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Private housing estates in Hong Kong

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Private housing estates in Hong Kong
Mei Foo Sun Chuen is the earliest and largest private housing estate in Hong Kong
Chinese私人屋苑
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinSīrén wū yuàn
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationSī yàhn ūk yún
JyutpingSi1 jan4 uk1 jyun2

Private housing estate is a term used in Hong Kong for private mass housing – a housing estate developed by a private developer, as opposed to a public housing estate built by the Hong Kong Housing Authority or the Hong Kong Housing Society. It usually is characterised with a cluster of high-rise buildings, with its own market or shopping mall. Mei Foo Sun Chuen, built by Mobil, is the earliest (1965) and largest by number of blocks (99).

Early real estate development in Hong Kong followed the urban street pattern: single blocks are packed along streets and most of them are managed independently, with quality varying from block to block. Private housing estates on the other hand provide integrated management throughout whole estate, attracting more affluent residents.

Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Taikoo Shing, Whampoa Garden and City One Shatin are early notable examples. More projects followed and the idea became widely accepted as the middle class of Hong Kong emerged.

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With the economies of scale of large developments, and the lifting of height restrictions since the opening of the new airport at Chek Lap Kok, there is the tendency of new private tower block developments with 10 to over 100 towers, ranging from 30-to-70-storeys high.

There has also been a trend in joint ventures between the already oligopolistic real-estate developer in Hong Kong. Developers have been increasingly partnering up to bid for development sites.[1] At a land auction on 8 May 2007, the Government warned developers not to collude in bidding.

The wall effect

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There is currently some controversy over the "wall effect" (Chinese: 屏風樓, literally "folding screen building") caused by uniform high-rise developments which adversely impact air circulation, leading to an aggravation of the heat effect while also impact public hygiene and contribute to air pollution.[2] Private developers seeking to maximise revenues have tended to build uniform blocks on seafront sites to give all units unrestricted sea view.

Environmental group Green Sense[3] expressed concern that their survey on 155 housing estates found 104 have a 'wall-like' design. It cited estates in Tai Kok Tsui and Tseung Kwan O as the "best examples".[4]

Head of the Planning Department, Ava Ng, argued that the air ventilation factor has been taken into consideration with regard to the auction of all prime sites on the land application list, and said the erection of tall buildings at these sites will not create any "wall effect."[5]

An air ventilation assessment is required only for sites with a total gross floor area of more than 100,000 square metres, according to technical guidelines in existence since 2006.[5]

In May 2007, citing concern over developments in West Kowloon, and near Tai Wai and Yuen Long railway stations, Wong Kwok-hing of the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions proposed a motion calling for measures to reduce screen-like buildings which maximise good views at the expense of air flow in densely populated areas. The motion was vetoed by functional constituency representatives.[6][7]

Lists of estates

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The following is a partial list of widely known private housing estates in Hong Kong:

Hong Kong Island

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Baguio Villa 碧瑤灣 Pok Fu Lam 1975-1979 21 1,535 New World Development
Bel-Air 貝沙灣 Cyberport 2004 and 2008 32 with 47 individual houses 2,800 Pacific Century Premium Developments 22°15′42″N 114°07′48″E / 22.2617°N 114.1301°E / 22.2617; 114.1301 (Bel-Air Residence)
The Belcher's 寶翠園 Shek Tong Tsui 2001 6 2,136 Shun Tak Holdings Ltd, Sun Hung Kai Properties, New World Development
Beverly Hill 比華利山 Happy Valley 1988 10 698 Henderson Land Development, Hang Lung Properties
City Garden 城市花園 North Point 1980s 14 2,393 Cheung Kong 22°17′11″N 114°11′29″E / 22.28637°N 114.19152°E / 22.28637; 114.19152 (City Garden)
39 Conduit Road 天匯 Mid-Levels 2009 1 66 Henderson Land Development 22°16′54″N 114°08′49″E / 22.2816°N 114.1469°E / 22.2816; 114.1469
Grand Promenade 嘉亨灣 Sai Wan Ho 2006 5 2,020 Henderson Land Development, The Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry Co Ltd. 22°17′06″N 114°13′29″E / 22.2850°N 114.2247°E / 22.2850; 114.2247
Heng Fa Chuen 杏花邨 Chai Wan 1982 48 6,504 MTR Corporation
Kerry Properties
22°16′32″N 114°14′30″E / 22.2756°N 114.2416°E / 22.2756; 114.2416
Highcliff 曉盧 Happy Valley 2003 1 113 Central Development Limited 22°15′54″N 114°11′3″E / 22.26500°N 114.18417°E / 22.26500; 114.18417 (Highcliff)
Hong Kong Parkview 陽明山莊 Tai Tam 1989 18 984 Chyau Fwu
22°15′27″N 114°11′59″E / 22.2575°N 114.1996°E / 22.2575; 114.1996
Island Resort 藍灣半島 Chai Wan 2001 4 3,098 Sino Land
22°15′56″N 114°15′04″E / 22.2655°N 114.2512°E / 22.2655; 114.2512
Kornhill 康怡花園 Quarry Bay 1986 44 8,831 Hang Lung Properties
New World Development
MTR Property
22°16′58″N 114°12′59″E / 22.282778°N 114.216389°E / 22.282778; 114.216389
The Leighton Hill 禮頓山 Happy Valley 2002 8 544 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Les Saisons 逸濤灣 Sai Wan Ho 2001 4 864 Swire Properties, China Motor Bus, Sun Hung Kai Properties
Nam Fung Sun Chuen 南豐新邨 Quarry Bay 1978 12 2,826 Nam Fung Group
22°16′58″N 114°12′48″E / 22.2829°N 114.2134°E / 22.2829; 114.2134
Opus Hong Kong 傲璇 Stubbs Road 2012 1 12 Swire Properties 22°16′09″N 114°10′27″E / 22.2693°N 114.1742°E / 22.2693; 114.1742
Redhill Peninsula 紅山半島 Tai Tam 1990 and 1992 4 490 Sino Land, Chinachem
South Horizons 海怡半島 Ap Lei Chau 1990s 34 9,812 Hutchison Whampoa Property
22°14′36″N 114°08′51″E / 22.2433°N 114.1475°E / 22.2433; 114.1475
Taikoo Shing 太古城 Quarry Bay 1980s 61 12,698 Swire
22°17′11″N 114°13′03″E / 22.2863°N 114.2176°E / 22.2863; 114.2176

Kowloon

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Amoy Gardens 淘大花園 Ngau Tau Kok 1987 19 4,896 Hang Lung Properties
22°19′28″N 114°12′59″E / 22.3244°N 114.2165°E / 22.3244; 114.2165
The Arch 凱旋門 Union Square 2006 4 1,054 Sun Hung Kai Properties 22°18′13″N 114°9′47″E / 22.30361°N 114.16306°E / 22.30361; 114.16306
The Cullinan 天璽 Union Square 2008 2 825 Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°18′19.4″N 114°09′38.8″E / 22.305389°N 114.160778°E / 22.305389; 114.160778
Grand Waterfront 翔龍灣 Ma Tau Kok 2006 5 1782 Henderson Land Development, Hong Kong and China Towngas
The Harbourfront Landmark 海名軒 Hung Hom 2001 3 324 Cheung Kong Holdings 22°18′12″N 114°11′35″E / 22.30333°N 114.19306°E / 22.30333; 114.19306
The Harbourside 君臨天下 Union Square 2004 3 1,122 Hang Lung Properties, MTR Corporation
22°18′11.0″N 114°9′42.0″E / 22.303056°N 114.161667°E / 22.303056; 114.161667
Island Harbourview 維港灣 Tai Kok Tsui 2000 9 2,314 MTR Corporation
Sino Land
Bank of China (Hong Kong)
Kerry Properties
China Overseas Land and Investment
Laguna City 麗港城 Lam Tin 1991 38 8,072 Cheung Kong
Hutchison Whampoa Property
22°17′06″N 114°09′32″E / 22.2850°N 114.1588°E / 22.2850; 114.1588
The Long Beach 浪澄灣 Tai Kok Tsui 2006 8 1,829 Hang Lung Properties
Manhattan Hill 曼克頓山 Lai Chi Kok 2007 5 1,115 Sun Hung Kai Properties
The Masterpiece 名鑄 Tsim Sha Tsui 2007 1 345 New World Development, Urban Renewal Authority 22°17′51″N 114°10′26″E / 22.29750°N 114.17389°E / 22.29750; 114.17389
Mei Foo Sun Chuen 美孚新邨 Lai Chi Kok 1965 99 13,500 Mobil
22°20′17″N 114°08′20″E / 22.3380°N 114.1390°E / 22.3380; 114.1390
Parc Oasis 又一居 Yau Yat Chuen 1995 32 1,822 Wheelock & Co.
Sino Group
22°20′02″N 114°10′26″E / 22.3339°N 114.1740°E / 22.3339; 114.1740
Royal Peninsula 半島豪庭 Hung Hom 2001 5 1,669 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Henderson Land
22°18′17″N 114°11′02″E / 22.30472°N 114.18389°E / 22.30472; 114.18389
Sceneway Garden 匯景花園 Lam Tin 1992 17 4,112 Cheung Kong
Hutchison Whampoa Property
22°18′25″N 114°13′58″E / 22.3069°N 114.2327°E / 22.3069; 114.2327
Telford Gardens 德福花園 Ngau Tau Kok 1980 41 4,992 Mass Transit Railway Corporation
Hang Lung Properties
Hopewell Holdings
22°19′29″N 114°12′44″E / 22.3247°N 114.2122°E / 22.3247; 114.2122
Victoria Towers 港景峰 Tsim Sha Tsui 2003 3 988 Cheung Kong
Hutchison Whampoa Property
Whampoa Garden 黃埔花園 Hung Hom 1980s 88 10,431 Whampoa Dockyards
Hutchison Whampoa Property
22°18′15″N 114°11′32″E / 22.3041°N 114.1922°E / 22.3041; 114.1922

Kwai Tsing District

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Greenfield Garden 翠怡花園 Tsing Yi 1990 11 3,216 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Mayfair Gardens 美景花園 Tsing Yi 1984 8 1,912 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Tierra Verde 盈翠半島 Tsing Yi 1999 12 3,459 MTR Corporation
Rambler Crest 藍澄灣 Tsing Yi 2003 5 1,587 Cheung Kong
Tsing Yi Garden 青怡花園 Tsing Yi 1986 7 1,520 Cheung Kong
Villa Esplanada 灝景灣 Tsing Yi 2000 10 2,824 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Cheung Kong
China Resources
Wonderland Villas 華景山莊 Kwai Chung 1984 and 1987 22 1,502 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Henderson Land Development
22°18′25″N 114°13′59″E / 22.307°N 114.233°E / 22.307; 114.233

Sai Kung District

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
The Grandiose 君傲灣 Tseung Kwan O 2006 3 1,472 New World Development
Oscar by the Sea 清水灣半島 Pak Shing Kok 2002 7 1,959 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Ocean Shores 維景灣畔 Tiu Keng Leng 2001–2003 17 5,728 Swire Properties
Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°18′09″N 114°15′12″E / 22.3024°N 114.2532°E / 22.3024; 114.2532
Tseung Kwan O Plaza 將軍澳廣場 Tseung Kwan O 2004 8 2,880 Nan Fung Group
22°18′32″N 114°15′44″E / 22.3089°N 114.2621°E / 22.3089; 114.2621
LOHAS Park 日出康城 Tseung Kwan O 2008–ongoing 50 21,500 MTR Corporation
and others
22°17′42″N 114°16′16″E / 22.295°N 114.271°E / 22.295; 114.271

Sha Tin District

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Belair Gardens 富豪花園 Sha Tin 1982 and 1987 14 1,940 Chinachem Group
22°23′05″N 114°11′55″E / 22.384722°N 114.198694°E / 22.384722; 114.198694
Castello 帝堡城 Sha Tin 1999 8 1,744 Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°23′01″N 114°12′55″E / 22.3837°N 114.2153°E / 22.3837; 114.2153
City One 沙田第一城 Sha Tin 1981–1988 52 10,642 New World Development
Henderson Land Development
Sun Hung Kai Properties
Cheung Kong Holdings
22°23′11″N 114°12′14″E / 22.386389°N 114.203889°E / 22.386389; 114.203889
Festival City 名城 Tai Wai 2010–2012 12 4,304 Cheung Kong Holdings
MTR Corporation
22°22′09″N 114°10′27″E / 22.3692°N 114.1743°E / 22.3692; 114.1743
Garden Vista 翠湖花園 Shek Mun 1990 6 840
22°23′36″N 114°12′24″E / 22.39329°N 114.20679°E / 22.39329; 114.20679 (Garden Vista)
Glamour Garden 金輝花園 Tai Wai
Golden Lion Gardens 金獅花園 Tai Wai
Grandeur Garden 金禧花園 Tai Wai
Greenview Garden 愉景花園 Tai Wai
Julimount Garden 瑞峰花園 Tai Wai
Lakeview Gardens 湖景花園 Tai Wai
Man Lai Court 文禮閣 Tai Wai 1990–1993 4 Cheung Kong Holdings
Parc Royale 聚龍居 Tai Wai
Peak One 壹號雲頂 Tai Wai
Pristine Villa 曉翠山莊 Tai Wai 1995 14 498 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Sha Tin Heights 沙田嶺 Tai Wai
The Great Hill 嘉御山 Tai Wai
Worldwide Gardens 世界花園 Tai Wai
Royal Ascot 駿景園 Fo Tan 1995–1997 10 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation
22°23′57″N 114°12′04″E / 22.3991°N 114.2010°E / 22.3991; 114.2010
Double Cove 迎海 Ma On Shan 2013–2015 21 3,500
Lake Silver 銀湖·天峰 Ma On Shan 2009 7 2,169
Sunshine City 新港城 Ma On Shan 1990s 20 4,761 Henderson Land Development
22°25′28″N 114°13′56″E / 22.4244°N 114.2321°E / 22.4244; 114.2321
Villa Athena 雅典居 Ma On Shan 1994 10 1,064

Tsuen Wan District

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Allway Gardens 荃威花園 Tsuen Wan 1978 and 1981 16 3,423 Hopewell Holdings
22°22′44″N 114°06′28″E / 22.3788°N 114.1078°E / 22.3788; 114.1078
Bayview Garden 灣景花園 Tsuen Wan 1993 5 1,200 Hang Lung Properties
22°22′11″N 114°05′58″E / 22.369702°N 114.099369°E / 22.369702; 114.099369
Belvedere Garden 麗城花園 Tsuen Wan West 1987–1991 19 6,016 Cheung Kong Holdings
22°22′19″N 114°06′07″E / 22.3719°N 114.1020°E / 22.3719; 114.1020
City Point 環宇海灣 Tsuen Wan 2014 7 1,717 Cheung Kong
Nan Fung
MTR Corporation
Discovery Park 愉景新城 Tsuen Wan 1998 12 3,360 Hong Kong Resort Company
The Dynasty 御凱 Tsuen Wan 2009 2 256 Sino Land
Urban Renewal Authority
22°22′05″N 114°06′51″E / 22.36793°N 114.11411°E / 22.36793; 114.11411
Luk Yeung Sun Chuen 綠楊新邨 Tsuen Wan 1984 17 4,056 Mass Transit Railway Corporation and others
22°22′25″N 114°07′12″E / 22.3736°N 114.1199°E / 22.3736; 114.1199
Riviera Gardens 海濱花園 Tsuen Wan 1990 20 5,692 Caltex
New World Development
Serenade Cove 韻濤居 Tsuen Wan West 2001 3 792 The Wharf (Holdings)
22°22′21″N 114°06′11″E / 22.3725°N 114.1031°E / 22.3725; 114.1031
Tsuen King Garden 荃景花園 Tsuen Wan 1988 12 3,024
Tsuen Wan Centre 荃灣中心 Tsuen Wan 1989 20 5,692
Vision City 萬景峯 Tsuen Wan West 2007 5 1,446 Urban Renewal Authority
Waterside Plaza 海灣花園 Tsuen Wan 1991 4 822

Sham Tseng

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Bellagio 碧堤半島 Sham Tseng Wheelock & Co.
New Asia Realty
Wharf Holdings
22°22′01″N 114°03′41″E / 22.36698°N 114.06129°E / 22.36698; 114.06129
Lido Garden 麗都花園 Sham Tseng
Ocean Pointe 縉皇居 Sham Tseng 2001 1 560 Kerry Properties 22°21′57″N 114°03′45″E / 22.3657°N 114.0624°E / 22.3657; 114.0624
Rhine Garden 海韻花園 Sham Tseng
Rhine Terrace 海韻臺 Sham Tseng 1992 1 212 Cheung Kong Holdings
Sea Crest Villa 浪翠園 Sham Tseng
Tsing Lung Tau
1992–1997 15 2,409 Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°21′59″N 114°03′22″E / 22.3663°N 114.0560°E / 22.3663; 114.0560

Tuen Mun District

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Miami Beach Towers 邁亞美海灣 Tuen Mun 1991 6 1,272 Sino Group 22°22′19″N 113°58′10″E / 22.3719°N 113.9695°E / 22.3719; 113.9695
Pierhead Garden 海翠花園 Tuen Mun 1988 6 1,432 Kowloon–Canton Railway Corporation
22°22′21″N 113°58′00″E / 22.3725°N 113.9666°E / 22.3725; 113.9666
Sun Tuen Mun Centre 新屯門中心 Tuen Mun 1990 10 3,500 Kowloon–Canton Railway Corporation
22°22′52″N 113°57′54″E / 22.3812°N 113.9650°E / 22.3812; 113.9650
Tai Hing Gardens 大興花園 Tuen Mun 1994 15 3,647 Hang Lung Properties
22°23′59″N 113°58′17″E / 22.3996°N 113.9715°E / 22.3996; 113.9715
Tuen Mun Town Plaza 屯門市廣場 Tuen Mun 1992 8 1,968 Sino Group
22°23′34″N 113°58′36″E / 22.3929°N 113.9767°E / 22.3929; 113.9767

So Kwun Wat

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Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Aegean Coast 愛琴海岸 So Kwun Wat 2002 7 1,624 Sun Hung Kai Properties
The Luk Hoi Tong Company
Henderson Land Development
22°22′21″N 113°59′42″E / 22.3724°N 113.9950°E / 22.3724; 113.9950
Avignon 星堤 So Kwun Wat 2011 40 459 Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°22′33″N 114°00′01″E / 22.3757°N 114.0003°E / 22.3757; 114.0003
Emerald Bay 恆大‧珺瓏灣 So Kwun Wat 2021 8 1,982 China Evergrande
22°22′23″N 113°59′59″E / 22.3731°N 113.9997°E / 22.3731; 113.9997
Hong Kong Gold Coast 香港黃金海岸 So Kwun Wat 1990–1993 20 2,052 Sino Group
22°22′02″N 113°59′40″E / 22.3673°N 113.9944°E / 22.3673; 113.9944
Le Pont 上源 So Kwun Wat 2020 40 1,154 Vanke Property
22°22′22″N 114°00′04″E / 22.3727°N 114.0012°E / 22.3727; 114.0012
OMA OMA So Kwun Wat 2021 4 466 Wing Tai Properties
22°22′19″N 114°00′03″E / 22.3720°N 114.0008°E / 22.3720; 114.0008
NAPA 洋房 So Kwun Wat 2017 67 460 Wheelock & Co.
22°22′24″N 114°00′09″E / 22.3732°N 114.0025°E / 22.3732; 114.0025
Seacoast Royale 帝御‧金灣 So Kwun Wat 2022 2 611 Henderson Land Development
22°22′27″N 113°59′28″E / 22.3743°N 113.9910°E / 22.3743; 113.9910
Spring Seaview Terrace 春和海景花園 So Kwun Wat 1990 3 82 22°22′24″N 113°59′13″E / 22.3733°N 113.9869°E / 22.3733; 113.9869
The Bloomsway 滿名山 So Kwun Wat 2017 63 1,101 Kerry Properties
22°22′38″N 113°59′10″E / 22.3772°N 113.9861°E / 22.3772; 113.9861

Yuen Long District

[edit]
Name Chinese name Area Completed No. blocks No. units Developer Photo Coordinates
Central Park Towers 栢慧豪園 Tin Shui Wai 2010 8 2,960 Cheung Kong Holdings
22°27′33″N 114°00′04″E / 22.4593°N 114.0011°E / 22.4593; 114.0011
Kingswood Villas 嘉湖山莊 Tin Shui Wai 1991– 58 15,808 Cheung Kong Holdings
22°27′36″N 114°00′18″E / 22.4600°N 114.0049°E / 22.4600; 114.0049
Vianni Cove 慧景軒 Tin Shui Wai 2004 3 1,091 Cheung Kong Holdings
Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°27′58″N 114°00′15″E / 22.4661°N 114.0041°E / 22.4661; 114.0041
Sun Yuen Long Centre 新元朗中心 Yuen Long 1993 5 Sun Hung Kai Properties
Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation
22°26′44″N 114°02′06″E / 22.4455°N 114.0351°E / 22.4455; 114.0351
YOHO Town 新時代廣場 Yuen Long 2004
2010
16 4,091 Sun Hung Kai Properties
22°26′32″N 114°02′12″E / 22.4422°N 114.0368°E / 22.4422; 114.0368

See also

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References

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  1. ^ RaymondWang & DannyChung Low-end $4b win Archived 9 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine, The Standard, 8 May 2007
  2. ^ "The Vertical City, Part I: How Hong Kong Grew up so high". 6 October 2016.
  3. ^ "環保觸覺".
  4. ^ Yung, Chester (21 December 2006). "'Asia's walled city' leaves – residents longing for air". The Standard. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 21 March 2007.
  5. ^ a b Carol Chung, `Wall effect' argument rejected Archived 22 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, The Standard, 17 April 2007
  6. ^ Michael Ng Screen-effect motion vetoed Archived 22 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, The Standard, 10 May 2007
  7. ^ Olga Wong, "Call for law against 'wall effect' fails", South China Morning Post, 10 May 2007