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Funding

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  • Collegiate Network
  • Institute for Educational Affairs, founded 1978 by former Treasury Secretary, William E. Simon
  • Byrne, Trapper (April 11, 1983). "Bid to Reach Out to Campus Conservatives". Berkeley Gazette, The. Vol. 106, no. 204. Berkeley, California. pp. 1–2. Retrieved April 19, 2021 – via Newspapers.com. LCCN sn93050936 (publication), OCLC 27723847 (all editions) (publication).

Conservative groups at Dartmouth in 1983

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  • Dartmouth Conservative Union
  • Young America's Foundation
  • The Dartmouth Committee for Intellectual Alternatives, founded around 1971 with the help of Jeffrey Hart
  • The Dartmouth Review
link

CN member publications

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Dartmouth Review v. Dartmouth College

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The Review had the support of Morton Halperin of the ACLU and many prominent conservatives, including Sens. Gordon Humphrey (R-NH) and Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa), former Treasury Secretary William E. Simon and outgoing Rep. Jack Kemp (R-NY).[1]

Conservative student newspapers

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  • California Review, founded 1988, University of California at San Diego (non-affiliated)
  • Princeton Sentinel, founded by Robert K. Kelner, who, among other things, was known as Flynn's ex-lawyer who testified at one of Flynn's hearings in 2019.

Attacks by the Dartmouth Review

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Part One
Beginning in 1983, The Dartmouth Review – an arch-conservative publication[2] not affiliated with Dartmouth College but operated by students – ran a series of antagonistic articles that harshly ridiculed Cole, personally and professionally. Laura Ingraham, then a student, authored the first one in January 1983.[3][4][5][3] Dinesh D'Souza, then a student, was the paper's chairman; Edmond William Cattan, Jr., was editor-in-chief.[6] After two local newspapers cited the Review and declared Cole "incompetent", Cole sued the Review for slander.[4] Also, Cole, in April 1983, filed a libel suit in Burlington's U.S. District Court for $600,000 against the publisher (Hanover Review, Inc.), D'Souza, Cattan, and Ingraham – but later dropped that suit.[7][5] The slander case was settled out of court after two years without the Review admitting guilt or providing any monetary compensation, but both the Review's and Cole's reputations were damaged.[8]

New: April 19, 2021

  • Esi Eggleston Bracey ('91), a black student who witnessed the confrontation told PBS Frontline, "That moment let me know that there are people in the world who hate you just because of your color. Not dislike you, or choose not to be friends with you, but hate you".[9]

Ingraham was a sophomore when she wrote the article.link

Michael Collette was editor-in-chief in April 1984, when the Review was awaiting a decision from the U.S. District Court in Vermont.[10] The Review had written that Cole told his class, "Read little, think deeply – and much."

As for Cole's teaching style ... a generation earlier, Percy Grainger, an eccentric albeit beloved Australian-American composer, was, according to ?????:

"The most enthusiastic interpreter of primitive life could hardly do greater justice than Grainger to the superior possibility of individual participation in art among primitive communities than in our own. He says:"
"With regard to Music, our Western civilization produces, broadly speaking, two main types of educated men. On the one hand, the professional musician or leisured amateur-enthusiast who spend the bulk of his waking hours making music, and on the other hand, all those many millions of men and women whose lives are far too overworked and arduous, or too completely immersed in the ambitions and labyrinths of our material civilization, to be able to devote any reasonable proportion of their time to music or artistic expression of any kind at all."



Part Two
In 1988, four students who were Review journalists – John William Quilhot (with a camera), John Henby Sutter (with a tape recorder), Christopher Baldwin (with a printout of the Review's editorial policy statement), and Sean Nolan – all white, showed up to Cole's classroom, after class, to give Cole a copy of the editorial policy and demand an apology for his remarks during the second of two phone calls made in an attempt to give him an opportunity to reply to the article, "Dartmouth's Dynamic Duo of Mediocrity", of February 24, 1988. The confrontation grew into an altercation, for about five minutes, during which Quilhot was taking photos. Cole grabbed Quilhot's arm, which, among other things, resulted in damaging the camera flash.[11] Dartmouth College charged all four with harassment and disorderly conduct, and suspended the first three – Quilhot until fall 1988 (two quarters), Sutter until fall 1989 (four quarters), and Baldwin until fall 1989 (four quarters). Nolan was placed on disciplinary probation for four quarters.[11] A lawsuit, in Federal Court, against the college, filed in 1989 by the Review, ensued. On January 3, 1989, the Grafton County Superior Court, in state court parallel litigation, revoked the suspensions of Sutter and Baldwin. The Federal Court later dismissed the suit against Dartmouth College.[12]

When 60 Minutes aired a segment about the lawsuit November 13, 1988, Morley Safer, the host, left out the Review's political connections.[13] Quilhot was invited by then Senator Dan Quayle to spend his summer suspension as an unpaid volunteer in his Washington office.[14]

Prologue
The Review, founded in 1980, had been part of a movement to agitate Dartmouth's academic programs in non-Eurocentric disciplines, including Women's Studies, African-American Studies, ethnomusicology, and the like (see Eurocentrism). In doing so, the Review had published provocative criticism of its interpretation of political correctness on subjects ranging from Apartheid in South Africa to sexual orientation to race. William F. Buckley, Jr., and his publication, the National Review, supported the Review with (i) funding and (ii), from 1982 to 1998, more than two dozen editorials by authors that included Ingraham, Jeffrey Hart (Dartmouth faculty member whose son, Benjamin, had been an editor for the Review), and David Boaz.

Main article: The Dartmouth Review § Controversies

Epilogue
In August 1990 – after sixteen years at Dartmouth with tenure, under duress of seven years of repeated attacks by the Review – Cole resigned.[5][15] "I was totally blackballed."[4] A year later, as a guest lecturer in Bill Dixon's class at Bennington College, Cole reflected on the cost of success in a White world: "I was taught all my life that if you get an education, things will open up. But what I learned is if you want to help your own people, it won't open up." "You have to sell yourself out enough so when you look in the mirror in the morning, you don't know who that is".[16][15]

See

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Bibliography

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Annotations

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Cite error: A list-defined reference named "Boxholder-Records-info" is not used in the content (see the help page).

Notes

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  1. ^ Rice Thresher, December 2, 1988.
  2. ^ Casey, February 26, 1989. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFCasey,_February_26,1989 (help)
  3. ^ a b Ingraham.
  4. ^ a b c Ho, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c New York Times, August 22, 1990. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFNew_York_Times,_August_22,1990 (help)
  6. ^ Farnsworth, April 18, 1983.
  7. ^ Associated Press, May 30, 1985.
  8. ^ Gardner, 2004.
  9. ^ Wiener Jon, February 27, 1989.
  10. ^ SPLC Report, Spring 1984.
  11. ^ a b Reidinger, February 1990. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFReidinger,_February1990 (help)
  12. ^ Selya, 1989.
  13. ^ 60 Minutes, November 13, 1988.
  14. ^ Cole, Malvine, January 3, 1989.
  15. ^ a b Sullivan, August 21, 1990.
  16. ^ Crabtree, October 31, 1991.

References

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  • Ingraham, Laura (October 24, 1984). "Bill Cole's Song and Dance". The Dartmouth Review. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-url=, and |lay-source= (help)
  1. Note: The Dartmouth Review is not affiliated with Dartmouth College. The article was republished in the 35th Anniversary Issue of The Dartmouth Review. Vol. 36, no. 3 (May 9, 2016). p. 8 → link → via Issuu. Retrieved April 5, 2021. (original published January 1983, according to the AP)











  • Meigs, James B. (October 5, 1989). "College Papers Do the Right-Wing Thing". Rolling Stone. Vol. Issue 562. p. 98 (article mentions Vassar Spectator, the Princeton Tory, and the Dartmouth Review) {{cite magazine}}: |volume= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link) ISSN 0035-791X (publication), EBSCOhost 8910020298 (article).
















  • Morley Safer, host; James O. Freedman; Christopher E. Baldwin; William S. Cole; Jeffrey Hart (November 13, 1988). "Dartmouth vs. Dartmouth". 60 Minutes (VHS). CBS. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-url=, |lay-format=, and |lay-source= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) OCLC 19007739 (all editions).


NEW

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  • "Dis Sho' Aint No Jive, Bro". Dartmouth Review. 1982.


  • Garrett, James (October 19, 1988). "Ein Reich, Ein Volk, Ein Freemann". (German: Ein Reich, Ein Volk, Ein Führer → English: One Empire, One People, One Leader → James O. Freedman was, from 1987 to 1998, President of Dartmouth College). Dartmouth Review.



  • "The Privileged Class". Wall Street Journal. September 20, 1989. p. A24. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-url=, and |lay-source= (help)



  • Singh, Harmeet D. (Fall 1989). "Shanties, Shakespeare, and Sex Kits: Confessions of a Dartmouth Review Editor". Policy Review. Heritage Foundation. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lay-date=, |lay-source=, and |lay-url= (help)


From Cole's article

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1983 Lawsuit

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Part One
In April 1983, The Dartmouth Review – an arch-conservative publication[1] not affiliated with Dartmouth College but operated by students – published an antagonistic article that harshly ridiculed Cole, personally and professionally. Laura Ingraham, then a student, was the author of one of the articles.[2][3][4][2] Andrew Pickens III was editor-in-chief of the Review in April.[5]

(Dinesh D'Souza, also then a student, was – around that time – Editor-in-Chief of the Review.)[6]


Sequence of events

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  • Cole file suit against the Review and three students. He was the subject of three articles during the Winter of 1983, the first in mid-January written by Laura Ingraham. The suit asks for $600,000 from the
  1. Hanover Review, Inc.
  2. Edmond William Cattan, Jr., the paper's former editor-in-chief
  3. Dinesh D'Souza, the paper's former chairman, and
  4. Laura Ingraham, staff writer who wrote the article

Cole filed the suit in Burlington's U.S. District Court

  • John Long was attorney for Cole; at least 40 members of the Dartmouth College community contributed money to help Cole pay for the suit.
  • The Review was represented by Blair Soyster of Rogers and Wells of New York City and Hughs, Miller, and Candon of Norwich, Vermont. The New York firm was headed by former Secretary of State, William P. Rogers.

Continued

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Libel case
After two local newspapers – the Rutland Herald and Valley News – cited the Review to declare Cole "incompetent", Cole sued the Review for slander.[3] Cole also sued the Review for libel, but later dropped that suit.[7][4]
Slander case
The slander case was settled out of court after two years without the Review admitting guilt or providing any monetary compensation, but both the Review's and Cole's reputations were damaged.[8]


"I was taught all my life that if you get an education, things will open up. But what I learned is if you want to help your own people, it won't open up." "You have to sell yourself out enough so when you look in the mirror in the morning, you don't know who that is." – Bill Cole, reflecting on the cost of success in a White world. October 30, 1991, speaking as a guest lecturer in Bill Dixon's class at Bennington College.[9]

1985 lawsuit against the DR

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Rev. Richard Allen Hyde (born 1951), a Dartmouth College chaplain since 1978, filed a $3-million libel suite, claiming that the Review libeled him in articles concerning his professional and personal life.

The suit was filed January 22, 1985, in Grafton County Superior Court, and alleged that the Review published "several articles containing false, misleading and inflammatory information about (his) personal and professional life."

Editor Laura Ingraham said the suit is based on a series of articles, one involving a satirical column on left-leaning Dartmouth faculty titled the "Dartmouth Liberation Front."[10] "That was in the context of a satire and absolutely defensible on that ground," she said.[11] Hyde's suit named the Review and two former editors, Dinesh D'Souza of Princeton, N.J., and Andrew Lee Pickens III (born 1962) (Phillips Exeter '80; Dartmouth '84; UCLA '90 JD) of Fairfield, Ohio.

The suit was settled. The Review published an apology. Among other things, the Review had published that Hyde defended a group that advocated sex with adolescents.[12][13]

Lawsuit references

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  • "The Dartmouth Liberation Front". Dartmouth Review. April 16, 1984. OCLC 851443691 (publication).
  • "Apology To Rev. Richard Allen Hyde". Dartmouth Review. June 4, 1986. OCLC 851443691 (publication).

The Dartmouth Review

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  • Jones, Michael Keeney (March 15, 1982). "Dis Sho' Aint No Jive, Bro". Dartmouth Review – via "Lest the Old Traditions Fail" – a critical exploration of the history and reality of structural racism at Dartmouth College. Created by the Spring 2016 #BlackLivesMatter course at Dartmouth, developed through the Dartmouth Ferguson Teaching Collective (the author names Professor Michael David Green, PhD; 1941–2013, a preeminent historian of Native Americans of the South and then Chairman of Dartmouth's Native American Studies Department) {{cite journal}}: External link in |via= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link) OCLC 851443691 (publication).


  • "Dartmouth's Dynamic Duo of Mediocrity". Dartmouth Review. February 24, 1988. OCLC 851443691 (publication).









  • William Cole v. Hanover Press, Inc. (1984). $2.4 million libel

The National Review

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  • "Putting the Bite on the Dartmouth Review". National Review. 34 (12): 744–745. June 25, 1982. ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 6093243 (article).




  • De Toledano, Ralph (March 28, 1986). "The 'Smaller' Music". National Review (Universal Press Syndicate). 38 (5): 66–67 (this article does not mention Bill Cole; but the author is an exponent of traditional jazz in a Panassié-esque sense, which is at the far opposite end of Cole's jazz genre spectrum. The point, here, is that the author and Buckley's publication, like Panassié, might be intolerant of free jazz. Buckley himself was a musician.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 12624551 (article).




  • Hart, Jeffrey, PhD (May 13, 1988). "The Ivory Foxhole – Scuba Diving In the Cesspool". Item No. 4. National Review. 40 (9): 43.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 12231458 (article).






  • Hart, Jeffrey (September 15, 1989). "Good News From Dartmouth". National Review. 41 (17): 18 (Sarah Sully, Cole's wife and a lecturer in French and Italian, assigned her freshmen French II class an essay on the Review. When a student failed to condemn the publication, she gave the student a D, remarking that his essay was racist. The grade was overturned by the department chair, Dean Dwight Lahr.){{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 11567392 (article).


  • "The Cole Example". National Review. 42 (18): 18. September 17, 1990 (the article references two articles – The Boston Globe, August 22, 1990, "Embattled Teacher Quits Dartmouth" and The New York Times, August 22, 1990, "Target of Paper's Barbs Resigns at Dartmouth" – and defends the Review.){{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 12485652 (article).





  • "The Week". National Review (Universal Press Syndicate). 59 (20): 14. March 5, 2007 "National Review takes a proprietary interest in Dartmouth College, thanks to senior editor Jeffrey Hart and the many veterans of the Dartmouth Review who have worked here. At long last, it looks like the game is up. Independent alumni, opposed to the liberal bureaucrats and empire-builders who run their school, managed to win four elections to the college's governing board of trustees, under a 116-year-old arrangement that allowed alums to pick half the trustees. This fall the administration packed the board, doubling the number of trustees that it could select. There will be enough rich, compliant trustees who want buildings named after them to let the administrators run the school in saecula saeculorum. The Dartmouth resistance must resign itself to being a movement of student gadflies. It is sad that principles and fun should be opposed to power, but it is not the worst trade-off in the world."{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) ISSN 0028-0038 (publication), EBSCOhost 27251754 (article).

Comments on NR

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Criticism of DR

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  • "President of Alternative Dartmouth Weekly Quits – 'I Cannot Allow the Review to Ruin My Life Any Further'". New York Times, The. Vol. 140, no. 48377 (Late ed.). October 3, 1990. p. A28. Retrieved April 17, 2021 – via TimesMachine LEAD: The president of The Dartmouth Review, a politically conservative student weekly newspaper, resigned today, denouncing the paper and its editor in chief for publishing on its masthead an anti-Semitic passage from Hitler's Mein Kampf.
    Unlike previous Review controversies, the center did not hold. "I cannot allow the Review to ruin my life any further," C. Tyler White declared soon after he resigned as President of the Review, "The official Review response, which I co-signed and helped distribute, avoids the main thrust of the issue. It does not emphasize our sorrow in this dreadful act of malice, nor does it claim responsibility for letting it reach newsprint ... The editor-in-chief has failed in his job, and now we must wear the albatross of anti-Semitism because he won't take responsibility for the issue’s contents." Review contributors David Budd and Pang-Chun Chen also resigned saying, "We are conservatives, but we are not Nazis ... " Budd noted that the paper’s apology implied "let’s put the blame on someone else." link     {{cite news}}: External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)

Conservative response to DR's Mien Kampf quote

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Conservative of the DR's 1988 lawsuit

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  1. ^ Casey, February 26, 1989. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFCasey,_February_26,1989 (help)
  2. ^ a b Ingraham.
  3. ^ a b Ho, 2008.
  4. ^ a b New York Times, August 22, 1990. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFNew_York_Times,_August_22,1990 (help)
  5. ^ Farnsworth, June 10, 1983.
  6. ^ Farnsworth, April 18, 1983.
  7. ^ Associated Press, May 30, 1985.
  8. ^ Gardner, 2004.
  9. ^ Crabree, October 31, 1991.
  10. ^ Dartmouth Review, April 16, 1984.
  11. ^ UPI, February 1, 1985.
  12. ^ Journal News, June 8, 1986.
  13. ^ Loeb, 1995.
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