User:Giancarlo Subervi/Gotō Islands Dialect
| Goto Islands Dialect | |
|---|---|
| 五島列島方言 | |
| Native to |  Japan |
| Region | Nagasaki Prefecture・Goto Islands |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
 | |
Goto Islands dialect(五島列島方言), often referred to simply as "Goto dialect" is a dialect of Japanese spoken on the Gotō Islands in Nagasaki Prefecture. It closely resembles Nagasaki dialect but also contains its own original vocabulary.
Additionally, as a result of certain words becoming commonplace solely to their respective communities, [1] each island and area has formed their own unique vocabulary.
Summary
[edit]A unique characteristic of Kyushu dialects in general is their emphasis on consonant sounds and weakened vowel sounds, but even among these dialects, Goto dialects stands out as being very simplified and tending to have persistent n sounds and sokuon.[2] The dialect lacks vocabulary exceeding 7 characters in length, and it's common to speak in short three word phrases connected by retroflex sounds like tsu, na, and chi.
Most Goto Island dialects use no pitch accent.[3] A few areas in Shin-Kamigotō use the "second-type" (nikei/二型) pitch accent, and a few areas in Goto use the "first-type" (ikkei/一型) pitch accent.
Masculine and Feminine Nouns
[edit]Some nouns are separated into masculine and feminine categories similar to languages that employ grammatical gender systems. Masculine nouns and feminine nouns have the sounds "don/ドン" and "jo/ジョ" appended to the end of them, respectively. [4]
| Masculine form (Goto dialect) |
Standard Japanese | English |
|---|---|---|
| ijadon | kan'oke | casket |
| ganjadon | kajiya | blacksmith |
| godedon | otto | husband |
| deyadon | kannushi | Shinto priest |
| yabusandon | yabusame | horseback archery |
| bondon | bonmatsuri | Bon Festival |
| babodon | gedan | manservant |
| Feminine form (Goto dialect) |
Standard Japanese | English |
|---|---|---|
| kunkunjo | kame | turtle |
| tsutsugamejo | katatsumuri | snail |
| tsutsugomajo | mamagoto | playing house |
| benjo | beni | crimson |
| ihyajo | ihai | Spirit tablet |
| bebejo | kimono | kimono |
| nyonyajo | gejo | maid servant |
Vocabulary
[edit]| Word (Goto Dialect) | Standard Japanese | Meaning | Origin | Source |
| aga | anata / omae | you | from 自分 / jibun (myself) | 五島方言集(1976) p.9 |
| appayo | osoroshii | scary | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| ahiko | asoko | there | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.195 | |
| arakare | hanarero | get away (command) | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| uuka | ooi | many | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.195 | |
| oddon、oidon | watashitachi | us | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| kokkamasu | bunnaguru | to punch hard | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| sekarashika | urusai | noisy | semantically changed from the word for "busy" in Kyushu Dialect |
五島方言集(1976) p.8 |
| chondoko | benjo, tearaiba | restroom | from 手水所 / chouzudokoro | 五島方言集(1976) p.11 |
| chingu | tomodachi | friend | from Korean 친구 / chingu (friend） | 五島方言集(1976) p.11 |
| chinchiromofu | awatefutameite | in a panic | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| tsundashika | kawaisou | pitiable | 五島方言集(1976) p.10 | |
| babo | older brother | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | ||
| babbuddon | kaeru | frog | unknown | 五島方言集(1976) p.6 |
| bissha | takusan | a lot of | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| bittsunaka | bukiyou na | awkward | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| heppa | uso | lie | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.179 | |
| muhiko | musuko | son | 九州地方の方言(1983) p.195 |
External Links
[edit]- ^ "《子ども新聞・週刊風っ子》方言なぜ生まれた？". 上毛新聞. April 4, 2022. Retrieved July 2, 2024.
- ^ 五島方言集(1976), p. 3.
- ^ 五島方言集(1976), p. 5.
- ^ 五島方言集(1976), p. 6.