Welsh peers and baronets
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This is an index of Welsh peers and baronets whose primary peerage, life peerage, and baronetcy titles include a Welsh place-name origin or its territorial qualification[clarification needed] is within the historic counties of Wales.
Welsh-titled peers derive their titles from a variety of sources. After Llywelyn ap Gruffudd of the House of Aberffraw, the last Welsh Prince of Wales, was killed during the Edwardian Conquest in 1282, the Principality of Wales was divided into English-style counties. Many of the former native titles were abolished, but some of the native Welsh lords were given English titles in exchange for their loyalty. Welsh Law remained in force in the Principality for civil cases, including for inheritance. However, Edward I did reform Welsh succession to introduce male preference primogeniture, a reform which facilitated the inheritance by English marcher lords of Welsh lands.
With the Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542, Wales was formally annexed by England, with the full implementation of English Common Law for civil cases. Both native Welsh and Marcher lordships were fully incorporated into the English Peerage. Eventually, succeeding peerage divisions emerged.[clarification needed] Wales does not have a separate peerage, but Welsh peers are included in the English, Great Britain, and finally the United Kingdom peerages. In 1793 the title "Earl of the Town and County of Carnarvon in the Principality of Wales" was created, the only mention of the "Principality of Wales" in a title.[1][2] After the deposition by the English parliament in February 1689 of King James II and VII from the thrones of England and Ireland (the Scottish Estates followed suit on 11 April 1689), he and his successors continued to create peers and baronets, which became known as the Jacobite Peerage.
Some lords, the Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, and the Marquess of Anglesey, make their principal seat within Wales, while others, such as the Marquess of Abergavenny have their seat outside Wales.
Titles as rendered in the Welsh language
[edit]
atop the Talaith Llywelyn.
| Title | Male singular | Female singular | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prince | Tywysog | Tywysoges | Tywysogaeth |
| Duke | Duc, Dug | Duces, Duges | Dugaeth |
| Marquess | Ardalydd | Ardalyddes | Ardalyddaeth |
| Earl | Iarll | Iarlles | Iarllaeth |
| Count | Cownt* | Cowntes* | Cowntaeth |
| Viscount | Isiarll | Isiarlles | Isiarllaeth |
| Baron | Barwn | Barwnes | Barwniaeth |
| Baronet | Barwnig | Barwniges |
- *When referencing continental titles of Earl rankings.
Royal titles
[edit]See also Honours of the Principality of Wales
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Other titles |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Prince of Wales | 1267 (Welsh title) 1301 (English title) |
Wales England |
Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdon in the Welsh Principality of Wales, Duke of Rothesay and Earl of Carrick in the Peerage of Scotland, Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester in the Peerage of England |
Ducal titles
[edit]Currently there are no Welsh ducal titles.
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Other titles |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Duke of Monmouth | 1663 | England | Extinct 1685. Duke of Buccleuch, 1663, Peerage of Scotland |
| The Duke of Powis | 1689 | Jacobite Peerage of England | Extinct 1745. Created for the 1st Marquess of Powis |
Marquessate titles
[edit]- This indicates an extant title.
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Selected other titles |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Marquess of Powis | 1687 | England | |
| The Marquess of Montgomery | 1687 | Jacobite Peerage | |
| The Marquess of Carmarthen | 1689 | England | Subsidiary title for the Duke of Leeds |
| The Marquess of Carnarvon | 1719 | Great Britain | Subsidiary title for the Duke of Chandos |
| The Marquess of Anglesey | 1815 | UK | |
| The Marquess of Abergavenny | 1876 | UK | |
| The Marquess of Milford Haven | 1917 | UK |
Earldom titles
[edit]- This indicates an extant title.
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Other titles and notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Lord of Glamorgan | 1093, 1217, 1338, 1439 1449 1489 |
England | Based on the former Welsh principality of Morgannwg. The title was 'Lord of Glamorgan' but of comital rank. Abolished with the Laws in Wales Act 1535. |
| The Earl of Pembroke | c. 1135, 1533, 1605 | England | Earl of Montgomery in the Peerage of England. |
| The Lord of Gower | c. 1135 | England | Carved out of the Welsh Gŵyr lordship of the Principality of Deheubarth. The title was "Lord of Gower" but of comital rank. Abolished with the Laws in Wales Act 1535. |
| The Lord of Kilvey | c. 1135 | England | Based on the Welsh commote. Roughly, the parish of Llansamlet on the east bank of the Tawe and part of the Principality of Deheubarth until conquered from it. Abolished with the Laws in Wales Act 1535 and transferred to Glamorgan. |
| The Earl of Montgomery | 1605 | England | Held with Earl of Pembroke since 1630 |
| The Earl of Carnarvon | 1628, 1714, 1793 | England Great Britain | Baron Porchester in the Peerage of Great Britain |
| The Earl of Denbigh | 1622 | England | Earl of Desmond in the Peerage of Ireland |
| The Earl of Conway | 1624 | England | Extinct by 1683 |
| The Earl of Cardigan | 1661 | England | Marquess of Ailesbury in the Peerage of the UK |
| The Earl of Powis | 1674, 1748, 1804 | UK | Viscount Clive in the Peerage of the UK |
| The Earl of Monmouth | 1701 | Jacobite Peerage of England | Extinct 1747 |
| The Earl Talbot | 1761 | Great Britain | Baron Dynevor, of Dynevor in the County of Carmarthen. |
| The Earl of Lisburne | 1776 | Ireland | Viscount Lisburne. Named after the profitable Lisburne mines in Trawsgoed, Ceredigion for the Vaughn family. |
| The Earl Cawdor | 1827 | UK | Viscount Emlyn in the Peerage of the UK Thane of Cawdor in the Peerage of Scotland |
| The Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor | 1945 | UK | Viscount Gwynedd in the Peerage of the UK |
| The Earl of Merioneth | 1947 | UK | Duke of Edinburgh in the Peerage of the UK. Merged with the Crown 2022 |
| The Earl of Snowdon | 1961 | UK | Viscount Linley in the Peerage of the UK |
Viscountcy titles
[edit]- This indicates an extant title.
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Other titles and notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Viscount Powis | 1687 | England | Subsidiary title for Marquess of Powis |
| The Viscount Montgomery | 1687 | England | Subsidiary title for Marquess of Powis |
| The Viscount Emlyn | 1827 | Great Britain | Earl Cawdor of Castlemartin in the County of Pembroke |
| The Viscount Windsor | 1905 | UK | of St Fagans in the County of Glamorgan. Held as a subsidiary title of the Earl of Plymouth. |
| The Viscount Tredegar | 1905, 1925 | UK | Baron Tredegar 1859, Viscountcy title became extinct by 1962 |
| The Viscount St Davids | 1918 | UK | Baron St Davids in the UK Peerage Baron Strange de Knokyn, of Hungerford, and of Moleyns in the Peerage of England |
| The Viscount Rhondda | 1918 | UK | Baron Rhondda. Extinct by 1953 |
| The Viscount Gwynedd | 1945 | UK | Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor |
| The Viscount Tenby | 1957 | UK | of Bulford in the County of Pembroke |
| The Viscount Tonypandy | 1983 | UK | in the County of Glamorgan. The title became extinct in 1997. |
| The Viscount Severn | 1999 | UK | Earl of Wessex and Earl of Forfar in the Peerage of the UK |
Barony titles
[edit]- This indicates an extant title.
| Title | Creation | Peerage | Other titles and notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Baron Abergavenny | 1087, 1392 | England | Marquess of Abergavenny |
| The Baron Aberavon | 12th century | England | Created for the former Welsh rulers of Morgannwg, pre-Norman Conquest[citation needed]; the dynasty became subsumed[clarification needed], ruling only the barony of Aberavon. The family and barony became extinct in the 1330s. |
| The Baron of Cymmer-yn-Edeirnion | 1284 | England | Based on lands in the family's possession pre-Edwardian Conquest, recognised in 1370 for the Hughes of Gwerclas descendants. |
| The Baron Glyndyfrdwy | 22 July 1284[3][4] | England | Edward I granted the lands of Ial to Gruffudd Fychan, Prince of Powys Fadog, Lord of Dinas Bran (5 February 1278). Lands were forfeited, 7 October 1282. Barony then recreated as Lords Glyndyfrdwy and Cynllaith Owain in northern Powys. Penultimate Baron was the Prince of Wales (Pretender) Owain Glyndwr c. 1400 – 1415. |
| The Baron of Hendwr | 1284 | England | Created for the cousin of the above after they came into the King's Peace. Title confirmed in 1334. |
| The Baroness Grey de Ruthyn | 1324 | England | In abeyance since 1963 |
| The Baron Talbot | 1331, 1733 | Great Britain | Currently in abeyance |
| The Baron Powis | 1629 | England | Extinct 1748 |
| The Baron Grey of Powys | 1482 | England | In abeyance since 1551 |
| The Baron Conwy | 1703 | Great Britain | Marquess of Hertford in the Peerage of England |
| The Baron Newborough | 1716 | Ireland | Marquess of Cholmondeley in the Peerage of Ireland |
| The Baron Cardiff | 1776 | Great Britain | Marquess of Bute in the Peerage of Great Britain |
| The Baron Newborough | 1776 | Ireland | Baronet of Wynn of Bodvean |
| The Baron Milford | 1776, 1847, 1939 | UK | Philipps Baronetcy |
| The Baron Dynevor | 1780 | Great Britain | The Rhys family claim descent from the 15th century Rhys ap Thomas |
| The Baron Gwydyr | 1796 | Great Britain | Through the maternal line, heirs of the Aberffraw legacy through Mary Wynn and her great granddaughter Priscilla Bertie and her descendants to 1915, when the title expired[clarification needed]. |
| The Baron Mostyn | 1831 | UK | Baronet Mostyn of Pengwerra |
| The Baron Raglan | 1852 | UK | of Raglan in the County of Monmouth |
| The Baron Llanover | 1859 | UK | Augusta Hall, Baroness Llanover was Welsh heiress, best known as a patron of the arts. Title became extinct in 1867 |
| The Baron Tredegar | 1859 | UK | Baronet Morgan of Tredegar 1792
Title became extinct in 1962 |
| The Baron Aberdare | 1873 | UK | |
| The Baron Harlech | 1876 | UK | of Harlech in the County of Merioneth |
| The Baron Swansea | 1893 | UK | of Singleton in the County of Glamorgan |
| The Baron Glanusk | 1899 | UK | Baronet of Bailey |
| The Baron Grenfell | 1902 | UK | of Kilvey in the County of Glamorgan |
| The Baron St. Davids | 1908 | UK | Viscount St Davids in the Peerage of the UK |
| The Baron Rhondda | 1916 | UK | of Llanwern in the County of Monmouth. Extinct by 1918, but the Viscountcy was inherited by his daughter. |
| The Baron Colwyn | 1917 | UK | of Colwyn Bay in the County of Denbigh, and the Smith baronets (created in 1912) |
| The Baron Clwyd | 1919 | UK | of Abergele in the County of Denbigh |
| The Baron Trevethin | 1921 | UK | of Blaengawney in the County of Monmouth |
| The Baron Kylsant | 1923 | UK | Extinct 1927 |
| The Baron Lloyd | 1925 | UK | Extinct with the second Baron Lloyd in 1985. |
| The Baron Davies | 1932 | UK | of Llandinam in the County of Montgomery |
| The Baron Llewellin | 1945 | UK | Extinct by 1957 |
| The Baron Trefgarne | 1947 | UK | of Cleddau in the County of Pembroke |
| The Baron Brecon | 1958 | UK | Extinct by 1975, though survived by daughter, Janet Lewis |
Welsh life peers
[edit]Territorial qualification within Wales
[edit]This is an index of Welsh life peers whose primary territorial qualification is within the historic counties of Wales. Some may have subsidiary titles outside Wales.
Territorial qualification outside Wales
[edit]This is a list of Welsh life peers whose territorial qualification is outside Wales, with no qualification within Wales.
| Name and title | Territorial qualification | Creation | Extinction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon | of Tandridge in the County of Surrey | 1992 | 2015 |
| Nicholas Phillips, Baron Phillips of Worth Matravers | of Belsize Park in the London Borough of Camden | 1998 | Current |
| Michael Heseltine, Baron Heseltine | of Thenford in the County of Northamptonshire | 2001 | Current |
| Richard Wilson, Baron Wilson of Dinton | of Dinton in the County of Buckinghamshire | 2002 | Current |
| Alan West, Baron West of Spithead | of Seaview in the County of the Isle of Wight | 2007 | Current |
Baronetcy titles
[edit]A baronet (traditional abbreviation Bart, modern abbreviation Bt) or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess (abbreviation Btss), is the holder of a hereditary title awarded by the British Crown known as a baronetcy.
The name baronet is a diminutive of the peerage title baron. The rank of a baronet is between that of a baron and a knight; it has never entitled the bearer to a seat in the House of Lords, but it is hereditary.
See also
[edit]- List of family seats of Welsh nobility
- British nobility
- Peerage, an exposition of great detail
- Peerage of England
- Peerage of Scotland
- Peerage of Ireland
- History of the Peerage
- Gentry
- Landed gentry
- Forms of address in the United Kingdom
- British Honours System
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ See Earl of Carnarvon
- ^ Complete title is Earl of the Town and County of Carnarvon
- ^ Lloyd, Jacob Youde W. (1881). "6". The History of the Princes. Vol. 1. Great Queen Street, London: T. Richards Printer. p. 232/3.
- ^ "Owain Glyndwr (c. 1354-1416), 'Prince of Wales'". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales.