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Chamber Pot

A chamber pot is a receptacle in which one would excrete waste in a ceramic or metal pot. Among Romans and Greeks, chamber pots were brought to meals and drinking sessions. Johan J. Mattelaer said, “Plinius has described how there were large receptacles in the streets of cities such as Rome and Pompeii into which chamber pots of urine were emptied. The urine was then collected by fullers.” This method was used for hundreds of years; shapes, sizes, and decorative variations changed throughout the centuries. This method is no longer used in developed countries.

Garderobe

Garderobes were toilets used in the Middle Ages most commonly found in upper-class dwellings. Essentially, they were pieces of wood or stone connecting from one wall to the other with one or more holes to sit on. These would go into pipes that would lead outside the castle or manor. Garderobes would be placed in areas away from bedrooms to shun the smell and also near kitchens or fireplaces to keep the area warm.

Garderobe. Photographer: Marisa Barth, taken at Château de Chillon in Switzerland

Garderobe. Photographer: Marisa Barth, taken at Château de Chillon in Switzerland

Urinal

Although it is possible for the urinal to be used by females, it was originally constructed for males. It was designed primarily for the disposal of urine and not solid objects. It is meant to be used in a standing position for the convenience of male users and also has no door, stall, and takes less space. These receptacles are most commonly found in public places but can occasionally be found in a private home.

Squat Toilet

The squat toilet (also called “squatter” or “squatty-potty”) consists of a hole in the ground; however, it does flush like a modern toilet, not to be compared to a contemporary portable toilet with no plumbing. To use this toilet, one is in a squatting position rather than sitting. The squatting method is accompanied by advantages as well health benefits that connect to easiness of procedures such as child birth. The squat toilet is most commonly found in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East but can also occasionally be found in some European, Mediterranean, and South American countries.

Squat toilet. Photographer: Lexi Richards. Taken in the city of Wuhan, China

Flushing Toilet

Sewer systems have been in invention since the Roman Chamber Pot and have increasingly hygienically improved to contemporary toilet usage. The contemporary toilet was founded in Western culture. For the usefulness of both genders, the modern toilet has an adjustable seat, convenient for males to stand and convenient for females to stand. When toilet is flushed, the water leads into sewage and eventually ends in a water treatment plant. Here the water is cleaned and removed of unhealthy parts and re-used.

Self Cleaning Toilet

The Self-Cleaning Toilet is a fairly new invention found in star-rated bathrooms around the world. One example of this is the Sanisafe System®. The steps of this system are as follows:

The toilet automatically flushes

Sani-Cs10 is released to sanitize the seat

The seat begins to rotate for 20 seconds

Rotation continues until the seat is dry

Sani-CS10 is dispersed as a mist to disinfect the bowl

Sani-CS10 germicide remains in the bowl