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Financial toxicity or financial distress is a concept within healthcare, where high cost of treatment, often at the end of life, causes negative effects and outcomes beyond those of the disease.^{[citation needed]} Such "toxic" effects may impact family, friends and the surrounding community as well as the patient.^{[citation needed]} The concept has primarily been used for cancer patients in the United States, but it extends to other disease.^{[citation needed]} Critics connect the phenomenon to recent rises phenomena such as crowdfunded treatment, and a large increase in treatment costs combined with a lower coverage by insurance companies since the 2007-'08 financial crisis.^{[citation needed]}

Causes may be profiteering, ... fraud such as promoting alternative medicine or quackery .^{[citation needed]} .. Many countries prohibit alternative medicine from being marketed to cancer patients, with many private oncology clinics being accused of straddling the border of legality.^{[citation needed]} Provisions in end of life care or extreme cases allowing for experimental treatment have been implicated as a cause.^{[citation needed]} False hope^[1]^[2]

Effects are decreased treatment compliance ... decreased treatment efficacy, lowered quality of life ... ^[3]^{[medical citation needed]}

The term was coined by doctors Amy Abernethy and Yousuf Zafar in 2013.^[4]^[5]^[6] This was done in response to a percieved need to discuss and plan for financial effects of treatment, as well as to wish to place such effects in the framework of side effects of treatment.^[7]

Cancer

Other diseases

SLE etc

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=(%22financial+toxicity%22+OR+%22financial+distress%22)+NOT+%22cancer%22

References

^ "Financial Toxicity (Financial Distress) and Cancer Treatment". National Cancer Institute. Retrieved 2018-04-17.
^ de Souza, Jonas A.; Yap, Bonnie J.; Hlubocky, Fay J.; Wroblewski, Kristen; Ratain, Mark J.; Cella, David; Daugherty, Christopher K. (2014-10-15). "The development of a financial toxicity patient-reported outcome in cancer: The COST measure". Cancer. 120 (20): 3245–3253. doi:10.1002/cncr.28814. ISSN 1097-0142. PMID 24954526. S2CID 6104037.
^ Huntington, Scott F; Weiss, Brendan M; Vogl, Dan T; Cohen, Adam D; Garfall, Alfred L; Mangan, Patricia A; Doshi, Jalpa A; Stadtmauer, Edward A (2015-10-01). "Financial toxicity in insured patients with multiple myeloma: a cross-sectional pilot study". The Lancet Haematology. 2 (10): e408–e416. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(15)00151-9. ISSN 2352-3026. PMID 26686042.
^ Zafar, S. Yousuf; Abernethy, Amy (February 15, 2013). "Financial Toxicity, Part I: A New Name for a Growing Problem". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.). 27 (2): 80–1, 149. PMC 4523887. PMID 23530397. Archived from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
^ Zafar, S. Yousuf; Abernethy, Amy (April 15, 2013). "Financial Toxicity, Part II: How Can We Help With the Burden of Treatment-Related Costs?". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.). 27 (4): 253–4, 256. PMID 23781687. Archived from the original on April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
^ "Medscape Log In". www.medscape.com. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
^ Ubel, Peter A.; Abernethy, Amy P.; Zafar, S. Yousuf (2013-10-17). "Full Disclosure — Out-of-Pocket Costs as Side Effects". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (16): 1484–1486. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1306826. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 24131175.

External links

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=%22financial+toxicity%22+OR+%22financial+distress%22

[1] "Financial Toxicity (Financial Distress) and Cancer Treatment". National Cancer Institute. Retrieved 2018-04-17.

[2] Souza, Jonas A.; Yap, Bonnie J.; Hlubocky, Fay J.; Wroblewski, Kristen; Ratain, Mark J.; Cella, David; Daugherty, Christopher K. (2014-10-15). "The development of a financial toxicity patient-reported outcome in cancer: The COST measure". Cancer. 120 (20): 3245–3253. doi:10.1002/cncr.28814. ISSN 1097-0142. PMID 24954526. S2CID 6104037.

[3] Huntington, Scott F; Weiss, Brendan M; Vogl, Dan T; Cohen, Adam D; Garfall, Alfred L; Mangan, Patricia A; Doshi, Jalpa A; Stadtmauer, Edward A (2015-10-01). "Financial toxicity in insured patients with multiple myeloma: a cross-sectional pilot study". The Lancet Haematology. 2 (10): e408–e416. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(15)00151-9. ISSN 2352-3026. PMID 26686042.

[4] Zafar, S. Yousuf; Abernethy, Amy (February 15, 2013). "Financial Toxicity, Part I: A New Name for a Growing Problem". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.). 27 (2): 80–1, 149. PMC 4523887. PMID 23530397. Archived from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2018.

[5] Zafar, S. Yousuf; Abernethy, Amy (April 15, 2013). "Financial Toxicity, Part II: How Can We Help With the Burden of Treatment-Related Costs?". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.). 27 (4): 253–4, 256. PMID 23781687. Archived from the original on April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2018.

[6] "Medscape Log In". www.medscape.com. Retrieved 2018-04-18.

[7] Ubel, Peter A.; Abernethy, Amy P.; Zafar, S. Yousuf (2013-10-17). "Full Disclosure — Out-of-Pocket Costs as Side Effects". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (16): 1484–1486. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1306826. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 24131175.

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