while Plague Inc. was developed based on scientific understanding of the spread of infectious diseases, the game was not on par with any scientific model, and added links to the World Health Organization's website on their own website in response to people inquiring about the coronavirus.[40][41][42] By February 2020, as the pandemic spread globally, Plague, Inc. had resurged to be the top paid app on the iOS app store, beating out Minecraft.[43] In response to newfound interest in the game, Ndemic added a mode, developed in conjunction with WHO, about fighting off a pandemic from spreading, based on some of the scientific techniques and lessons learned from the coronavirus spread.[44]

On 27 February 2020, the Chinese government forced the game to be removed from the App Store in China, with the Cyberspace Administration of China citing "illegal content" in the game, though they have not provided any further explanation to Ndemic.[45][46][47][48][49] Plague, Inc. had been updated with a "Fake News" content update, which they had yet to authorize to release to China, which has been believed to be the reason behind the ban given China's stance on media that is derogatory of their state media.[50]

Pandemic Flash game developer

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Dark Realm Studios initially complained on Twitter to IGN reviewer Justin Davis about the Plague Inc. release, saying that the game was "just an attempt to cash in on Pandemic 2.5" due to similarities in gameplay between the titles. The reviewer responded with an article defending Plague Inc. and saying "there's no denying that it bears a close resemblance to Pandemic, but there is also no denying that it improves on that basic disease-spreading premise"[51] Plague Inc. developer James Vaughan rejected the cash-in accusation.[52]

In 2013, Dark Realm Studios said they did not consider Plague Inc. to be a clone and they "regard the situation as a learning opportunity".[53]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention appearance

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In March 2013, James Vaughan, the developer of Plague Inc., was invited to talk at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) about Plague Inc.[54] He spoke about how he had modeled the spread of infectious disease inside the game as well as how games like Plague Inc. can be used to inform and educate the public.

Following the talk, the CDC said that it was interested in Plague Inc. as "it uses a non-traditional route to raise public awareness on epidemiology, disease transmission, and diseases/pandemic information. The game creates a compelling world that engages the public on serious public health topics".[55] The game itself got updated with more realistic situations following the CDC meeting as Vaughan got scientific tips regarding pathogens and transmission.[55] The game became the number one selling app in China early during the epidemic phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China; the company received so many inquiries that via its Twitter account it referred its users to the CDC website for information.[56]

Notes

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  1. ^ Alternatively titled Plague Inc: The Board Game.

References

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  1. ^ a b "Plague Inc. | Blogs | CDC". 16 April 2013. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  2. ^ "Scenario Creator set for launch, Board Game hits retail and Shadow Plague infects PS4 and Xbox One! - Ndemic Creations". Ndemic Creations. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  3. ^ "New game released! Rebel Inc. out now on iOS - Ndemic Creations". Ndemic Creations. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  4. ^ Kennedy, Victoria (28 November 2024). "Plague Inc gets surprise sequel where you rebuild humanity following devastating zombie apocalypse". Eurogamer.net. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Happy 9th Birthday Plague Inc.! - Ndemic Creations". www.ndemiccreations.com. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
  6. ^ a b ""PLAGUE INC THE BOARD GAME TO BE EXCLUSIVELY DISTRIBUTED BY ASMODEE USA" - Games Press". www.gamespress.com. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
  7. ^ Mamiit, Aaron (16 January 2020). "Pandemic strategy game Plague Inc.'s popularity renewed amid coronavirus threat". Digital Trends. Designtechnica Corp. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  8. ^ Duffy, Clare. "Video game company urges players to avoid Plague Inc. game for information on coronavirus". CNN. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  9. ^ "Plague Inc app review". Eurogamer.net. 4 March 2013.
  10. ^ "Plague Inc. app review". apppicker.com.
  11. ^ "Ed Tech Crew 211 - Interview with James Vaughan creator of Plague Inc". edtechcrew.net. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012.
  12. ^ "Cloning vs. Evolution: Pandemic mutates into Plague Inc. - Hookshot Inc". hookshotinc.com. Archived from the original on 20 August 2016.
  13. ^ Watts, Steve (2 July 2014). "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes Virus Added to Plague Inc". www.ign.com. IGN. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  14. ^ a b Keefer, John (19 May 2016). "Plague Inc. mutates into a board game with successful Kickstarter". Shacknews. Archived from the original on 14 March 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  15. ^ "Plague Inc.: The Board Game". BoardGameGeek. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  16. ^ "Plague Inc: The Board Game". Kickstarter. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  17. ^ Nelson, Jared (29 November 2018). "'Plague Inc.' Developer Releasing Political/Military Simulation 'Rebel Inc.' on December 6th". TouchArcade. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  18. ^ "Rebel Inc". ndemiccreations.com. Ndemic Creations. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  19. ^ Nelson, Jared (11 February 2019). "'Plague Inc.' Follow-Up 'Rebel Inc.' Now Available on Android". TouchArcade. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  20. ^ Frank, Allegra (28 February 2019). "Disease sim Plague Inc. will add anti-vaxxers after player petition". Polygon. Vox Media. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  21. ^ Bijan Stephen (24 March 2020). "The creators of Plague Inc. are adding a new game mode that lets you stop an outbreak". The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  22. ^ "Plague Inc: Evolved hits Steam Early Access tomorrow". Polygon. 19 February 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  23. ^ "CEPI welcomes launch of new Plague Inc. game to show the world how to stop the next pandemic". CEPI. 11 November 2020.
  24. ^ "Plague Inc: The Cure is out now for iOS and Android!". Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  25. ^ "Plague Inc: The Cure - Ndemic Creations". www.ndemiccreations.com. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  26. ^ "Save 25% on Plague Inc: The Cure on Steam". store.steampowered.com. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  27. ^ a b "Plague Inc. for iPhone/iPad Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
  28. ^ a b Davis, Justin (30 May 2012). "Plague Inc. Review". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  29. ^ a b Khaw, Cassandra (5 June 2012). "'Plague Inc' Review – Rid the World of Those Pesky Humans". TouchArcade. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  30. ^ "How to Get Rich Simulating the Deaths of Billions of People". WIRED.
  31. ^ Cowan, Danny (11 June 2012). "Gamasutra - Top iPhone game apps: Plague Inc, Catapult King head up paid charts". gamasutra.com.
  32. ^ "Best Overall Strategy Game". IGN.
  33. ^ a b "Best of 2012 - Apple". iTunes.
  34. ^ "Pocket Gamer Awards 2013". pocketgamer.co.uk. Archived from the original on 17 March 2016.
  35. ^ a b "Connecting to the iTunes Store". search.itunes.apple.com.
  36. ^ a b "Plague Inc's 2014 Report Card - Best Year Yet with 45 Million Infected! - Ndemic Creations". www.ndemiccreations.com. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  37. ^ "These Are the Most Popular iPhone Apps of 2016". Time. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  38. ^ Handrahan, Matthew (1 May 2019). "Plague Inc. has been downloaded by 120m people". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  39. ^ "A vivisection of Plague Inc: The Board Game's sales data and commercial performance". www.gamasutra.com. 29 April 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
  40. ^ "Killer plague game tops charts amid coronavirus". BBC. 23 January 2020. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  41. ^ Clayton, Natalie (25 January 2020). "Plague Inc isn't a "scientific model", devs insist as coronavirus sparks sales". Rock Paper Shotgun. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  42. ^ Duffy, Clare (26 January 2020). "Video game company urges players to avoid Plague Inc. game for information on coronavirus". CNN. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  43. ^ Bald, Cameron (4 February 2020). "Plague Inc. becomes the top paid iOS app for the United States, beating Minecraft, in the wake of the coronavirus outbreak". Pocket Gamer. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  44. ^ Tolito, Stephan (8 April 2020). "When a Gaming Fantasy Is Eerily Close to Reality". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
  45. ^ Kerr, Chris (27 February 2020). "Plague Inc. pulled from Chinese App Store over 'illegal' content". Gamasutra. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  46. ^ "关于《瘟疫公司》从中国 App Store 下架的声明 - Ndemic Creations". www.ndemiccreations.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  47. ^ 新浪游戏 (29 February 2020). "北京游戏监管会议详情：将严查无版号游戏运营推广". games.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  48. ^ "Statement on the Removal of Plague Inc. from the China App Store - Ndemic Creations". www.ndemiccreations.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  49. ^ Hume, Mike. "Plague, Inc. removed from China's App Store". Washington Post. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  50. ^ Cyrer, Hirun (27 February 2020). "Plague Inc. Banned in China For Including "Illegal Content"". USGamer. Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  51. ^ "How Copycats Built the Video Game Industry". IGN. 19 June 2012.
  52. ^ "Plague Inc. Creator Rejects Accusation Of Being Pandemic 2.5 Clone". Modojo.com. Archived from the original on 26 April 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  53. ^ Alexander, Leigh (26 March 2013). "Gamasutra - How Plague, Inc topped the mobile market". gamasutra.com.
  54. ^ Kastrenakes, Jacob (10 March 2013). "'Plague Inc.' game creator to speak at the CDC about public health". The Verge. Vox Media.
  55. ^ a b "Plague Inc". cdc.gov. 16 April 2013.
  56. ^ n/a, n/a (23 January 2020). "Killer plague game tops charts amid coronavirus". BBC News. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
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