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Ida B. Wells

Citations needed

• Her paternal grandmother, Peggy Wells (née Peggy Cheers; 1814–1887), along with other friends and relatives, stayed with her siblings and cared for them during the week while Wells was teaching.

• But when Peggy Wells died from a stroke and her sister Eugenia died, Wells accepted the invitation of her aunt Fanny and moved with her two youngest sisters to Memphis in 1883.

• A White mob ransacked the Free Speech office, destroying the building and its contents. James L. Fleming, co-owner with Wells and business manager, was forced to flee Memphis; and, reportedly, the trains were being watched for Wells' return. Creditors took possession of the office and sold the assets of Free Speech. Wells had been out of town, vacationing in New York; but never returned to Memphis. A "committee" of white businessmen, reportedly from the Cotton Exchange, located Rev. Nightingale – who, despite having sold his interest to Wells and Fleming in 1891 – assaulted him and forced him at gun point to sign a letter retracting the May 21 editorial.

• Wells subsequently accepted a job with New York Age and continued her anti-lynching campaign from New York. For the next three years, she resided as a guest in Harlem at the home of Timothy Thomas Fortune (1856–1928) and wife, Carrie Fortune (née Caroline Charlotte Smiley; 1860–1940).

• She was a spokeswomen (spelling) and an advocate for women being successful in the workplace, having  equal opportunities, and creating a name for themselves

• Generally southern states and white juries refused to indict any perpetrators for lynching, although they were frequently known and sometimes shown in the photographs being made more frequently of such events.

• That year she started work with The Chicago Conservator, the oldest African-American newspaper in the city.

Bibliography

References

• Wells, Ida B. (1892). Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases. New York: New York Age Print – via Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, New York Public Library.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)

• Schechter, Patricia Ann, PhD (2001). Ida B. Wells-Barnett and American Reform, 1880–1930. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-2633-2. LCCN 00-068313. Retrieved October 9, 2020 – via Internet Archive. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-url=, |nopp=, |lay-format=, and |lay-source= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

• Bonfiglio, Jeremy Dean (February 19, 2012). "Great Grandson of Influential Civil Rights Pioneer Ida B. Wells Keeps Her Legacy Alive". The Herald-Palladium. Vol. 127, no. 50. St. Joseph, Michigan. pp. 1–2 (section C). OCLC 669922511. Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com Note: Daniel B. Duster (born 1968), in the article, is a great-grandson of Ida B. Wells-Barnett by way of his paternal grandmother, Alfreda Duster; he is a nephew of academician Troy Duster, PhD. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-source=, |lay-url=, and |registration= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)

• Glangon, Angela Dahleen (born 1955) (November 15, 1991). "Ida B. Wells Still an Inspiration". Chicago Tribune. Vol. 145, no. 319. p. 1 (section 2). Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

• Mitchell, Judylynn (November 11, 1979). "Daughter of Slave Fights for Racial Justice". The Daily Times. Vol. 56, no. 343. Salisbury, Maryland. p. D13. Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

• "A Bright Woman". St. Joseph News-Press. Vol. 17, no. 9. June 11, 1895. p. 1 (section 2). Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.

RHETORIC AND REVISION

• Sheriff, Stacey Ellen (December 2009). Rhetoric and Revision: Women’s Arguments for Social Justice in the Progressive Era (PhD, Department of English). Pennsylvania State University. OCLC 783231213. Retrieved October 26, 2020.