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Holgate makes multiple references to God and the Bible throughout the narrative. The Creator engraved “distinguishing lineaments” on blacks and whites, but humans are mixing the two, which the narrator says is a “new invented specie, of which our Creator knows nothing”.[1] The author also makes reference to the Bible verse that says “love thy neighbor.”[2][3] This passage is also commonly known as the Golden Rule.

The Amalgamation process itself is also presented as a religion. The process takes place in a church, and the followers are offered "initiation into our holy fraternity."[4] The followers, or disciples, are also referred to as "proselytes."[5] The boiling process can also be looked at as a type of baptism.

Drawing of black men and white women waltzing in a ballroom in formal attire.
An Amalgamation Waltz. Engraved cartoon by E. W. Clay. New York: Published by J. Childs, 1839. Caption: "Entered accord'g to Act of Congress in the Year 1839, by John Childs, in the Clerks office in the District Court for the southern district of New York." Courtesy of the American Antiquarian Society.[6]
Anti-miscegenation cartoon promoting anti-abolitionists' fears of racial and sexual integration. Depicts a parlor scene where two inter-racial couples court on a couch. On the left, an attractive white women sits on the lap of a vigorous African American man. The man, depicted with grotesque facial features, holds a guitar in his free hand as she engages him in a kiss. On the right, a large African American woman is wooed by a dainty white man on his knees who holds her hand. Portraits of abolitionists Arthur Tappan, Daniel O'Connell (a radical Irish abolitionist), and John Quincy Adams hang on the wall above the couch. A white and black dog "court" in the corner.
Practical Amalgamation. First of a series of five, in the series "Life in Philadelphia." Anti-amalgamation cartoon by E. W. Clay. New York: Published by J. Childs, 1839.[7]


An article in The Liberator outlined a similar imagined future as the "City of Amalgamation," in which "blacks and whites were mingling with perfect ease in social intercourse."[8] Holgate's city was a racist take on this, as were Edward Williams Clay's anti-amalgamation political cartoons.[6][7][9]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Bolokitten 1835, p. 11
  2. ^ Bolokitten, p. 62
  3. ^ "Bible Gateway passage: Leviticus 19:18 - Modern English Version". Bible Gateway. Retrieved 2019-10-06.
  4. ^ Bolokitten, p. 20
  5. ^ Bolokitten, p. 28
  6. ^ a b "An Amalgamation Waltz". utc.iath.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2019-10-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ a b "Practical Amalgamation". digital.librarycompany.org. Retrieved 2019-10-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ T. T. (April 2, 1831). "A Dream" (PDF). The Liberator. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  9. ^ Bateman, David A. "Transatlantic Anxieties: Democracy and Diversity in Nineteenth-Century Discourse." Studies in American Political Development, 33 (October 2019), 139–177. doi:10.1017/S0898588X19000105

Bibliography

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  • Bolokitten, Oliver. A Sojourn in the City of Amalgamation, in the Year of Our Lord, 19--. New York, Self-Published, 1835.
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