RITM-200
| RITM-200 | |
|---|---|
| Generation | Generation III+ reactor |
| Reactor concept | Pressurized water reactor |
| Reactor types | RITM-200 RITM-400 project |
| Status | operational |
| Main parameters of the reactor core | |
| Fuel (fissile material) | 235U (LEU) |
| Fuel state | Solid |
| Neutron energy spectrum | Thermal |
| Primary control method | Control rods |
| Primary moderator | Water |
| Primary coolant | Liquid (light water) |
| Reactor usage | |
| Primary use | Generation of electricity and propulsion |
| Power (thermal) | RITM-200: 175 MWth RITM-400: 315 MWth |
| Power (electric) | RITM-200: 55 MWe RITM-400: 120 MWe |
The RITM-200 is an integrated Generation III+ pressurized water reactor developed by OKBM Afrikantov and designed to produce 55 MWe. The design is an improvement of KLT-40 reactor. It uses up to 20% enriched uranium-235 and can be refueled every 10 years for a 60 year planned lifespan in floating power plant installation.[1] If installed in a stationary power plant the fuel cycle is 6 years.
The RITM-200 has a compact integrated layout placing equipment within the steam generator casing, halving system weight compared to earlier designs and improving ability to operate in rolling and pitching seas.[2]
It powers the Project 22220 icebreakers, the first of which went critical in October 2019.[3] Since 2012, ten RITM‑200 reactors have been manufactured for five Russian Project 22220 multi-purpose nuclear icebreakers. Six reactors are installed on the Arktika, Sibir and Ural icebreakers, which are already in operation. Construction of the other two, Yakutia and Chukotka, is nearing completion.[4]
In November 2020 Rosatom announced plans to place a land-based RITM-200N[5] SMR in isolated Ust-Kuyga town in Yakutia.[6] The reactor will replace current coal and oil based electricity and heat generation at half the price.[7] In April 2023, a license was given for a pilot RITM-200N plant to be built near the village of Ust-Kuiga, with commissioning planned for 2028.[8]
RITM‑200M reactors will also be installed on the floating power units to supply power to the Baimsky GOK mining site in Chukotka.[4] They are planned to be put in operation in 2029.[9]
The volume of investments in the project was estimated at RUB900bn ($10bn). However, Georgy Fotin, Director General of Baimskaya Management Company, said in April, that the assessment had been revised upwards and some RUB170bn had already been invested.
The Baim project will be supplied with electricity using the new FNPPs of the PEB-106 project, designed for operation in the Far North and Far East. They will use the new RITM-200S reactors, which will supply 106 MWe to consumers. Their service life is 40 years and the interval between refuelling is five years. The units will be held in place by rigid mooring devices, which make it possible to compensate for the movement of the power units from the ebb and flow. The power generated by the power unit is transmitted to the shore using 50 high-voltage cables. Three main floating power units and one reserve unit will be installed, which will be used during the repair of the main units.[10]
In June 2024 Rosatom signed a contract to build a Russian-designed small modular reactor nuclear power plant (SNPP) in Uzbekistan. The project provides for the construction of a 330 MW nuclear power plant in the Jizzakh Region of Uzbekistan. The plant will operate six 55 MW small modular reactors.[4]
RITM-400
[edit]November 2023 — Nornickel and the State Atomic Energy Corporation Rosatom will consider the possibility of setting up low-capacity nuclear power plants to supply energy to the Norilsk Industrial District. A high-tech project of a low-capacity nuclear power plant based on the latest RITM-400 reactor unit may be considered as a priority.
RITM-400 is a project of a pressurised water reactor with a planned capacity of 80 to 90 MW. The reactor is being developed by OKBM Afrikantov, a nuclear engineering company that is part of Rosatom[11]
References
[edit]- ^ "Small nuclear reactors for power and icebreaking". www.world-nuclear-news.org.
- ^ "Ural icebreaker passes construction milestone". World Nuclear News. 1 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
- ^ "SMR in the Making". rosatomnewsletter.com. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
- ^ a b c "First SMRs for Export". rosatomnewsletter.com. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
- ^ "Rosatom begins development of nuclear fuel for upgraded FNPPs - Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 2021-12-31.
- ^ "Rosatom plans first land-based SMR for Russian Far East : New Nuclear - World Nuclear News". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
- ^ "Rosatom to begin work on land-based SMR - Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. 3 February 2016. Retrieved 2021-01-06.
- ^ "The RITM-200N reactor as a terrestrial unit". Nuclear Engineering International. 26 June 2024. Retrieved 25 July 2024.
- ^ "Atoms Grow in Appeal". rosatomnewsletter.com. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
- ^ Tracey (2024-06-24). "Commissioning of first floating nuclear plant for Baimsky project set for 2028". Nuclear Engineering International. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
- ^ "Nornickel and Rosatom to look into nuclear power potential in Norilsk - News and releases". Nornickel. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
External links
[edit]- "RITM-200M The reactor plant for optimized floating power unit" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2020-10-05. - on OKBM Afrikantov official pdf (in English)
- Production of the reactor plant for the newest nuclear-powered icebreaker - on AEM Official YouTube Channel (in English)
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